Schools and Paideia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Webb
Keyword(s):  
Second Sophistic ◽  
Common Culture ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship

Education (paideia) was central to the development of what is now called the Second Sophistic, but surprisingly little attention was paid to the subject in the contemporary texts. This omission may have been deliberate, a way of implying that the status of pepaideumenos or educated man was acquired through sociability rather than by tuition. This chapter outlines what we know about the teaching of grammar and rhetoric in the schools of the imperial period from witnesses, like Philostratus, Lucian, and Aelius Aristides, and from the surviving manuals. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between this teaching and its methods and the performances and writings of the sophists. Its role in the creation of a common culture shared by its recipients is also discussed.

scholarly journals Punctuation Marks and Signs of Cessation in Qur`an: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Abdur-Rasheed Mahmoud-Mukadam
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Usual Treatment ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Contemporary Writers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

The subject of punctuation in Arabic writing may be one of the topics in which there was a great deal of writing. However, the close look at this paper reveals that there are some new things that the researcher is interested in highlighting in this article. To clarify positions in the Holy Quran. And that some contemporary writers do not take into account the status of these signs and interesting situation in the appropriate places, but they refuse to take into account behind their appearance when writing Arabic became randomly writing, Based on the above, the researcher can shed light on the importance of these punctuation marks and indicate the relationship between them and the signs of the Qur`anic cessation, which does not mean the use of the first place with The existence of the connection and kinship between them; because the writing of Qur`an is descriptive, it could never be treated in the places of cessation and tone as   usual treatment of the normal writing.

The study of Latin grammar in eighth-century Southumbria

1983 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 43-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien Law
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Grammatical Tradition ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Insular Latinity – its origins, characteristics, affiliations and dissemination – has attracted much attention in the last decade. One area which has benefited from this increased interest is the investigation of the Latin grammars written by Insular scholars: consider, for example, the editions of Insular grammatical writings recently published in the Corpus Christianorum Series Latina. But it is noteworthy that the Anglo-Latin grammarians have profited far less from this upsurge in interest than their Irish counterparts. Although Anglo-Latin as well as Hiberno-Latin texts have been among those recently edited, and have been the subject of several specialized studies, they have failed to excite scholarly attention to the same extent as the Irish works. Their origin, history, relationship and cultural context have not yet been satisfactorily established. Studies such as the series of articles by Louis Holtz, tracing the evolution of the study of grammar in Ireland and the relationship of the surviving texts to one another, are lacking for the Anglo-Latin grammarians. Yet the unknown factors in early England are scarcely fewer. To take one example, the fundamental problem of the rôle of the Irish in the creation of an Anglo-Latin grammatical tradition has hardly been touched upon. Indeed, that the Anglo-Saxons can even be credited with a grammatical tradition of their own has been questioned. Too often, the few surviving Anglo-Latin grammars are held up as an isolated phenomenon and contrasted with the prolific outpourings of a diligent host of Irishanonymi. It is the purpose of this article to investigate the evidence for the study of Latin grammar in England south of the Humber up to the time of its best-known manifestations, the grammars of Tatwine and Boniface, in the early eighth century.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review: Location-Limited SNSs Research and Psychological Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-47
Author(s):  
Iffat Ali Aksar ◽  
Mehmoud Danaee ◽  
Amira Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The turn of the 21st century witnessed an unprecedented surge in the use of Social Network Sites (SNSs). The developing world also experienced a similar congruent networking transformation in terms of employment of the emerging SNN tools. Correspondingly, research magnitude on the implication of SNSs use has also grown exponentially with recommendations for conducting studies in less privileged countries. The present systematic review is based on doctoral research aimed to present the status of SNSs studies and psychological well-being in both developing and developed countries. The review analyzed thirty-two location-limited articles–conducted in developed countries like the USA—published from 2005 to 2018 and focused on the relationship between SNSs usage and users’ psychological well-being. Given the limitations of the available literature, the review also recommended suggestions for future directions in investigations and studies on the subject.

Legal Entitlements, Changing Circumstances and Intertemporality: A Comment on the Creation of Israel and the Status of Palestine

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-408
Author(s):  
Yuval Shany
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
The Status ◽  
General Assembly Resolution ◽  
Un General Assembly ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Of Israel

The events surrounding the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 and the ensuing Palestinian naqba (disaster) have generated an abundance of legal literature. It is beyond the ambitions of this article to revisit all or most of the existing literature, or to strive and comprehensively discuss the various legal propositions they consider. Instead, it offers a critical assessment of some of the legal conclusions offered by one of the most influential experts in the field – Professor James Crawford – who, in the second edition of his seminal treatise The Creation of States in International Law, discusses at some length the events surrounding the creation of Israel and the status of Palestine. Section 2 of the article offers some general observations on the continued relevance of the events surrounding the creation of Israel. In particular, it raises the question of the relationship between the principles of ex injuria non oritur jus and ex factis oritur jus in the Israeli–Palestinian context. Section 3 examines the legal significance of the 1922 League of Nations Mandate and Crawford's position concerning its validity. Sections 4 and 5 adopt a similar examination with regard to two other historic events of potential legal significance, namely the 1947 UN General Assembly Resolution 181 (the Partition Resolution) and Israel's 1948 Declaration of Independence. Section 5 also briefly examines Crawford's conclusions relating to the status of Palestine, and Section 6 concludes.

PHILOSOPHERS AND CITIZENS ON THE AREOPAGUS: LUCIAN'S PROSE TRILOGY

Ramus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-222
Author(s):  
David Blair Pass
Keyword(s):  
Civic Virtue ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Lively Discussion ◽  
Philosophical Writing ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
The Status ◽  
Civic Community ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

The lively discussion of the relationship between rhetoric and philosophy, the presentation of a theory of writing dialogues that combine elements from different genres and a dramatic frame that presents this theory in an Athenian setting as philosophical schools such as the Stoa and the Academy explain to the citizens their contributions to civic virtue make the Twice Accused not only one of the most important dialogues for understanding Lucian's project but also one of the most important literary treatments of the reception of philosophy in Athens and the status of philosophy in the Imperial period. Because many of the philosophical elements Lucian uses to create his drama—common arguments, well-known attitudes and standard portraits—are conventional, the creativity and originality of the work consists in the combination of these elements and juxtaposition of different scenes and frames; understanding each scene and its significance depends on establishing its relationship to other scenes. This paper will examine the role the Twice Accused plays as part of a trilogy of dialogues together with the Sale of Lives and the Fisherman; the trilogy presents a reflection on the introduction of philosophy and a progressive analysis of the attitudes between citizens and philosophers in the Athenian civic context. Considering the three as a trilogy not only reveals a central tragic intertext but also illuminates the way that the methodological statement at the end of the Twice Accused completes the schema connecting attitudes towards the philosophical tradition to Athenian topography by moderating the extremes of the previous two dialogues and explaining the role of philosophical writing as a mediating force between the demands of philosophy and the needs of the larger civic community.

scholarly journals Politics, Industrialization and Citizenship: Unemployment Policy in England, France and the United States, 1890–1950

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (S3) ◽  
pp. 91-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Cohen ◽  
Michael Hanagan
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Common Culture ◽  
National Community ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Status ◽  
Unemployment Policy ◽  
The Relationship

With the “forward march of labor halted”, and labor movements everywhere in retreat, T.H. Marshall's state-based emphasis on social welfare as “social right” has reminded those interested in reform that appeals to membership in a national community, the essence of citizenship, have served to rally groups to successful struggles for reform. Those aspects of Marshall's ideas, best summarized in his classic 1949 address, “Citizenship and Social Class”, with the greatest resonance for modern social theorists revolve around the relationship between citizenship, rights and markets. For Marshall, “the universal status of citizenship” was a plane of equality such that “all who possess the status (of citizenship) are equal with respect to the rights and duties with which the status is endowed”. Rights were embodied in a common culture and enforced by state power. Marshall believed that, gradually, one particular kind of rights, “social rights”, would come to limit the power of the market. While markets would continue to exist and to generate social inequality, government redistribution would increasingly expand the plane of equality to include the most important aspects of material and cultural life. The distinctive feature of these social rights according to Marshall is that they were not exemptions, privileges or paternalistic solicitude for those excluded from what he labels the “national community”, but social rights were benefits given to members of the community to encourage and facilitate their continued participation.

scholarly journals A TRADITIONAL APPROACH TO QIRA’ATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Dževdet Šošić
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Linguistic Context ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The status of qira'ats in relation to the integral Qur'anic text has been the subject of disagreement among Islamic scholars. Some have identified qira'ats with the Qur'an, some have made a distinction between these two terms, whereas some have seen in them the relationship between a part and the whole. Various views on the emergence and role of qira'ats in the tradition of the reading of the Qur'an have affected different theoretical and practical approaches to this Qur'anic specificity. In this paper we attempted to present the most relevant approaches to the phenomenon of qira'ats, regardless of whether they are related to historical, legal, tafsir or linguistic context; the approaches reflecting the principles of Islamic teaching contained in the Qur'an and Sunnah, and which, as such, present valid guidelines to all those who speak or write about this topic.

scholarly journals RHETORICAL OMISSION IN THE QUR’ANIC EXPRESSION AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN SURAT AL-BAQARAH (OMISSION LETTER AS A MODEL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (06) ◽  
pp. 402-414
Author(s):  
Abdoul Bassiti Toure MOHAMED ◽  
Nashwan Abdo KHALED
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Recently, Muslims and non-Muslims have witnessed an interest in studying the Holy Qur’an with contemporary approaches and trends, which requires Muslims, in particular, to participate in studying the Qur’an in an objective and effective manner to highlight the characteristics of the Holy Qur’an and the beauty and meanings that it contains. Hence, this study comes to analyze the rhetorical omissions in similar contexts in the Holy Qur’an and answer questions that may be raised about them. The study begins with a historical overview of the issue of omission in the Noble Qur’an for both the ancients and the contemporaries, with an indication of the status of thisThe topic is in the sciences of the Noble Qur’an, passing through the semantics of rhetorical deletion and its role in understanding the meanings of the Qur’anic expression, down to the uses of that method in different contexts and its inferred results, and applications and examples of omissions in Surat Al-Baqarah to collect all types of remembrance and deletion. Studying the subject of omission in Surat Al-Baqarah is a way to understand its other places in the rest of the Surahs in the Holy Qur’an. This study used the descriptive approach to extrapolate the modus operandi of rhetorical deletion in the Holy Qur’an, the historical approach to trace what was written in rhetorical deletion and the efforts of Al-Qami and contemporaries in it, and the analytical approach to show the relationship of deletion and its role in enriching meanings... Among the most important findings of the study: • Those who trace the positions of rhetorical deletion in the Holy Qur’an clearly realize the effect of rhetorical deletion in enriching the significance and meanings. The deletion often supports proving the meaning of the thing absolutely and as a sentence, or suggests the general significance of the rhetorical deletion method. • The difference of style betweenThe mention and omission are not in vain, but rather come to add a special style or a specific purpose. • It was found through the study that it is necessary to return to books of rhetoric and grammar, and books of language in general, to reveal many of the indications of rhetorical omission generated by deep reflection on the context of similar verses in the wise Quran.

Waiting and its Relation to Status

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Halpern ◽  
Kathryn Isaacs
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Time ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

To examine the relationship between status and waiting behavior a questionnaire was constructed to measure waiting time as a function of the status of the subject, the status of the person for whom the subject waits, and the situation in which the subject waits. It was predicted that lower status subjects ( n = 124 students) would report that they would wait longer than higher status subjects ( n = 124 professors), all subjects would wait longer for a higher status person than a lower status person and that all subjects would wait longer in an “academic” situation than a “social” situation. All three hypotheses were confirmed.

scholarly journals Development of settlements and their knowledge centers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Paári ◽  
János Gyergyák
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

AbstractUniversity campuses and the surrounding urban environment are an integral part of each other's lives. The subject of this article is the relationship between them, primarily in relation to Pécs and University of Pécs. During the examinations, the network of connections regarding the city, university and its education sites will be visible. As it stands, the education sites of University of Pécs are not yet able to function as campuses. The creation of urban public spaces for the development of campuses is essential, as it can be seen through international examples and design. This may be the result of the numerous reductions and reorganization of educational sites.

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