Gestational Age, Birth Weight, and Perinatal Death among Births to Norwegian Farmers, 1967-1991

Twin pregnancies are commonly assessed using singleton growth and birth weight reference charts. This practice has led to a significant number of twins labelled as small for gestational age (SGA), causing unnecessary interventions and increased risk of iatrogenic preterm birth. However, the use of twin-specific charts remains controversial. This study aims to assess whether twin-specific estimated fetal weight (EFW) and birth weight (BW) charts are more predictive of adverse outcomes compared to singleton charts. Centiles of EFW and BW were calculated using previously published singleton and twin charts. Categorical data were compared using Chi-square or McNemar tests. The study included 1740 twin pregnancies, with the following perinatal adverse outcomes recorded: perinatal death, preterm birth <34 weeks, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and admissions to the neonatal unit (NNU). Twin-specific charts identified prenatally and postnatally a smaller proportion of infants as SGA compared to singleton charts. However, twin charts showed a higher percentage of adverse neonatal outcomes in SGA infants than singleton charts. For example, perinatal death (SGA 7.2% vs. appropriate for gestational age (AGA) 2%, p < 0.0001), preterm birth <34 weeks (SGA 42.1% vs. AGA 16.4%, p < 0.0001), HDP (SGA 21.2% vs. AGA 13.5%, p = 0.015) and NNU admissions (SGA 69% vs. AGA 24%, p < 0.0001), when compared to singleton charts (perinatal death: SGA 2% vs. AGA 1%, p = 0.029), preterm birth <34 weeks: (SGA 20.6% vs. AGA 17.4%, p = 0.020), NNU admission: (SGA 34.5% vs. AGA 23.9%, p < 0.000). There was no significant association between HDP and SGA using the singleton charts (p = 0.696). In SGA infants, according to the twin charts, the incidence of abnormal umbilical artery Doppler was significantly more common than in SGA using the singleton chart (27.0% vs. 8.1%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, singleton charts misclassify a large number of twins as at risk of fetal growth restriction. The evidence suggests that the following twin-specific charts could reduce unnecessary medical interventions prenatally and postnatally.

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Characteristics overview of mother with perinatal death at Dr. Soetomo Hospital in 2015

Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi ◽

10.20473/mog.v24i3.4575 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 105

Author(s):

Yulisa Haslinda ◽

Budi Prasetyo

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Perinatal Mortality ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Pregnancy Complications ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Perinatal Death ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Perinatal Deaths ◽

Maternal Characteristic ◽

Characteristic Features

Objectives: to determine the frequency distribution of perinatal mortality and maternal characteristic features in terms of age, parity, gestational age and pregnancy complications in Dr.Soetomo Hospital Surabaya in 2015. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study conducted by collecting data on patients who experienced perinatal mortality of infants born from January to December 2015 in Dr. Soetomo, Hospital Surabaya. Samples were collected using total sampling. The samples must meet the following criteria: mothers of infants with perinatal mortality in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, from January to December 2015.Results: There were 206 perinatal deaths out of 1018 births in Dr. Soetomo during 2015, of which 58% was live birth and 42% was stillbirth. Most of perinatal mortality found in the preterm gestational age as much as 78%, and gestational age 28-<37 weeks (58%). Most of perinatal mortality occured in infants with less than 1500 grams birth weight, which was as much as 53% of all perinatal deaths and infant whose birth weight from1500 to 2500 grams was about 29%. Most perinatal mortality found in multigravida (54%) and in infants whose mothers experienced preeclampsia in pregnancy complications (35%), followed by infant mortality in women with non-obstetric complications (23%).Conclusion: Perinatal mortality in Dr. Soetomo Hospital was mostly found in multigravida mothers, 16-35 years old maternal age, 28-37 weeks gestational age and those with complications of preeclampsia.

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Women with chronic hypoparathyroidism have low risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgab503 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sigridur Björnsdottir ◽

Bart Clarke ◽

Outi Mäkitie ◽

Anna Sandström ◽

Eleonor Tiblad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Perinatal Death ◽

Induction Of Labor ◽

Control Group ◽

Drug Register ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Infant Birth ◽

Chronic Hypoparathyroidism

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate pregnancy outcome and total number of births in chronic hypoparathyroidism (hypoPT). Patients The Swedish National Patient Register, The Swedish Prescribed Drug Register, Swedish Medical Birth Register and the Total Population Register were used to identify 97 women with chronic hypoPT and 1030 age-matched controls who delivered 139 and 1577 singleton infants, respectively, following diagnosis between 1997 and 2017. Results Women in the chronic hypoPT group had more frequent diabetes (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared to women in the control group (p=0.043 and p<0.001, respectively). After adjusting for DM, CKD, maternal age at delivery and calendar year of delivery, chronic hypoPT cases were associated with increased risk of induction of labor (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.13-2.94) and giving birth to infants with lower birth weight (β-coefficient -188 g; 95% CI -312.2- -63.8) compared to controls. No difference was found in infant length, small for gestational age or head circumference after adjustments. Mean gestational age at delivery after controlling for DM, CKD and pre-eclampsia, was not significantly younger (p=0.119). There was no difference in congenital malformations or perinatal death. There was no difference in the total number of infants born to women with chronic hypoPT and controls (p=0.518). Conclusion The majority of women with chronic hypoPT had normal pregnancy outcomes, and the overall risks appear to be low. Maternal chronic hypoPT, is however, associated with a higher risk of induction of labor and slightly lower infant birth weight.

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The effect of birth interval on fetal outcomes

Health Renaissance ◽

10.3126/hren.v13i3.17965 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 169-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rajeeb Thapaliya ◽

BK Rai ◽

R Bhandari ◽

P Rijal ◽

PP Gupta

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Birth Interval ◽

Perinatal Death ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fetal Outcomes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Age Range

Background: Perinatal mortality includes both deaths in the first week of life and fetal deaths (stillbirths). Over 130 million babies are born every year, and more than 10 million infants die before their fifth birthday and almost 8 million before their first birthday.Objectives: To make an effort to find out impact of birth interval on fetal outcomes like, low birth weight (weight less than 2500 grams regardless of gestational age), perinatal death (death within 28 weeks of gestation to 7 days of birth) in subsequent pregnancies.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in BPKIHS, Dharan in 2011. Patients included were women of second gravida between age group 20 -35 years .The consecutive convenience sampling method was used to collect the data. Study population was divided into three birth interval groups of <18, 18-59,>59 months respectively and fetal outcomes (low birth weight, gestational age, early neonatal death, Apgar score) were compared.Results: Out of included population majority (55.63%) of the women had age range of 20-25 years with the mean age of 25.30. Among the total 168 who were included 20(11.91%) were belongs to birth interval <18 months, 113(67.26%) were found in 18-59 months group and 35(20.83%) were in >59 months group.Conclusion: There was increased risk of preterm and low birth weight and perinatal death in women with birth interval <18 months as compared to women with birth interval 18-59 months and groups >59 months. Health Renaissance 2015;13(3): 169-176

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Characteristics overview of mother with perinatal death at Dr. Soetomo Hospital in 2015

Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi ◽

10.20473/mog.v24i32016.105-108 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 105

Author(s):

Yulisa Haslinda ◽

Budi Prasetyo

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Perinatal Mortality ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Pregnancy Complications ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Perinatal Death ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Perinatal Deaths ◽

Maternal Characteristic ◽

Characteristic Features

Objectives: to determine the frequency distribution of perinatal mortality and maternal characteristic features in terms of age, parity, gestational age and pregnancy complications in Dr.Soetomo Hospital Surabaya in 2015. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study conducted by collecting data on patients who experienced perinatal mortality of infants born from January to December 2015 in Dr. Soetomo, Hospital Surabaya. Samples were collected using total sampling. The samples must meet the following criteria: mothers of infants with perinatal mortality in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, from January to December 2015.Results: There were 206 perinatal deaths out of 1018 births in Dr. Soetomo during 2015, of which 58% was live birth and 42% was stillbirth. Most of perinatal mortality found in the preterm gestational age as much as 78%, and gestational age 28-<37 weeks (58%). Most of perinatal mortality occured in infants with less than 1500 grams birth weight, which was as much as 53% of all perinatal deaths and infant whose birth weight from1500 to 2500 grams was about 29%. Most perinatal mortality found in multigravida (54%) and in infants whose mothers experienced preeclampsia in pregnancy complications (35%), followed by infant mortality in women with non-obstetric complications (23%).Conclusion: Perinatal mortality in Dr. Soetomo Hospital was mostly found in multigravida mothers, 16-35 years old maternal age, 28-37 weeks gestational age and those with complications of preeclampsia.

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A Clinical study of amniotic fluid index at or beyond 28 weeks of gestation and its relation to perinatal outcome

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20173083 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 3280

Author(s):

Monica Chetani ◽

. Deepika ◽

Santosh Khajotia ◽

Swati Kochar

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Clinical Study ◽

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Perinatal Outcome ◽

Perinatal Death ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Special Unit ◽

Low Birth Weight Babies

Background: Amniotic fluid plays a major role in the development of fetus. It provides a medium in which fetus can readily move, cushions the fetus against injuries, helps to maintain even temperature. Objective of present study was to investigate the perinatal outcome of ultrasonographically detected normal and decreased (Oligohydramnios) amniotic fluid index, at or beyond 28 weeks of gestation.Methods: During this study 200 patients with singleton pregnancy were selected at or beyond 28 weeks of pregnancy and AFI was evaluated. On the basis of AFI measurement patients were divided in two groups. Perinatal outcome in pregnancies with AFI of <5cm were compared with those with normal AFI.Results: There was significant correlation (p<0.001) between oligohyramnios and poor perinatal outcome. Incidence of LSCS, meconium stained liquor and low apgar score has significant correlation in patients with oligohydramnios. Incidence of low birth weight babies, NICU admissions and perinatal death was more were more are more in oligohydramnios cases. This is statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: AFI <5 cm at or beyond 28 weeks of gestational age in an indicator of poor perinatal outcome. AFI measurement in antepartum or intrapartum period can help to identify women who need increased antepartum surveillance for pregnancy complications and such women should be managed in a special unit to combat the complications effectively.

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FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEMATIAN PERINATAL DI RUMAH SAKIT MUHAMMADDIYAH PALEMBANG TAHUN 2013

Jurnal Kebidanan : Jurnal Medical Science Ilmu Kesehatan Akademi Kebidanan Budi Mulia Palembang ◽

10.35325/kebidanan.v5i1.71 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

LENY LENY

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Perinatal Mortality ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Perinatal Death ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Case Control ◽

P Value ◽

Control Study

ABSTRACT [Perinatal mortality is a major problem, especially in developing countries. Approximately 98-99% of perinatal deaths occur in developing countries, while in developed countries only about 1-2%. Contributions perinatal mortality rate in Indonesia is still quite high, and perinatal mortality of 400 per 100,000 live births, or about 200,000 people per year so that the perinatal mortality occurs every 1.2-1.5 minutes. In the Muhammaddiyah hospital Palembang obtained perinatal mortality by the year 2013 as many as 52 cases. Many things that cause perinatal death include birth weight, maternal age, gestational age, mode of delivery and parity. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of birth weight, maternal age, gestational age, mode of delivery and parity simultaneously with perinatal death. This type of research is a case control study conducted retrospectively. The population in this study were all women giving birth in hospital Muhammadiyah Palembang in the year 2013 that berjumlah2565. The study sample totaled 156 respondents. In this study conducted univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyzes. From the analysis we found no association between birth weight to perinatal mortality (P Value 0.000 OR 4.250), no association of maternal age with perinatal mortality (OR 0.05 P Value 2.091), no correlation gestational age with perinatal mortality (OR 0.000 P Value 7.667), no association method of childbirth with perinatal mortality (P Value 1.000 OR 1.043), no parity relationship with perinatal mortality (P Value 0.511 OR 0.744). The most dominant variable is the age of the pregnancy. It is suggested to the leadership of Muhammadiyah hospital Palembang is hoped to be able to further improve health care programs for women giving birth so as to prevent the occurrence of complications during labor which can lead to perinatal mortality and increase the awareness programs on the importance of antenatal care during pregnancy that can detect early complications of pregnancy to facilitate the birth process. ABSTRAK Kematian perinatal merupakan masalah besar khususnya di negara sedang berkembang. Sekitar 98-99 % kasus kematian perinatal terjadi di negara sedang berkembang sedangkan di negara maju hanya sekitar 1-2 %. Kontribusi angka kematian perinatal di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi, yaitu kematian perinatal 400 per 100.000 persalinan hidup atau sekitar 200.000 orang pertahun sehingga kematian perinatal terjadi setiap 1,2-1,5 menit. Di Rumah Sakit Muhammaddiyah Palembang didapatkan kematian perinatal pada tahun 2013 sebanyak 52 kasus. Banyak hal yang menyebabkan kematian perinatal diantaranya berat badan lahir, usia ibu, usia kehamilan, cara persalinan dan paritas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan berat badan lahir, usia ibu, usia kehamilan, cara persalinan dan paritas secara simultan dengan kematian perinatal. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian case control study yang dilakukan secara retrospektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu bersalin di rumah sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang pada Tahun 2013 yang berjumlah2565. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 156 responden. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan ada hubungan antara berat badan lahir dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 0,000 OR 4,250), ada hubungan usia ibu dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 0,05 OR 2,091), ada hubungan usia kehamilan dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 0,000 OR 7,667), tidak ada hubungan cara persalinan dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 1,000 OR 1,043), tidak ada hubungan paritas dengan kematian perinatal (P Value 0,511 OR 0,744). Variabel paling dominan adalah usia kehamilan. Disarankan kepada pimpinan rumah sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang Diharapkan untuk dapat lebih meningkatkan program pelayanan kesehatan kepada ibu bersalin sehingga mencegah terjadinya komplikasi selama persalinan yang dapat menyebabkan kematian perinatal serta meningkatkan program penyuluhan tentang pentingnya pemeriksaan kehamilan selama masa kehamilan yang dapat mendeteksi dini komplikasi kehamilan untuk memperlancar proses persalinan.

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