scholarly journals The use of cervical screening history data to interpret cervical cancer incidence trends

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Clare ◽  
D. Edwards ◽  
H. Bagnall ◽  
P. Pearmain ◽  
G. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
History Data ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Screening History

scholarly journals Regional differences in cervical cancer incidence and associated risk behaviors among Norwegian women: a population-based study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo T. Hansen ◽  
Suzanne Campbell ◽  
Mari Nygård
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
The North ◽  
Screening Coverage

Abstract Background Cervical cancer incidence is influenced by screening and risk factors in the population. The main risk factor for cervical cancer is sexually transmitted human papillomavirus (HPV), which is sexually transmitted and thus associated with sexual behavior. Smoking, parity and hormonal contraceptive use may also be associated with cervical cancer risk. We compared incidence, screening coverage and risk behaviors for cervical cancer between health regions in Norway. Methods We obtained data on incidence of cervical cancer among Norwegian women during 1992–2016 and data on screening coverage from the Cancer Registry of Norway. We obtained data on sexual behavior and smoking from a population-based survey of 16,575 Norwegian women who were 18–45 years old in 2005. Results Cervical cancer incidence was higher in the northern and southeastern region than in the middle and western region (range in incidence per 100,000 person-years during 1992–2016; north: 10.5 to 14.6; southeast: 9.3 to 12.9; mid: 6.8 to 9.5; west: 8.4 to 10.0). The incidence decreased modestly in the north (average annual percentage change (95% confidence interval) − 1.0 (− 1.2 to − 0.7)) and southeast (− 0.7 (− 1.0 to − 0.3)), but did not change significantly in the mid (− 0.3 (− 1.0 to 0.4)) and west (− 0.3 (− 0.6 to 0.0)). Compared to the national average, women in the north had earlier sexual debut, more partners and higher prevalence of ever having had a sexually transmitted infection (STI), while the opposite was observed among women in the west. Women in the middle and southeastern regions tended to be similar to the national average for sexual behaviors. Although less pronounced, the prevalence of smoking showed regional patterns similar to that observed for sexual behaviors, while ever-use of hormonal contraceptives and cervical screening coverage was similar between regions. Conclusions There were regional differences in cervical cancer incidence during the era of nationally organized cervical screening in Norway. To some extent, these differences corresponded to regional differences in risk behavior for cervical cancer in the Norwegian female population.

scholarly journals Impact of screening on cervical cancer incidence in England: a time trend analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e026292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Pesola ◽  
Peter Sasieni
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Cancer Registry Data ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesTo better model underlying trends in cervical cancer incidence so as to model past trends, to estimate the impact of cervical screening on cervical cancer rates at different ages and to obtain a counterfactual baseline under a no-screening scenario.DesignTrend analysis of cancer registry data recorded between 1971 and 2013.SettingEngland.Participants132 493 women aged 20–84 with a diagnosis of cervical cancer.Outcome measureCervical cancer incidence data were modelled using a modified age period cohort model able to capture both increased exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV) as well as changes in the age of exposure to HPV in young cohorts. Observed rates were compared with counterfactual baseline rates under a no-screening scenario to estimate the protective effect of screening.ResultsRates of cervical cancer incidence have been decreasing since the introduction of screening but are projected to increase in the future under the current scenario. Between 1988 and 2013, it was estimated that screening had prevented approximately 65 000 cancers. Moreover, in 2013, the age-standardised rate (ASR) estimated under the no-screening scenario (37.9, 95% CI 37.4 to 38.3) was threefold higher among women aged 20–84 than the observed ASR (12.8, 95% CI 12.3 to 13.3). We estimate that the age of first HPV exposure has decreased by about 1 year every decade since the early 1970s (women born in 1955 onwards).ConclusionsOur results corroborated the importance of screening in preventing cervical cancer and indicated future rates are dependent on age at HPV exposure. Estimated future rates can be used for healthcare planning while the counterfactual baseline to quantify the impact of HPV vaccination in microsimulations.

scholarly journals Prioritizing US Cervical Cancer Prevention With Results From a Geospatial Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan K. Kish ◽  
Alicia I. Rolin ◽  
Zhaohui Zou ◽  
James E. Cucinelli ◽  
Zaria Tatalovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Pap Screening ◽  
Incidence Trends

Purpose To determine if differences in screening and vaccination patterns across the population may accentuate ethnic and geographic variation in future burden of disease. Methods Using Cancer in North America data provided by the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries, county cervical cancer incidence trends from 1995 to 2009 were modeled for the entire United States using ecologic covariates. Rates for health service areas were also modeled by ethnicity. State-level incidence was mapped together with Papanicolaou (Pap) screening, past 3 years (women ≥ 18 years old), and three-dose human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine coverage (girls 13 to 17 years old) to identify potential priority areas for preventive services. Results US cervical cancer incidence decreased more during the periods 1995 to 1999 and 2000 to 2004 than during the period 2005 to 2009. During these 15 years, the most affected areas became increasingly confined to Appalachia, the lower Mississippi Valley, the Deep South, Texas, and Florida. Hispanic and black women experienced a higher incidence of cervical cancer than both white and Asian and Pacific Islander women during each period. Women in 10 of 17 states/districts with a high incidence (≥ 8.14/100,000) reported low Pap testing (< 78.5%), HPV vaccine coverage (< 33.9%), or both prevention technologies. Conclusion The decline in cervical cancer incidence has slowed in recent years. Access to HPV vaccination, targeted screening, and treatment in affected populations is needed to reduce cervical cancer disparities in the future.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Evidence That Excess Body Weight Increases Risk of Cervical Cancer by Decreased Detection of Precancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1184-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan A. Clarke ◽  
Barbara Fetterman ◽  
Li C. Cheung ◽  
Nicolas Wentzensen ◽  
Julia C. Gage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cervical Precancer ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Purpose Obesity has been inconsistently linked to increased cervical cancer incidence and mortality; however, the effect of obesity on cervical screening has not been explored. We investigated the hypothesis that increased body mass might decrease detection of cervical precancer and increase risk of cervical cancer even in women undergoing state-of-the-art screening. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 944,227 women age 30 to 64 years who underwent cytology and human papillomavirus DNA testing (ie, cotesting) at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (January 2003 to December 2015). Body mass index was categorized as normal/underweight (< 25 kg/m2), overweight (25 to < 30 kg/m2), or obese (≥ 30 kg/m2). We estimated 5-year cumulative risks of cervical precancer and cancer by category of body mass index using logistic Weibull survival models. Results We observed lower risk of cervical precancer (n = 4,489) and higher risk of cervical cancer (n = 490) with increasing body mass index. Specifically, obese women had the lowest 5-year risk of precancer (0.51%; 95% CI, 0.48% to 0.54% v 0.73%; 95% CI, 0.70% to 0.76% in normal/underweight women; P trend < .001). In contrast, obese women had the highest 5-year risk of cancer (0.083%; 95% CI, 0.072% to 0.096% v 0.056%; 95% CI, 0.048% to 0.066% in normal/underweight women; P trend < .001). Results were consistent in subgroups defined by age (30 to 49 v 50 to 64 years), human papillomavirus status (positive v negative), and histologic subtype (glandular v squamous). Approximately 20% of cervical cancers could be attributed to overweight or obesity in the women in our study who underwent routine cervical screening. Conclusion In this large, screened population, overweight and obese women had an increased risk of cervical cancer, likely because of underdiagnosis of cervical precancer. Improvements in equipment and/or technique to assure adequate sampling and visualization of women with elevated body mass might reduce cervical cancer incidence.

scholarly journals Increase of cervical cancer incidence in Sweden in relation to screening history: population cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 988-993
Author(s):  
Jiangrong Wang ◽  
Bengt Andrae ◽  
Björn Strander ◽  
Pär Sparén ◽  
Joakim Dillner
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Population Cohort ◽  
Population Cohort Study ◽  
Screening History

scholarly journals Incidence Trends and Burden of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers Among Women in the United States, 2001-2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish A Deshmukh ◽  
Ryan Suk ◽  
Meredith S Shiels ◽  
Haluk Damgacioglu ◽  
Yueh-Yun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
White Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Cancer Burden ◽  
Incidence Trends

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated anal and oropharyngeal cancer incidence has increased in recent years among US women. However, trends in incidence and burden (annual number of cases) of noncervical HPV-associated cancers relative to cervical cancer remain unclear. Using the 2001-2017 US cancer statistics dataset, we evaluated contemporary incidence trends and burden (annual number of cases) of HPV-associated cancers among women by anatomic site, race or ethnicity, and age. Overall, cervical cancer incidence plateaued among White women but continued to decline among Black and Hispanic women. Anal cancer incidence surpassed cervical cancer incidence among White women aged 65-74 years of age (8.6 and 8.2 per 100 000 in 2015) and 75 years or older (6.2 and 6.0 per 100 000 in 2014). The noncervical cancer burden (n  =  11 871) surpassed the cervical cancer burden (n  =  11 527) in 2013. Development of efficacious screening strategies for noncervical cancers and continued improvement in cervical cancer prevention are needed to combat HPV-associated cancers among women.

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