NATURAL RADIUM ISOTOPES PRESENT IN SOME COSMETIC PRODUCTS: DETERMINATION OF ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION AND DOSE ESTIMATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Milena-Pérez ◽  
B R Martínez-Martínez ◽  
E Álvarez ◽  
V M Expósito-Suárez ◽  
F Piñero-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Dose Estimation ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Radium Isotopes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Determination Of Activity

ABSTRACT Since the early days, clays, plant extracts and raw materials have been used for therapeutic and beauty purposes. Nowadays, this use is widely spread, as a huge amount of companies have developed new cosmetics based on natural sources. This may lead to an accumulation of radionuclides that can be hazardous for people. Especially dangerous are radium isotopes (226,228Ra), which can be part of the raw materials that cosmetics are made from. In this paper, the concentration of radium isotopes of 18 natural cosmetics was determined. Concentrations resulted in the range 7.9 ± 5.0–37.6 ± 12.5 Bq kg−1 for 226Ra; and 2.5 ± 1.7–35.4 ± 2.6 Bq kg−1 for 228Ra. The effective dose in the skin has been estimated, obtaining a mean value of 13.1 ± 4.9 μSv y−1. This value is far from the reference level of 50 mSv y−1 for the public members. Therefore, no radiological risk derived from the use of these samples, has been found.

scholarly journals Influence of natural radium contamination of barium chloride on the determination of radium isotopes in the water samples using α/β liquid scintillation spectrometry

Nukleonika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-471
Author(s):  
Chau Nguyen ◽  
Magdalena Czechowska ◽  
Jakub Nowak ◽  
Paweł Jodłowski
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Barium Chloride ◽  
Counting Method ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Radium Isotopes ◽  
Chemical Companies ◽  
Chemical Procedure

Abstract The determination of radium isotopes in drinking water by liquid scintillation technique requires some reagents that are used for separating radium from water samples. One of the main reagents is BaCl2·H2O. This paper presents the study of this compound and shows that barium chloride reagent is naturally contaminated with226Ra. The 226Ra activity concentration in BaCl2·H2O reagent produced by chemical companies from Poland and other countries is equal to a few dozen Bq/kg. Furthermore, 14 mL of 0.10 M BaCl2·H2O solution is the optimum amount which should be used for the chemical procedure. At the optimum amount of barium chloride and 2-hour measurement, the detection limit of 226Ra and 228Ra of the liquid scintillation counting method is equal to 5 and 30 mBq per sample, respectively.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE URANIUM CONTENT IN SOME SOIL SAMPLES FROM AJAOKUTA, KOGI STATE: NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 252-258
Author(s):  
Aruwa Arome ◽  
Philibus Musa Gyuk ◽  
Achor Mathias Ogwo ◽  
Isah Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Pulse Height ◽  
Uranium Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Pulse Height Analyzer ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Good Agreement

This work present the Uranium (238U) content in soil samples collected in Ajaokuta from some villages was been determined. The measurement of the soil Uranium activity concentration were made using a multi–channel pulse height analyzer (Camberra series 10 plus) coupled to a 76.2mm x 76.2mm NaI (TI) scintillation detector. 2.93)The mean Uranium content in the analyzed samples was found to be (44.26 Bq/kg which is higher than the world mean value of 35Bq/kg. The results were in good agreement with others for soils from region which is considered as normal or slightly high in radioactivity level.

Intraoral and dental panoramic imaging: A diagnostic reference level study comparing radiation dose using two dosimeters in Saudi Arabia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Saeed ◽  
A.A.M. Asiri ◽  
Q.S. Alhamami ◽  
K. Alshamrani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Dose Area Product ◽  
The Public ◽  
Panoramic Imaging ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Area Product

The purpose of this study was to determine local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for patients undergoing intraoral and panoramic dental examinations at the intraoral radiology units of the public hospitals in Najran, Saudi Arabia. DRLs were determined based on measurements of dose area product (DAP) at intraoral and dental panoramic radiology units. This study has covered over 47% of the public hospitals in Najran with the intention to establish the local DRLs for all the possible intraoral and panoramic X-ray examinations for children and adults. For intraoral, the values for the estimated DAP ranged from 6 to 70 mGy.cm2 (average: 27.6, 29.8, 39.9 and 39.6 mGy.cm2 for incisive, both premolar and canine, molar upper and lower jaw, respectively). For panoramic, the mean value of DAP is 61.5 and 89.8 mGy.cm2 for paediatric and adult patients, respectively. DRLs were established at the 3rd quartile for incisive, both premolar and canine, molar upper and lower jaw protocols are 29.2, 37.1, 50.2 and 50.1 mGy.cm2, respectively. Furthermore, DRLs for panoramic radiography for paediatric and adult patients are 72.7 and 92.3 mGy.cm2, respectively. The proposed DRLs were comparable to those previously reported in other countries, such as UK and India.

Determination of Activity Concentration Levels of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in Drinking Water in a Gold Mine in Ghana

2010 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. S149-S153
Author(s):  
A. R. Awudu ◽  
E. O. Darko ◽  
C. Schandorf ◽  
E. K. Hayford ◽  
M. K. Abekoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Determination Of Activity ◽  
Concentration Levels

Detection of Circulating Tissue Factor and Factor VII in a Normal Population

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 772-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille Albrecht ◽  
Matthias Kotzsch ◽  
Gabriele Siegert ◽  
Thomas Luther ◽  
Heinz Großmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

SummaryThe plasma tissue factor (TF) concentration was correlated to factor VII concentration (FVIIag) and factor VII activity (FVIIc) in 498 healthy volunteers ranging in age from 17 to 64 years. Immunoassays using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed for the determination of TF and FVIIag in plasma. The mAbs and the test systems were characterized. The mean value of the TF concentration was 172 ± 135 pg/ml. TF showed no age- and gender-related differences. For the total population, FVIIc, determined by a clotting test, was 110 ± 15% and the factor VIlag was 0.77 ± 0.19 μg/ml. FVII activity was significantly increased with age, whereas the concentration demonstrated no correlation to age in this population. FVII concentration is highly correlated with the activity as measured by clotting assay using rabbit thromboplastin. The ratio between FVIIc and FVIIag was not age-dependent, but demonstrated a significant difference between men and women. Between TF and FVII we could not detect a correlation.

Determination of Plasminogen in Clots and Thrombi

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 038-050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Hedner ◽  
Inga Marie Nilsson ◽  
B Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Main Mechanism ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Digestion Time ◽  
Normal Volunteers ◽  
Casein Solution ◽  
The Mean

SummaryThe plasminogen content was determined by a casein method in plasma and serum from 20 normal volunteers. The mean plasminogen content was found to be 10.1 ACU (the arbitrary caseinolytic unit defined in such a way that using a 3% casein solution and a digestion time of 20 min. at 37°C, 10 ACU gave an extinction of 0.300). No difference between serum and plasma regarding the plasminogen content was found.Plasminogen was determined in drained and drained plus washed clots prepared from 2 ml plasma. The highest values found in the drained clots were 0.9 ACU/clot and 0.2 ACU/clot in the drained plus washed clots.Plasminogen was also determined in drained and drained plus washed clots prepared from plasma with added purified plasminogen. The plasminogen was recovered in the washing fluid. According to these tests, then, purified added plasminogen is washed out of the clots.The plasminogen content of 20 thrombi obtained post mortem was also determined. The mean value was found to be 0.7 ACU/cm thrombus. Judging from our results, the “intrinsic clot lysis theory” is not the main mechanism of clot dissolution.

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