T88. VALIDATION OF THE KOREAN VERSION OF THE 15-ITEM COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHIC EXPERIENCES (CAPE-15) IN A COLLEGE POPULATION

Abstract Background The Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-Positive 15-items scale (CAPE-15) is another brief, valid screening tool used to identify people at high risk of psychosis in the community. This study examined the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the CAPE-15 in university students. Methods This study had two stages: initial screening with self-report questionnaires including the CAPE-15, and semi-structured interviews to investigate the instrument’s diagnostic validity. The initial screening involved 1,749 college students. The modified Korean version of Prodromal Questionnaire-16 item (mKPQ-16) was also administered. The criteria for ultra-high risk (UHR) of psychosis in the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) were the gold standard for diagnosis. Results Twelve of the interviewed subjects met the CAARMS criteria for UHR of psychosis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was highest (0.936) for the CAPE-15 distress score (p<0.001). The use of 6 as the cutoff for the CAPE-15 distress score resulted in the best balance of sensitivity (91.7%) and specificity (85.2%), with a favorable positive predictive value of 32.4%. The coefficients of correlation between the CAPE-15 and mKPQ-16 were significant. Discussion This study showed that the CAPE-15 is a good screening instrument for use in community and school settings. In particular, the better validity of the CAPE-15 suggests that it is a promising alternative to other brief self-report screening tools that are currently used to detect UHR. This validation of a questionnaire with a small number of items may make it feasible to screen large numbers of young adults in the community and shorten the duration of untreated psychosis through prompt early intervention.

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Validation of the Korean Version of the 15-Item Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences in a College Population

Psychiatry Investigation ◽

10.30773/pi.2019.0215 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 306-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sung-Wan Kim ◽

Jae-Kyeong Kim ◽

Ji Hun Han ◽

Min Jhon ◽

Ju-Wan Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Characteristic Curve ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Mental States ◽

Self Report ◽

Initial Screening ◽

Community Assessment ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Korean Version ◽

Distress Score ◽

College Population

Objective To investigate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-15 item positive scale (CAPE-15) in college students.Methods This study had two stages: initial screening with self-report questionnaires including the CAPE-15, and semi-structured interviews to investigate the instrument’s diagnostic validity. The initial screening involved 1,749 college students. The modified Korean version of Prodromal Questionnaire-16 item (mKPQ-16) was also administered. The criteria for ultra-high risk (UHR) of psychosis in the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS) were the gold standard for diagnosis.Results Twelve of the interviewed subjects met the CAARMS criteria for UHR of psychosis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was highest (0.936) for the CAPE-15 distress score (p<0.001). The use of 6 as the cutoff for the CAPE-15 distress score resulted in the best balance of sensitivity (91.7%) and specificity (85.2%), with a favorable positive predictive value of 32.4%. The coefficients of correlation between the CAPE-15 and mKPQ-16 were significant.Conclusion The Korean version of the CAPE-15 is a good instrument for screening for psychosis risk in collegiate settings. The validation of this scale could contribute to the early identification of psychosis in the Korean community.

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Clinical Factors Associated With Successful Gastrostomy Tube Weaning in Patients With Prolonged Dysphagia After Stroke

Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.5535/arm.20149 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 33-41

Author(s):

Bo Seong Jang ◽

Jun Young Park ◽

Jae Hyun Lee ◽

Young Joo Sim ◽

Ho Joong Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Gastrostomy Tube ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Swallowing Function ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Korean Version ◽

Tube Weaning

Objective To investigate the clinical factors associated with successful gastrostomy tube weaning in patients with prolonged dysphagia after stroke.Methods This study involved a retrospective medical chart review of patients diagnosed with prolonged dysphagia after stroke who underwent gastrostomy tube insertion between May 2013 and January 2020. Forty-seven patients were enrolled and consequently divided into gastrostomy tube sustaining and weaning groups. The numbers of patients in the sustaining and weaning groups were 31 and 16, respectively. The patients’ demographic data, Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) score, Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), Functional Dysphagia Scale (FDS) score, and Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) score were compared between the two groups. A videofluoroscopic swallowing study was performed before making the decision of gastrostomy tube weaning. The clinical factors associated with gastrostomy tube weaning were then investigated.Results There were significant differences in age; history of aspiration pneumonia; K-MMSE, FDS, and PAS scores; and K-MBI between the groups. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the FDS (odds ratio [OR]=0.791; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.634–0.987) and PAS scores (OR=0.205; 95% CI, 0.059–0.718) were associated with successful gastrostomy tube weaning. In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the FDS and PAS were useful screening tools for successful weaning, with areas under the curve of 0.911 and 0.918, respectively.Conclusion In patients with prolonged dysphagia, the FDS and PAS scores are the only factors associated with successful gastrostomy tube weaning. An evaluation of the swallowing function is necessary before deciding to initiate gastrostomy tube weaning.

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Getting Black Men to Undergo Prostate Cancer Screening

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988314546491 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 385-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Lorraine T. Dean ◽

S. V. Subramanian ◽

David R. Williams ◽

Katrina Armstrong ◽

Camille Zubrinsky Charles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Social Capital ◽

High Risk ◽

Black Men ◽

African American Men ◽

Self Report ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Psa Test ◽

Psa Testing ◽

Screening Behaviors

Despite higher rates of prostate cancer–related mortality and later stage of prostate cancer diagnosis, Black/African American men are significantly less likely than non-Hispanic White men to use early detection screening tools, like prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing for prostate cancer. Lower screening rates may be due, in part, to controversy over the value of prostate cancer screenings as part of routine preventive care for men, but Black men represent a high-risk group for prostate cancer that may still benefit from PSA testing. Exploring the role of social factors that might be associated with PSA testing can increase knowledge of what might promote screening behaviors for prostate cancer and other health conditions for which Black men are at high risk. Using multilevel logistic regression, this study analyzed self-report lifetime use of PSA test for 829 Black men older than 45 years across 381 Philadelphia census tracts. This study included individual demographic and aggregated social capital data from the Public Health Management Corporation’s 2004, 2006, and 2008 waves of the Community Health Database, and sociodemographic characteristics from the 2000 U.S. Census. Each unit increase in community participation was associated with a 3 to 3.5 times greater likelihood of having had a PSA test (odds ratio = 3.35). Findings suggest that structural forms of social capital may play a role in screening behaviors for Black men in Philadelphia. A better understanding of the mechanism underlying the link between social capital and screening behaviors can inform how researchers and interventionists develop tools to promote screening for those who need it.

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Interactions between hippocampal activity and striatal dopamine in people at clinical high risk for psychosis: relationship to adverse outcomes

Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1038/s41386-021-01019-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gemma Modinos ◽

Anja Richter ◽

Alice Egerton ◽

Ilaria Bonoldi ◽

Matilda Azis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Functional Outcomes ◽

Mental States ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Striatal Dopamine ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Dopamine Synthesis ◽

Clinical High Risk ◽

Hippocampal Activity ◽

The Relationship

AbstractPreclinical models propose that increased hippocampal activity drives subcortical dopaminergic dysfunction and leads to psychosis-like symptoms and behaviors. Here, we used multimodal neuroimaging to examine the relationship between hippocampal regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in people at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and investigated its association with subsequent clinical and functional outcomes. Ninety-five participants (67 CHR and 28 healthy controls) underwent arterial spin labeling MRI and 18F-DOPA PET imaging at baseline. CHR participants were followed up for a median of 15 months to determine functional outcomes with the global assessment of function (GAF) scale and clinical outcomes using the comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental states (CAARMS). CHR participants with poor functional outcomes (follow-up GAF < 65, n = 25) showed higher rCBF in the right hippocampus compared to CHRs with good functional outcomes (GAF ≥ 65, n = 25) (pfwe = 0.026). The relationship between rCBF in this right hippocampal region and striatal dopamine synthesis capacity was also significantly different between groups (pfwe = 0.035); the association was negative in CHR with poor outcomes (pfwe = 0.012), but non-significant in CHR with good outcomes. Furthermore, the correlation between right hippocampal rCBF and striatal dopamine function predicted a longitudinal increase in the severity of positive psychotic symptoms within the total CHR group (p = 0.041). There were no differences in rCBF, dopamine, or their associations in the total CHR group relative to controls. These findings indicate that altered interactions between the hippocampus and the subcortical dopamine system are implicated in the pathophysiology of adverse outcomes in the CHR state.

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Validation of the Berlin Questionnaire and American Society of Anesthesiologists Checklist as Screening Tools for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Surgical Patients

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0b013e31816d91b5 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 108 (5) ◽

pp. 822-830 ◽

Cited By ~ 302

Author(s):

Frances Chung ◽

Balaji Yegneswaran ◽

Pu Liao ◽

Sharon A. Chung ◽

Santhira Vairavanathan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

High Risk ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Surgical Patients ◽

Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽

Berlin Questionnaire ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

American Society ◽

American Society Of Anesthesiologists ◽

Stop Questionnaire

Background Because of the high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its adverse impact on perioperative outcome, a practical screening tool for surgical patients is required. This study was conducted to validate the Berlin questionnaire and the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) checklist in surgical patients and to compare them with the STOP questionnaire. Methods After hospital ethics approval, preoperative patients aged 18 yr or older and without previously diagnosed OSA were recruited. The scores from the Berlin questionnaire, ASA checklist, and STOP questionnaire were evaluated versus the apnea-hypopnea index from in-laboratory polysomnography. The perioperative data were collected through chart review. Results Of 2,467 screened patients, 33, 27, and 28% were respectively classified as being at high risk of OSA by the Berlin questionnaire, ASA checklist, and STOP questionnaire. The performance of the screening tools was evaluated in 177 patients who underwent polysomnography. The sensitivities of the Berlin questionnaire, ASA checklist, and STOP questionnaire were 68.9-87.2, 72.1-87.2, and 65.6-79.5% at different apnea-hypopnea index cutoffs. There was no significant difference between the three screening tools in the predictive parameters. The patients with an apnea-hypopnea index greater than 5 and the patients identified as being at high risk of OSA by the STOP questionnaire or ASA checklist had a significantly increased incidence of postoperative complications. Conclusions Similar to the STOP questionnaire, the Berlin questionnaire and ASA checklist demonstrated a moderately high level of sensitivity for OSA screening. The STOP questionnaire and the ASA checklist were able to identify the patients who were likely to develop postoperative complications.

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Diagnostic utility of alarm features in predicting malignancy in patients with dyspeptic symptoms

Indian Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1007/s12664-021-01155-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anurag Shetty ◽

Girisha Balaraju ◽

Shiran Shetty ◽

Cannanore Ganesh Pai

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Abdominal Mass ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Disease Epidemiology ◽

Dyspeptic Symptoms ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

Alarm Features ◽

Gastric Malignancy

Abstract Background Clinical features are of modest benefit in determining the etiology of dyspepsia. Dyspeptic patients with alarm features are suspected to have malignancy; but the proportions of patients and true cutoff values of various quantitative parameters in predicting malignancy are explored to a lesser extent. Methods This is a prospective observational study of consecutive patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for dyspeptic symptoms. Patients’ alarm features and clinical details were recorded in a predesigned questionnaire. The diagnostic accuracy of alarm features in predicting malignancy was studied. Results Nine hundred patients, 678 (75.3%) males, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 44.6 (13.54) years were enrolled. Commonest indication for EGD was epigastric pain in 614 (68.2%) patients. Dyspepsia was functional in 311 (34.6%) patients. EGD revealed benign lesions in 340 (37.8%) and malignancy in 50 (5.5%) patients. Among the malignant lesions, gastric malignancy was present in 28 (56%) and esophageal malignancy in 20 (40%) patients. Alarm features were present in 206 (22.9%), out of which malignant lesions were seen in 46 (22.3%) patients. Altogether, the alarm features had a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 81.2% for predicting malignancy. The sensitivity and specificity for weight loss were 76% and 90.8%, while that of abdominal mass were 10% and 99.9% respectively. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve, the optimal age for screening of malignancy was 46.5 years in this population. Conclusions Patients of age group 40 to 49 years with dyspeptic alarm symptoms (predominant weight loss) need prompt endoscopy to screen for malignancy. The alarm features are inexpensive screening tools, found to be useful in India, and should be utilized in countries with similar healthcare conditions and disease epidemiology.

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Sernbo score predicts survival after intracapsular hip fracture in the elderly

Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England ◽

10.1308/003588413x13511609954653 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 29-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

EJC Dawe ◽

E Lindisfarne ◽

T Singh ◽

I McFadyen ◽

P Stott

Keyword(s):

Hip Fracture ◽

High Risk ◽

Risk Group ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Social Situation ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Low Risk ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Intracapsular Hip Fracture ◽

The Mean

Introduction The Sernbo score uses four factors (age, social situation, mobility and mental state) to divide patients into a high-risk and a low-risk group. This study sought to assess the use of the Sernbo score in predicting mortality after an intracapsular hip fracture. Methods A total of 259 patients with displaced intracapsular hip fractures were included in the study. Data from prospectively generated databases provided 22 descriptive variables for each patient. These included operative management, blood tests and co-mobidities. Multivariate analysis was used to identify significant predictors of mortality. Results The mean patient age was 85 years and the mean follow-up duration was 1.5 years. The one-year survival rate was 92% (±0.03) in the low-risk group and 65% (±0.046) in the high-risk group. Four variables predicted mortality: Sernbo score >15 (p=0.0023), blood creatinine (p=0.0026), ASA (American Society of Anaesthesiologists) grade >3 (p=0.0038) and non-operative treatment (p=0.0377). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed the Sernbo score as the only predictor of 30-day mortality (area under curve 0.71 [0.65–0.76]). The score had a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 51% for prediction of death at 30 days. Conclusions The Sernbo score identifies patients at high risk of death in the 30 days following injury. This very simple score could be used to direct extra early multidisciplinary input to high-risk patients on admission with an intracapsular hip fracture.

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Selection of women at high risk of breast cancer for initial screening

Journal of Chronic Diseases ◽

10.1016/0021-9681(86)90047-0 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 253-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Martin T. Schechter ◽

Anthony B. Miller ◽

Cornelia J. Baines ◽

Geoffrey R. Howe

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Initial Screening ◽

Selection Of

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Intergrating injury screening with measurement and monitoring: a conceptual approach using a patient global assessment of the body and limbs scale

South African Journal of Physiotherapy ◽

10.4102/sajp.v62i4.159 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Gabel ◽

L. Bardin ◽

B. Burkett ◽

A. Neller

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measures ◽

Global Assessment ◽

Practical Method ◽

The Body ◽

Self Report ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Chronic Patients ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Scale Scores ◽

Injury Screening

Purpose: To develop a conceptual model for patients withmusculoskeletal injuries that relates Injury Screening to Measurement and Monitoring (ISMAM). Screening scores would predict quantifiable outcomes on a proposed Global Assessment of Body And Limbs (GABAL) composite scale. The scale would define status as a percentage of pre-injury capacity using quantitative and qualitative self report outcome measures combined with work and life status data. Background: Screening questionnaires use psychosocial yellow flags and activity limitation to identify potential chronic patients. Outcome measures provide clinical evidence by establishing patient status and assessing intervening change. Independently developed,definitive statistical links between these established concepts are yet to be determined. Description: The ISMAM components are integrated using a graph of time versus score on the GABAL-scale with initial screening predicting recovery time to a designated pre-injury percentage level. Actual status would be assessed through initial then subsequent sequential measurements with GABAL-scale scores enabling trendline analysis to verify if the rate of actual recovery coincides with that predicted by screening. Observations: Face and content validity are apparent because validated screening tools are available and the requiredcomponents for the GABAL-scale would be existing validated outcome measures and quantifiable data.Conclusions: This model should provide a practical method of integrating screening and global measurement thatfacilitates communication across agencies and professions. A clinical research trial to validate the ISMAM concepthas been initiated.

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