scholarly journals M118. FACTOR STRUCTURE OF THE CLINICIAN-RATED DIMENSION OF PSYCHOSIS SYMPTOM SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY PSYCHOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S180-S180
Author(s):  
Kyuyoung Lee ◽  
Yong Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Impaired Cognition ◽  
Dimensional Assessment

Abstract Background The early psychosis is classically viewed as a critical period. Schizophrenia subtypes which had been used to describe heterogeneity of the disease were discarded with the release of DSM-5 because of the lack of their clinical significance. DSM-5 has proposed the use of the Clinician-Rated Dimension of Psychosis Symptom Severity (CRDPSS) for evaluating the various symptoms of schizophrenia. The 8-domain CRDPSS was developed from the perspective of deconstructing the psychopathology of schizophrenia and would be expected to provide baseline data for further advances in psychiatric nosology. To our knowledge, despite these discussions, the dimensional structure of the CRDPSS has hardly been studied in the patients with early psychosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure categorizing the items of dimensional assessment through factor analysis in patients with early psychosis. Methods The subjects were 497 patients with early psychosis who were enrolled in the Korean Early Psychosis Cohort Study. They were between ≥18 years and ≤45 years of age who fulfill the criteria of DSM-5 for schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. In KEPS, early psychosis was defined the patients whose duration of treatment were within 2 years. The proportion of males was 41.9% and their mean age and age at onset were 28.7(SD=8.9) and 26.8(SD=9.1) years, respectively. An exploratory factor analysis(EFA) was conducted on the 8 items of dimensional assessment of psychosis in DSM-5 with principle components extracted by the varimax method. Results An exploratory factor analysis(EFA) was conducted on the items of dimensional assessment of psychosis in DSM-5 with principle components extracted by the varimax method. Two factors were identified which were labeled as ‘psychotic’ and ‘deficit’ domain. The first factor included delusions (loading=0.834, communality=0.697), hallucinations(loading=0.800, communality=0.640), disorganization(loading=0.654, communality=0.642), and abnormal psychomotor behavior(loading=0.677, communality=0.549). The second factor included negative symptoms(loading=0.833, communality=0.703) and impaired cognition(loading=0.827, communality=0.697). Depression and mania were excluded in factor analysis due to statistical incompatibility such as lack of communality less than 0.4. Bartlett’s test for sphericity was significant (χ2 =817.996, p<0.001), and the total variance of the factor solution was 65.452%. Discussion Two factors were identified which were labeled as ‘psychotic’ and ‘deficit’ domain. The first factor included delusions, hallucinations, disorganization and abnormal psychomotor behavior. The second factor included negative symptoms and impaired cognition. To our knowledge, this study is the first attempt to analyze the early psychosis patients using the dimensional assessment of psychosis in DSM-5, and it would be meaningful to follow up the course with the cohort.

scholarly journals M95. DSM-5 CLINICIAN-RATED DIMENSIONS OF PSYCHOSIS SYMPTOM SEVERITY: PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S170-S171
Author(s):  
Edith Liemburg ◽  
Fokko Nienhuis ◽  
Wim Veling
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Impaired Cognition

Abstract Background In DSM-5, a number of “emerging measures” are included for further research and clinical evaluation. These patient assessment measures were developed to be administered at the initial patient interview and to monitor treatment progress. One of these instruments is the Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity (CRDPSS). Using this instrument, a clinician can rate the severity of eight symptom dimensions of psychotic disorders. The psychometric properties and the applicability of the instrument in clinical practice have not yet been investigated. The current study aims to investigate the internal consistency, factor structure and external validity with other assessment instruments. Methods The CRDPSS measures eight symptom dimensions, namely Hallucinations, Delusions, Disorganized speech, Abnormal psychomotor behavior, Negative Symptoms, Impaired Cognition, Depression and Mania. Items are scored on a five-point scale ranging from “Not present” to “Present and Severe”. This interview has been applied in the Psychosis Recent Onset GRoningen Survey (PROGR-S), a diagnostic protocol for patients with a suspected recent-onset psychotic disorder (n = 164 in the current analysis). Besides the CRDPSS, scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Health of Nations Outcome Measure (HoNOS), the Mongomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Cambridge Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and mini-Structural Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (mini-SCAN) were used for current analyses. The Crohnbach Alpha was calculated to investigate internal consistency, exploratory factor analysis was applied, and the convergent validity was investigated by calculating non-parametric correlations of the CRDPSS with similar items or subscales of the other instruments. Results The Cronbach’s alpha of the CRDPSS was 0.36, indicating low internal consistency. Factor analysis resulted in three Factors: 1. Delusions/Mania, 2. Abnormal psychomotor behavior/Negative Symptoms/Impaired cognition, 3. Hallucinations/Depression. For hallucinations, Delusions, and Depression a Kendall’s tau of 0.35 – 0.45 was observed with the other instrument scores and for Impaired cognition tau = 0.6, indicating a weak to moderate association. Negative symptoms resulted in tau < 0.2 and for the other instruments tau < 0.1, but in these cases the measure of the other instruments was of questionable quality. Discussion The internal consistency of the CRDPSS was poor and factor analysis resulted in factors that differed to some extent from previous findings. Moreover, the convergent validity with other instruments was poor to moderate. In conclusion, based on first analyses the reliability and clinical applicability of the CRDPSS appears limited. Future studies should investigate inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, use more optimal measures to investigate convergent validity and use larger samples.

Benin Groundnut Producers’ Perceptions, Awareness and Action about Aflatoxin

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
C.M. Jolly ◽  
S. Vodouhe ◽  
B. Bayard ◽  
P.E. Jolly ◽  
J.T. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Belief Model

ABSTRACT Aflatoxin (AF) contamination of groundnut poses a serious health and economic threat to Benin market participants. However, most farmers are unaware of the problem. A study of 182 farmers was conducted in 2002 using a Health Belief Model (HBM) to examine Benin farmers’ health beliefs, perception constructs of awareness, susceptibility, seriousness of the problem, barriers, and benefits derived from reducing AF levels. Exploratory Factor Analysis was employed to evaluate the HBM model constructs. The average age of farmers was 40.4 years with a Standard Deviation (SD) of 10.8, and farmers had an average of 18.32 years of farming experience. Approximately 93% of farmers stated that sorting of groundnuts was important or very important, while 77% thought that they were sure or definitely sure of the negative effects of AF on human health. The exploratory factor analysis revealed that two factors embodied the susceptibility, barrier and benefit constructs. The study results indicated that the reduction of AF in groundnuts was multidimensional and required policy intervention to increase awareness of the health risks, and to manipulate the factors that influenced the constructs at the farm and policy level.

Theoretical and Operational Consideration of Mindfulness, Resilience, and Resourcefulness

2020 ◽  
pp. 019394592095668
Author(s):  
Carol M. Musil ◽  
McKenzie K. Wallace ◽  
Alexandra B. Jeanblanc ◽  
Valerie B. Toly ◽  
Jaclene A. Zauszniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Two Factors

Mindfulness, resilience, and resourcefulness are theoretically distinct but related constructs critical for improving psychosocial well-being outcomes for informal caregivers and others. Our aims were to evaluate the theoretical and operational distinctions among these constructs. Measures of mindfulness (Decentering Scale), resilience (Connor-Davidson Scale) and resourcefulness (Resourcefulness Scale) were collected from a national sample of 348 grandmother caregivers. We conducted exploratory factor analysis and examined correlation patterns. Inter-correlations ranged from r= .26 (resourcefulness and resilience) to r= .73 (resilience and mindfulness). Factor analyses and scree plots indicated unidimensional factors for resilience and for mindfulness, and two factors for resourcefulness (personal and social). When items from all measures were analyzed together, the four factors remained. Distinct relationships were found between mindfulness, resilience, and resourcefulness with relevant external variables. Our results support the conceptual distinctions among the constructs, providing support for interventions targeting these constructs to improve psychosocial outcomes in caregivers.

The School-Wide Cultural Competence Observation Checklist for School Counselors: An Exploratory Factor Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2156759X0801100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Nelson ◽  
Rebecca M. Bustamante ◽  
Eric D. Wilson ◽  
Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
School Counseling ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Counseling Program ◽  
School Counseling Program ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Cultural Competence Assessment ◽  
Diverse Groups

This study was designed to assess the (score) construct-related validity of an instrument called the School-Wide Cultural Competence Observation Checklist (SCCOC). The instrument was developed to use as a tool in conducting culture audits as a means of assessing school-wide cultural competence, or how well a school's programs, policies, and practices reflect the perspectives and experiences of diverse groups. An exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the factor structure of the SCCOC. Results revealed that the SCCOC contained two factors that explained 72.1% of the total variance. These factors, called Policy (22 items) and Practice (11 items), yielded score reliability coefficients of .97 and .89, respectively. Recommendations for incorporating a school-wide cultural competence assessment as part of a school counseling program are then discussed.

scholarly journals Escala de Comunicación autopercibida en la relación de pareja (CARP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-322
Author(s):  
Maria-Teresa Iglesias-García ◽  
Antonio Urbano-Contreras ◽  
Raquel-Amaya Martínez-González
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Couple Relationship ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Two Factors

Este estudio busca construir y validar la Escala de Comunicación autopercibida en la relación de pareja (CARP) con el fin de ofrecer un instrumento sencillo y útil. Participaron 620 personas que mantenían una relación de pareja. Para estudiar la estructura factorial de la escala se dividió aleatoriamente la muestra en dos submuestras, realizándose una validación cruzada mediante análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC). Asimismo, para comprobar que el modelo se mantenía estable al tener en cuenta la variable sexo, se repitió el análisis factorial confirmatorio con las submuestras de mujeres y de hombres y se aplicó un AFC Multigrupo para comprobar la invarianza factorial en función de esta variable. Se ha obtenido una escala de 8 ítems constituida por dos factores que explican el 46.6% de la varianza y que presenta una buena fiabilidad (α = .75), comprobándose la invarianza estricta en función del sexo. Esta escala puede ser útil en el campo de la detección, prevención e intervención en situaciones de conflicto entre la pareja. This study aims to design and validate the Scale of Self-perceived Communication in the Couple Relationship (SCCR) in order to provide a straightforward and useful instrument. 620 persons who were in a couple relationship took part in this study. The sample was divided randomly into two subsamples to study the factor structure of the scale, carrying out a cross-validation by using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Also, and to verify that the model remained stable taking account of the variable gender, the confirmatory factor analysis was repeated with the women and men subsamples, and a multigroup CFA was carried out to check the factor invariance according to this variable An 8-items scale was obtained, made up with two factors explaining 46.6% of the variance who also reported a good reliability (α = .75), testing the strict invariance according to the gender. This scale might be useful in the field of detection, prevention and intervention of conflict situations in the couple relationship.

Does restaurant performance meet customers' expectations? An assessment of restaurant service quality using a modified DINESERV approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-195
Author(s):  
Suzana Marković ◽  
Sanja Raspor ◽  
Klaudio Šegarić
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Two Factors

The purpose of this study is to determine restaurant service quality. The aims are to: (a) assess customers’ expectations and perceptions, (b) establish the significance of difference between perceived and expected service quality, (c) identify the number of dimensions for expectations and perceptions scales of modified DINESERV model, (d) test the reliability of the applied DINESERV model. The empirical research was conducted using primary data. The questionnaire is based on Stevens et al. (1995) and Andaleeb and Conway’s (2006) research. In order to meet survey goals, descriptive, bivariate and multivariate (exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis) statistical analyses were conducted. The empirical results show that expectations scores are higher than perceptions scores, which indicate low level of service quality. Furthermore, this study identified seven factors that best explain customers’ expectations and two factors that best explain customers’ perceptions regarding restaurant service. The results of this study would help management identify the strengths and weaknesses of service quality and implement an effective strategy to meet the customers’ expectations.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of positive and negative symptoms through the illness course: an fMRI study in early psychosis and chronic schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy D. Vanes ◽  
Elias Mouchlianitis ◽  
Krisna Patel ◽  
Erica Barry ◽  
Katie Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Abstract Psychotic illness is associated with cognitive control deficits and abnormal recruitment of neural circuits subserving cognitive control. It is unclear to what extent this dysfunction underlies the development and/or maintenance of positive and negative symptoms typically observed in schizophrenia. In this study we compared fMRI activation on a standard Stroop task and its relationship with positive and negative symptoms in early psychosis (EP, N = 88) and chronic schizophrenia (CHR-SZ, N = 38) patients. CHR-SZ patients showed reduced frontal, striatal, and parietal activation across incongruent and congruent trials compared to EP patients. Higher positive symptom severity was associated with reduced activation across both trial types in supplementary motor area (SMA), middle temporal gyrus and cerebellum in EP, but not CHR-SZ patients. Higher negative symptom severity was associated with reduced cerebellar activation in EP, but not in CHR-SZ patients. A negative correlation between negative symptoms and activation in SMA and precentral gyrus was observed in EP patients and in CHR-SZ patients. The results suggest that the neural substrate of positive symptoms changes with illness chronicity, and that cognitive control related neural circuits may be most relevant in the initial development phase of positive symptoms. These findings also highlight a changing role for the cerebellum in the development and later maintenance of both positive and negative symptoms.

scholarly journals The Effect of Grandparents’ Co-parenting on Young Children’s Personality and Adaptation: Chinese Three-generation-families

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Sun ◽  
Na Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Attachment Relationship ◽  
Child Attachment ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Preoccupied Attachment

Due to the prevalence of grandparents’ co-parenting of children in China, this study aimed to examine its influence on young children's personality and adaptation. With the cooperation of a kindergarten in Shanghai, 530 parents of children 3-6 years of age were invited to answer the questionnaire after giving their consent, and 422 of the questionnaires were effective. Three factors were extracted by Exploratory Factor Analysis for children's temperament: Fearfulness in Strange Situations (FS), Intensity of Reaction (IR) and Pro-social Activity (PA). Two factors were examined for children’s adaptation: Separation Anxiety in attending kindergarten (SA) and Anxious Preoccupied Attachment (APA, one of the insecure types for parent-child attachment relationship). The results show that the children raised by only parents had higher PA than those co-raised by grandparents and lower APA than those raised by only grandparents. Even after controlling for the influence from temperament and grades, the effect of parenting styles on APA was still significant. For Grade 1 children, the parenting style was also significantly related to children's temperament (IR).

scholarly journals THE FACTOR STRUCTURE OF MEMORY COMPLAINTS OVER TIME

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S221-S221
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Mogle ◽  
Nikki Hill ◽  
Sakshi Bhargava ◽  
Tyler Bell ◽  
Emily Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
One Year ◽  
Fitting Model ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Although memory complaints are assessed with a variety of items to track change in individuals as they age, it remains unclear which items best capture change. Adults aged 70 to 104 (n=1,344, 38% Male) completed six memory complaints items annually for up to 11 years: frequency of problems, one year decline, ten year decline, seriousness of problems, forgetting important things, and current functioning compared to functioning at age 30. Using multilevel exploratory factor analysis, the best fitting model indicated one factor fit the between person structure with all items loading significantly. Across time, items required two factors. Items about decline loaded together while the item about functioning compared to functioning at age 30 dominated a second factor. Remaining items did not load on either factor across time. This suggests these items assessing memory complaints are better at discriminating across persons rather than tracking changes within a person across time.

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