Theoretical and Operational Consideration of Mindfulness, Resilience, and Resourcefulness

2020 ◽  
pp. 019394592095668
Author(s):  
Carol M. Musil ◽  
McKenzie K. Wallace ◽  
Alexandra B. Jeanblanc ◽  
Valerie B. Toly ◽  
Jaclene A. Zauszniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Two Factors

Mindfulness, resilience, and resourcefulness are theoretically distinct but related constructs critical for improving psychosocial well-being outcomes for informal caregivers and others. Our aims were to evaluate the theoretical and operational distinctions among these constructs. Measures of mindfulness (Decentering Scale), resilience (Connor-Davidson Scale) and resourcefulness (Resourcefulness Scale) were collected from a national sample of 348 grandmother caregivers. We conducted exploratory factor analysis and examined correlation patterns. Inter-correlations ranged from r= .26 (resourcefulness and resilience) to r= .73 (resilience and mindfulness). Factor analyses and scree plots indicated unidimensional factors for resilience and for mindfulness, and two factors for resourcefulness (personal and social). When items from all measures were analyzed together, the four factors remained. Distinct relationships were found between mindfulness, resilience, and resourcefulness with relevant external variables. Our results support the conceptual distinctions among the constructs, providing support for interventions targeting these constructs to improve psychosocial outcomes in caregivers.

Factor-Analytic Scales of a Normative Form of the EPPS Replicated across Samples and Methodologies

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Sherman ◽  
Charles A. Poe
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Academic Aptitude ◽  
Interpersonal Orientation ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Item Factor Analysis

In the original investigation (Sherman & Poe, 1969) evidence was found for four factors extracted by an item factor analysis computed on responses to a normative form of the EPPS (N-EPPS); a subsequent scale factor analysis of the 15 need scores of the N-EPPS gave evidence for three of these factors. In a cross-validation sample, item and scale factor analyses showed that two of the three factors noted in the original sample were replicated. The factor analytic scales which were constructed to reflect the two factors that were replicated across both samples and both methodologies (item and scale factor analyses) were (I) Interpersonal Orientation and (II) Assertive Aggressiveness. These scales were further specified by their internal reliability, their correlations with the 15 N-EPPS scales and their correlations with measures of academic aptitude and achievement. It was concluded that the two factor scales were homogeneous and stable, that their content was meaningful, and that further investigation is likely to yield predictable and useful relationships with a variety of external variables.

Measuring Impact of Stress in Sandwich Generation Caring for Demented Parents

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Solberg ◽  
Lauren B. Solberg ◽  
Emily N. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sandwich Generation ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Caregivers ◽  
The Impact

Stress in caregivers may affect the healthcare recipients receive. We examined the impact of stress experienced by 45 adult caregivers of their elderly demented parents. The participants completed a 32-item questionnaire about the impact of experienced stress. The questionnaire also asked about interventions that might help to reduce the impact of stress. After exploratory factor analysis, we reduced the 32-item questionnaire to 13 items. Results indicated that caregivers experienced stress, anxiety, and sadness. Also, emotional, but not financial or professional, well-being was significantly impacted. There was no significant difference between the impact of caregiver stress on members from the sandwich generation and those from the nonsandwich generation. Meeting with a social worker for resource availability was identified most frequently as a potentially helpful intervention for coping with the impact of stress.

Benin Groundnut Producers’ Perceptions, Awareness and Action about Aflatoxin

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
C.M. Jolly ◽  
S. Vodouhe ◽  
B. Bayard ◽  
P.E. Jolly ◽  
J.T. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Belief Model

ABSTRACT Aflatoxin (AF) contamination of groundnut poses a serious health and economic threat to Benin market participants. However, most farmers are unaware of the problem. A study of 182 farmers was conducted in 2002 using a Health Belief Model (HBM) to examine Benin farmers’ health beliefs, perception constructs of awareness, susceptibility, seriousness of the problem, barriers, and benefits derived from reducing AF levels. Exploratory Factor Analysis was employed to evaluate the HBM model constructs. The average age of farmers was 40.4 years with a Standard Deviation (SD) of 10.8, and farmers had an average of 18.32 years of farming experience. Approximately 93% of farmers stated that sorting of groundnuts was important or very important, while 77% thought that they were sure or definitely sure of the negative effects of AF on human health. The exploratory factor analysis revealed that two factors embodied the susceptibility, barrier and benefit constructs. The study results indicated that the reduction of AF in groundnuts was multidimensional and required policy intervention to increase awareness of the health risks, and to manipulate the factors that influenced the constructs at the farm and policy level.

Examining the Structure of the Schedule of Sexist Events: Replication and Extension

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia V. Matteson ◽  
Bonnie Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Unfair Treatment ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Future ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Health And Well Being

The current study reexamined the factor structure of the Lifetime and Recent scales of the Schedule of Sexist Events (SSE; Klonoff & Landrine, 1995 ) and conducted the first factor analysis of the SSE-Appraisal scale ( Landrine & Klonoff, 1997 ). Factor analyses conducted with data from 245 women yielded, for SSE-Lifetime and SSE-Appraisal scales, two reliable factors that can be scored as “Intimate and Personal Experiences of Sexist Events” and “Unfair Treatment Across Public Contexts” subscales. Data from the SSE-Recent scale yielded three factors that can be scored as “Sexist Degradation and Its Consequences,” “Unfair and Sexist Events at Work/School,” and “Unfair Treatment in Distant and Close Relationships” subscales. Recommendations are made for the future use of these proposed subscales in conjunction with total scale scores in research using the SSE to examine links between reported experiences of sexist events and women's health and well-being.

scholarly journals M118. FACTOR STRUCTURE OF THE CLINICIAN-RATED DIMENSION OF PSYCHOSIS SYMPTOM SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY PSYCHOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S180-S180
Author(s):  
Kyuyoung Lee ◽  
Yong Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Impaired Cognition ◽  
Dimensional Assessment

Abstract Background The early psychosis is classically viewed as a critical period. Schizophrenia subtypes which had been used to describe heterogeneity of the disease were discarded with the release of DSM-5 because of the lack of their clinical significance. DSM-5 has proposed the use of the Clinician-Rated Dimension of Psychosis Symptom Severity (CRDPSS) for evaluating the various symptoms of schizophrenia. The 8-domain CRDPSS was developed from the perspective of deconstructing the psychopathology of schizophrenia and would be expected to provide baseline data for further advances in psychiatric nosology. To our knowledge, despite these discussions, the dimensional structure of the CRDPSS has hardly been studied in the patients with early psychosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure categorizing the items of dimensional assessment through factor analysis in patients with early psychosis. Methods The subjects were 497 patients with early psychosis who were enrolled in the Korean Early Psychosis Cohort Study. They were between ≥18 years and ≤45 years of age who fulfill the criteria of DSM-5 for schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. In KEPS, early psychosis was defined the patients whose duration of treatment were within 2 years. The proportion of males was 41.9% and their mean age and age at onset were 28.7(SD=8.9) and 26.8(SD=9.1) years, respectively. An exploratory factor analysis(EFA) was conducted on the 8 items of dimensional assessment of psychosis in DSM-5 with principle components extracted by the varimax method. Results An exploratory factor analysis(EFA) was conducted on the items of dimensional assessment of psychosis in DSM-5 with principle components extracted by the varimax method. Two factors were identified which were labeled as ‘psychotic’ and ‘deficit’ domain. The first factor included delusions (loading=0.834, communality=0.697), hallucinations(loading=0.800, communality=0.640), disorganization(loading=0.654, communality=0.642), and abnormal psychomotor behavior(loading=0.677, communality=0.549). The second factor included negative symptoms(loading=0.833, communality=0.703) and impaired cognition(loading=0.827, communality=0.697). Depression and mania were excluded in factor analysis due to statistical incompatibility such as lack of communality less than 0.4. Bartlett’s test for sphericity was significant (χ2 =817.996, p<0.001), and the total variance of the factor solution was 65.452%. Discussion Two factors were identified which were labeled as ‘psychotic’ and ‘deficit’ domain. The first factor included delusions, hallucinations, disorganization and abnormal psychomotor behavior. The second factor included negative symptoms and impaired cognition. To our knowledge, this study is the first attempt to analyze the early psychosis patients using the dimensional assessment of psychosis in DSM-5, and it would be meaningful to follow up the course with the cohort.

Psychometrics of the Gratitude Questionnaire-6 in African-Americans at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1148-1154
Author(s):  
Lakeshia Cousin ◽  
Laura Redwine ◽  
Christina Bricker ◽  
Kevin Kip ◽  
Harleah Buck
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Factor Analysis Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Psychometrics of the Gratitude Questionnaire-6, which measures dispositional gratitude, was originally estimated in healthy college students. The purpose of this study was to examine the scales’ factor structure, convergent/divergent validity, and reliability among 298 AA adults at risk for CVD in the community. Analyses were performed using bivariate correlations, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. The scale demonstrated acceptable estimates for internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.729). Our exploratory factor analysis results yielded a one-factor structure consistent with the original instrument, and the confirmatory factor analysis model was a good fit. Convergent/divergent validity was supported by the association with positive affect (coefficient = 0.482, 95% CI = [0.379, 0.573], spiritual well-being (coefficient = 0.608, 95% CI = [0.519, 0.685], and depressive symptoms (coefficient = −0.378, 95% CI = [−0.475, −0.277]. Findings supported the scale’s reliability and convergent/divergent validity among AAs at risk for CVD.

The School-Wide Cultural Competence Observation Checklist for School Counselors: An Exploratory Factor Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 2156759X0801100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Nelson ◽  
Rebecca M. Bustamante ◽  
Eric D. Wilson ◽  
Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
School Counseling ◽  
School Counselors ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Counseling Program ◽  
School Counseling Program ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Cultural Competence Assessment ◽  
Diverse Groups

This study was designed to assess the (score) construct-related validity of an instrument called the School-Wide Cultural Competence Observation Checklist (SCCOC). The instrument was developed to use as a tool in conducting culture audits as a means of assessing school-wide cultural competence, or how well a school's programs, policies, and practices reflect the perspectives and experiences of diverse groups. An exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the factor structure of the SCCOC. Results revealed that the SCCOC contained two factors that explained 72.1% of the total variance. These factors, called Policy (22 items) and Practice (11 items), yielded score reliability coefficients of .97 and .89, respectively. Recommendations for incorporating a school-wide cultural competence assessment as part of a school counseling program are then discussed.

Dimensionality of burden in Alzheimer caregivers: confirmatory factor analysis and correlates of the Zarit Burden interview

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1455-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheung-Tak Cheng ◽  
Timothy Kwok ◽  
Linda C. W. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Zarit Burden Interview ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

ABSTRACTBackground:To investigate dimensions of caregiver burden through factor analysis of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), and to examine predictors of different dimensions of burden.Methods:Confirmatory factor analyses were performed on 395 Hong Kong Chinese Alzheimer caregivers to examine whether several proposed factor structures fit the data well. Subsequently, participants were split into two roughly equal subsamples, for the purpose of identifying the most optimal factor structure through exploratory factor analysis in Sample A (n = 183) and an independent verification through confirmatory factor analysis in Sample B (n = 212). ZBI subscales representing the established factors were correlated with caregiver and care-recipient variables known to be associated with burden.Results:Confirmatory factor analyses showed that factor models reported elsewhere did not fit the data well. Subsequently, exploratory factor analysis in Sample A suggested a 4-factor structure. After dropping three items due to poor factor loadings, the 4-factor structure was found to fit the data moderately well in Sample B. The four factors tapped personal strain, captivity, self-criticism, and loss of control. However, self-criticism was basically unrelated to the other three factors and showed a rather different pattern of correlations with caregiver and care-recipient variables. Self-criticism was more common among child caregivers and those who did not live with the care-recipient and was less involved in day-to-day care, yet feeling obligated and close to the care-recipient.Conclusions:The dimensions of caregiver burden may be culturally specific. More research is needed to examine cultural considerations in measuring caregiver burden.

scholarly journals DEVELOPING ITEMS FOR MEASURING QUALITY OF WORK LIFE AMONG MALAYSIAN ACADEMICS: AN EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS PROCEDURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1295-1309
Author(s):  
Amauche Ehido ◽  
Zainudin Awang ◽  
Bahyah Abdul Halim ◽  
Chukwuebuka Ibeabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Research Universities ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work

Purpose of the study: Quality of work life (QWL) is vital for all establishments to continue to hire and retain high-performance workers. However, from the review of previous literature on QWL, little is known about the dimensions that constitute high QWL among academics. Therefore, this study aimed at contributing to the literature by conducting a detailed validation of seven dimensions of QWL through the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure. Methodology: This study employed a cross-sectional research design to establish reliable measures for the QWL construct. The items were adapted and modified to suit this study. Study data was obtained using a structured questionnaire from 100 randomly selected academics from the five Malaysian research universities. The study further conducted the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure using IBM-SPSS version 21.0. Main Findings: A total of 51 items were initially developed to measure QWL construct, however, from the EFA procedure, the study found that 8 items with factor loading below the cut-off point of .60 were deleted and 48 items with a factor loading above the cut-off point of .60 were retained and deemed suitable to measure the QWL construct. Applications of this study: This study validated the dimensions that lead to improved QWL. Therefore, this study is particularly useful to the Malaysian universities' management who aim to obtain benefits from super motivated and high-performance academics by making sure that the workers' overall well-being is protected in the workplace. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study established a validated and reliable instrument for measuring the QWL construct among academics in the Malaysian research universities.

scholarly journals Measuring Personal and Social Responsibility: An Existential Positive Psychology Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gökmen Arslan ◽  
Paul T P Wong
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Personal And Social Responsibility

Responsibility was regarded as essential for wellbeing, and measuring this construct is warranted to develop strategies that promote people’s mental health and well-being. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the initial development and validation of the Responsibility Scale (RS) to measure the sense of responsibility of individuals. Participants included two independent samples, comprising of 284 adults, ranging in age between 18 and 84 years. Sample 1 was used to conducted the exploratory factor analysis and comprised of 152 adults (65% female), ranging in age from 18 to 82 years (M = 43.18, SD = 14.68). Sample 2 was used to conduct the confirmatory factor analysis. The sample consisted of 132 adults (56% female), ranging in age from 18 to 84 years (M = 29.08, SD = 12.45). Findings from exploratory factor analysis revealed the RS provided a two–factor solution comprising of 8 items that accounted for 46% of the variance, with equal items targeting characteristics of both personal and social responsibility. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the two–factor latent structure, providing good data-model fit statistics. Further results also showed that the internal reliability of the scale and its subscales were strong.  Finally, the latent path model revealed that the first– and high–order measurement model had positive and significant predictive effects on life satisfaction and negative predictive effects on psychological distress, accounting for the approximately large variance in the variables. Overall, the results suggest that the RS could be used to assess personal and social responsibility among adults.

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