Organization Building in the Wake of Ethnic Conflict: A Comparison of Three Ethnic Groups

Social Forces ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1333-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. West
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict

Does Modernization Breed Ethnic Political Conflict?

1991 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul Newman
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Cultural Ideologies ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Modernization

Until the early 1970s many scholars believed that the process of economic modernization would result in the decline of ethnic political activity throughout the world. This melting pot modernization perspective failed on both theoretical and empirical grounds. After its collapse, scholars promoted a new conflictual modernization approach, which argued that modernization brought previously isolated ethnic groups into conflict. Although this approach accounted for the origins of ethnic conflict, it relied too heavily on elite motivations and could not account for the behavior of ethnic political movements. In the last five years, scholars have tried to develop a psychological approach to ethnic conflict. These scholars see conflict as stemming from stereotyped perceptions of differences among ethnic groups. This approach fails to analyze the tangible group disparities that reinforce these identifications and that may serve as the actual catalysts for ethnic political conflict. The conflictual modernization approach is reinvigorated by applying it to the cases of ethnic conflict in Canada and Belgium. In both of these countries the twin processes of economic modernization and political centralization intensified ethnic conflict while stripping ethnic movements of the romantic cultural ideologies and institutional frameworks that could provide these movements with some long-term stability. Thus, by integrating the modernization approach with a resource mobilization perspective we can develop theories that can account for ethnic conflict throughout the world.

scholarly journals Polarisasi etnis dan potensi konflik dalam kebijakan pencetakan sawah baru: Sebuah kajian kepustakaan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Dwi Wulan Pujiriyani
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Productive Labor ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Future Potential

This study aims to analyse the implementation of new rice field plan  policies in Indonesia and their impacts on population and ethnic composition in new rice field locations. This research is conducted by applying a literature review method. It is shown that the implementation of the policies had two major implications. Firstly, it creates assimilation opportunities through collaboration between ethnic migrants and local ethnic groups to work on or cultivate new rice fields. Secondly, the great flows of transmigrants that move to the new rice field locations trigger ethnic polarization, which is prone to cause inter-ethnic conflict. In the future, potential problems associated with the provision of new rice fields are available are the risk of having aging population. The aging population indicates a decrease in productive labor that may also affect on decreasing attractiveness of the rice fields to the younger generation. This situation can lead to the re-involvement of older generation in managing the new rice fields. However, it can raise a new concern on their ability to improve the rice fields’ productivity or, even worse, the new rice fields might be neglected or be sold. 

Acts of Human Kindness: Tutsi, Hutu and the Genocide

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Villia Jefremovas
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Mass Murder ◽  
Two Sides

Most press reports would have us believe that the genocide in Rwanda was the result of a “centuries-old” ethnic/tribal hatred. There is no denying that mass murder and genocide took place in Rwanda. It is estimated that between 500,000 and 1,000,000 people died in the most appalling way. Those killed were from all ethnic groups, Tutsi, Hutu, and Twa; but the vast majority of those killed were Tutsi. However, it is important to understand the process by which this took place: we must stop and ask if this genocide was inevitable, if it was universal, and if it was the result of ancient irreconcilable hatreds.The reference to tribal warfare, or even ethnic conflict, implies that there are (at least) two sides fighting, and that all members of society are caught up in the killings. But in this case, the great preponderance of deaths resulted not from “conflict” but from murder.

Social Identification and Ethnic Conflict

2013 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS SAMBANIS ◽  
MOSES SHAYO
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Social Identification ◽  
Entire Population ◽  
Ethnic Identification ◽  
Empirical Results

When do ethnic cleavages increase the risk of conflict? Under what conditions is a strong common identity likely to emerge, thereby reducing that risk? How are patterns of social identification shaped by conflict? We draw on empirical results regarding the nature and determinants of group identification to develop a simple model that addresses these questions. The model highlights the possibility of vicious and virtuous cycles where conflict and identification patterns reinforce each other. It also shows how processes of ethnic identification amplify the importance of political institutions and traces the effects of national status and perceived differences across ethnic groups. Finally, we demonstrate how a small but sufficiently potent group of ethnic radicals can derail a peaceful equilibrium, leading to the polarization of the entire population. We reexamine several historical cases as well as empirical correlates of civil wars in light of these results.

After Chechnya: At Risk in Dagestan

Politics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Robert Bruce Ware ◽  
Enver Kisriev
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Migratory Patterns

Population displacements in the aftermath of the Chechen conflict may undermine a complex political balance existing among the extraordinarily numerous ethnic groups in the neighbouring Republic of Dagestan. The destabilisation of Dagestan threatens to bring ethnic conflict to virtually the only state in the Caucasus to have avoided it thus far. This article considers the basis of ethnic accommodation in Dagestan, the policies and migratory patterns that have placed it at risk, and the regional context in which these have occurred.

scholarly journals On the Preconditions for the Development of Conflict in an Interethnic Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Anatolievich Slizskiy
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Formal Recognition

In modern society, the importance of overcoming conflict in an interethnic environment is updated. The study is aimed at researching the problem of ethnic conflict and its social grounds. The chosen methodology is based on the classical analytical method, content and discourse analysis, as well as a phenomenological approach. The starting point of the presented theoretical study is the position of the presence of a latent conflict between different ethnic groups as carriers of a specific system of behavioral and sociocultural patterns. Perceiving representa-tives of a different culture as different in relation to themselves, representatives of closed ethnic groups tend to cohesion within the group and at the same time reject the value of other cultures. However, we believe that the unconditional nature of this position should be tested in the course of its comparison with the practice of formal recognition of “us” and “them”.

Ethiopia’s ethnic federalism will face strains

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Current System ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
National Level ◽  
The South ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Ethnic Federalism

Subject Challenges to Ethiopia's system of ethnic federalism. Significance Ethiopia’s Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Region (SNNPR) was until recently considered a region of relative peace and tolerance. However, recent inter-ethnic conflict has thrown it into turmoil. Moreover, new demands for statehood being voiced by ethnic groups could have far-reaching consequences for both the region and the nation. Impacts Statehood bids could lead to races for resources and subsequent conflicts. Attempts to resolve federal problems at a national level could frustrate those who are content with the current system. Instability in the south could cross international borders and worsen people-to-people relations with Kenya and South Sudan.

scholarly journals TEN YEARS AFTER ETHNIC CONFLICT IN SOUTHERN KYRGYZSTAN: SOCIO-ECONOMIC CAUSES AND EFFECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (Vol 19, No 2 (2020)) ◽  
pp. 356-368
Author(s):  
Zhang YUYAN
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Conflict ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Property Damage ◽  
International Media ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

In June 2010, a fierce ethnic conflict erupted in southern Kyrgyzstan, causing heavy casualties and property damage. The ethnic conflict occurred for both historical reasons and realistic backgrounds, especially the policy mistakes of the interim government. This article analyses the causes and effects of this ethnic conflict based on relevant information and reports that have been disclosed by international media. This ethnic conflict not only caused a huge negative impact on the social stability of Kyrgyzstan, but also worsened the security situation in Central Asia. At present, with the national conflict as a lesson, the governments of Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan are working hard to improve the relationship between the two countries and the two major ethnic groups.

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