Virginia's Reforestation of Timberlands Program: An Economic Analysis of the First Six Years

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren A. Flick ◽  
Donald A. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Forest Industries ◽  
Benefit Cost

Abstract An economic analysis of the first 6 years of Virginia's Reforestation of Timberlands Program shows the program to be efficient. A benefit-cost ratio of about 3.5 is expected. Rural areas of eastern Virginia will benefit most. The sensitivity of the results to major assumptions is discussed. Landowners, forest industries, and rural laborers are major beneficiaries.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberusum) Marketing in Metropolitan Markets of Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
U. E. Umoffia ◽  
U. K. Iroegbute ◽  
T. M. Barnabas ◽  
J. A. Nandi ◽  
J. N. Akeweta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Personal Savings ◽  
Benefit Cost

Aims: This paper evaluates the economic analysis of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum) marketing in the metropolitan markets of Bauchi State. Study Design: A sample random sampling technique was used in selecting eighty (80) respondents (30 wholesalers and 50 retailers). Place and Duration of Study: The study was done at Bauchi State, Nigeria. Methodology: Questionnaire was used to collect data on the socio-economic characteristics of the marketers and other information on cost/return from the respondents. It was however complemented with oral interviews. Results: The results shows that the enterprise is a profitable venture in the metropolitan markets of Bauchi with a Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of (1.84) Yelwa Tudu market compared to other markets, while acquisition cost constitutes the highest proportion of the total cost of marketing potato. The majority of the marketers were female (57.75%) with 70% of the total respondents falling within the age bracket of 30-50 years. Majority of the marketers had a marketing experience of 1-10 years (58.73%). Also 70% of the marketers were married and 57% started their business with personal savings. Conclusion: The present study identified different challenges in Irish potatoes production and marketing in Bauchi State, Nigeria.

Analysis of whole and filleted stockfish (Gadusmorhua) marketing IN Ebonyi Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
M.O. Nwabunike ◽  
G.V.C. Igwe ◽  
I.K. Agama ◽  
C.E. Esheya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Comparative Cost ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Broad Objective ◽  
Benefit Cost

The study was conducted with the broad objective of analyzing the profitability of marketing different forms (whole and filleted) of stock fish in Ebonyi rural markets. A total of 80 stock fish sellers were carefully selected through an unbiased (multi-stage and random) sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed using simple frequency and percentages as well as gross margin and comparative cost ratio. The result showed that 92.5% of the stockfish sellers were females and married with mean age of 38 years, mean household size of 9 persons and mean year of experience of 14. It was further observed that between the two forms of stock fish marketed in Ebonyi rural communities, filleted type was more profitable having a profit of N669,000 and benefit cost ratio (BCR) of N1: 2.352 as against that of whole form with a profit of N286,000 and BCR of N1: 1.685. The results of the study implied that it is advisable to market stock fish in the filleted form rather than selling it whole. Keywords: Stock fish, gross margin, marketing, profitability, Ebonyi Rural Area

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Fish Farming in Punjab, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-637
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umair Aslam ◽  
Nasir Nadeem ◽  
Irfan Ahmed Baig ◽  
Umer Ijaz Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Crop Farming ◽  
Benefit Cost

Fish consumption is very less in Pakistan as compared to the world. The study was designed to conduct the economic analysis of the fish farming. Two districts were selected with the highest number of fish farms, i.e. Muzaffargarh and Khanewal. A total of 50 fish farms from both study areas were selected randomly for the study. Economic analysis was carried out from the collected data to estimate the profitability of fish farming. In order to make a comparison of profitability of fish farming with crop cultivation on per acre basis, data from 50 farmers from crop sector were also collected. The results revealed that fish farming was more profitable as compared to crop farming in the study area. Net income per acre was estimated at Rs. 252426 from fish farming as compared to net income per acre of Rs. 58612 from wheat-cotton, Rs. 72662 from cotton-rice and Rs. 53290 from sugarcane cultivation. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) of fish farming was calculated 1:1.52 and 1: 1.74 with and without land rent respectively. It illustrates that the enterprise yields 1.52 rupees and 1.74 rupees for every rupee invested. On the basis of results, it is suggested that fish farming should be promoted, especially in the areas of saline soils to enhance food security and uplifting the socioeconomic conditions of small farmers.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF ENRICHMENT MODEL USING TIMBER AND NON-TIMBER PRODUCTS OF SECONDARY REMNANTS IN THE ATLANTIC FOREST

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Ferreira Maier ◽  
Rubens de Miranda Benini ◽  
Cristina Fachini ◽  
Paulo José Alves de Santana
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Timber Products ◽  
Benefit Cost

ABSTRACT Socio-economic aspects can limit the expansion of ecological restoration. One alternative to address this question is the development of restoration models that generate income to farmers in addition to the benefits from conservation itself. We designed and implemented the initiative "Sustenta A Mata," a project developed by The Nature Conservancy and supported by the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES), to generate economic and social benefits for the communities involved. This study aims to analyze the financial viability of the enrichment restoration initiative in forest remnants based on a 30 year projection. The project was implemented on 17 hectares of land that included timber and non-timber species with a focus on the Juçara Palm (Euterpe edulis Mart.) for the production of fruit. Estimated earnings come from both the production of timber and juçara fruits. We considered input, equipment and labor costs for implementation, maintenance, and harvesting. For the economic analysis we used the following criteria: Net Present Value (NPV); Return on Investment (ROI); Benefit/Cost Ratio (B/C), and Payback. From these indicators the following values were obtained as results: US$4,040.80 of NPV, 13 percent of ROI, 1.59 of B/C and a 13-year Payback. These positive results for the aforementioned indicators reveal that the use of the enrichment restoration initiatives utilized in this project may contribute to the economic viability of the endeavor, contributing to a greater sustainability in rural areas.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis Of Mungbean (Vigna Radiata) Cultivation In Some Coastal Areas Of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
QM Shafiqul Islam ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MS Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
High Price ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Output Level ◽  
Severe Attack ◽  
Full Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost

The study was conducted in two coastal mungbean growing districts, namely Noakhali and Patuakhali of Bangladesh during the period of 2008-09 with a view to estimating the technical efficiency of mungbean growers. The study revealed that mungbean production was found profitable. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was 2.22 on full cost basis. The estimated results showed that the average level of technical efficiency among the sample farmers was 89%. This implies that given the existing technology and level of inputs, the output could be increased by 11 percent. Farmer’s education and experience had positive significant effect on mungbean production. Fifty nine percent farmers produced outputs to the maximum frontier output level. Farmers in the study area mentioned some constraints like high price of fertilizer, insecticides, severe attack of insects, etc. to the production of mungbean at farm level. Keywords: Profitability; mungbean; technical efficiency. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9227 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 29-40

scholarly journals Determination of fertilizer dose for maize in Potatomaize- T. Aman rice cropping pattern

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-477
Author(s):  
MJU Sarker ◽  
M Ali ◽  
AK Choudhury ◽  
MZH Prodhan ◽  
Mst A Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Cropping Sequence ◽  
Testing Site ◽  
Benefit Cost

A field experiment was conducted at the Multilocation Testing Site (MLT) Sherpur, Bogra (AEZ 4) during November 2007-08 to October 2008-09 to find out a suitable fertilizer dose for maize as a succeeding crop following potato under Potato-Maize- T.Aman rice cropping pattern. The treatments were, T1: Soil test based (STB) fertilizer dose of NPKS following FRG, 2005, T2: STB of 75% recommended dose of PKS + full N, T3: STB of 50% recommended dose of PKS + full N and T4: Farmers practice. From the two years' results, it was found that the most profitable grain yield of maize (7.54 t/ha) was obtained from the treatment T2 and the lowest (6.16 t/ha) was in T4 (Farmer’s practice). Economic analysis showed that the treatment T2 gave the highest net return, benefit cost ratio was also higher in maize. Fertilizer dose could be reduced by 25% for N. Considering all the issues, maize was best fitted crop under Potato- Maize-T. Aman cropping sequence in AEZ 4 at MLT site Sherpur, Bogra. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i3.21990 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(3): 471-477, September 2014

scholarly journals UJI KINERJA DAN ANALISIS EKONOMI MESIN PENGUPAS BAWANG MERAH (MPB TEP-0315) [Test Performance and Economical Analysis of Shallot Skin Sheller Machine (MBP TEP-0315)]

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-451
Author(s):  
Wahyu Kristian Sugandi ◽  
M. Ade Moetangad Kramadibrata ◽  
Asri Widyasanti ◽  
Andhini Rosyana Putri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Internal Rate ◽  
Benefit Cost

The vacuum-pneumatic type of the modified shallot skin sheller (MPB TEP-0315) has to be specified its technical and economical feasibility. An explanatory descriptive analysis has been employed to observe, measure, and re-account the details. Results from performance test showed that its theoretical and actual capacities were 52.48 kg/h and 31.24 kg/h, respectively at a machine efficiency of 59.60 percent at a required power (for compressor and decompressor) of 2092.6 W and at a shelling yield of 70.20 percent. The average level of noissiness was 69.25 dBA. Whilst the average machine vibration with or without load were 0.67 mm/s and 1.67 mm/s, respectively. Based on economic analysis this shelling business would be reasonable at a net present value (NPV) of Rp 30.618.320,- at an internal rate of return (IRR) of 68.83%, where the benefit cost ratio (BCR) would be 1.20. While the pay back period (PBP) would be reached in the 2nd year of investation.   Keywords: economic analysis, shelling machine, performance test   ABSTRAK   Mesin pengupas kulit bawang Tipe Vakum-Pneumatik (MPB TEP-0315) hasil modifikasi perlu dideskripsikan spesifikasi dan kelayakan ekonominya. Metode analisis deskriptif eksplanatori digunakan untuk mengamati mengukur, dan menghitung kinerja mesin serta kinerja ekonomi. Hasil uji kinerja menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas teoritis dan aktual mesin berturut-turut adalah 14,57 g/detik, dan 8,67 g/detik dengan efisiensi mesin 59,60%, dan pada kebutuhan daya (untuk kompresor dan dekompresor) 2092,6 W rendemen pengupasan 70,20%. Tingkat kebisingan mesin rata-rata 69,25 dBA. Sementara getaran mesin rata-rata dengan dan tanpa beban beruturut-turut adalah 0,67 mm/s dan 1,67 mm/s. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi usaha pengupasan bawang merah memenuhi syarat pada nilai bersih sekarang (net present value, NPV) Rp 30.618.320,- , laju pengembalian modal (internal rate of return, IRR)  68,83%, rasio laba-biaya (benefit cost ratio, BCR) 1,20. Sedangkan periode pengembalian modal (pay back period, PBP) investasi tercapai pada tahun ke-2.   Kata kunci: analisis ekonomi, mesin pengupas, uji kinerja

scholarly journals Efficiency of Different Dose of Zinc on Growth, Productivity and Economic Returns of Mustard in AEZ 11 of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
MG Azam ◽  
JA Mahmud ◽  
KU Ahammad ◽  
MA Gulandaz ◽  
M Islam
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Zinc Fertilizer ◽  
Benefit Cost

An experiment was carried out in the farmer’s field at the MLT site Tularampur, Narail (AEZ-11) during the rabi season of 2011-12 to evaluate the performance of newly released mustard varieties to Zn fertilization. Three levels of zinc 2, 3 and 4 kg/ha from zinc sulphate was used in BARI Sharisha-14. The experiment was carried out in a tree with 6 dispersed replications. Response of mustard to zinc fertilizer was significantly evident for yield. The highest yield (1.42 t/ha) was obtained from T1(3 kg Zn/ha) which was statistically higher than T2 (4 kg Zn/ha) yielding 1.37 t/ha. Both the treatments gave higher yields over the control. From the economic analysis, the highest gross margin was observed (Tk. 47695/ha and Tk. 44595/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) (1.57 and 1.45) obtained from T2 treatment followed by T3 treatment, respectively.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22037 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 37-40 2013

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF COCONUT-BASED MIXED FARMING SYSTEMS

CORD ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Maheswarappa ◽  
C. V. Sairam ◽  
R. Dhanapal ◽  
T. Vidhan Singh ◽  
M. R. Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Mixed Farming ◽  
Present Worth ◽  
Plantation Crops ◽  
Benefit Cost

Coconut-Based Mixed Farming System which evolved from the Central Plantation Crops Research Institute is one of the technologies recommended for sustainable coconut production. The economic analysis of this system for the period 1989-90 to 1997-98, realized a net return between Rs. 49,700 to Rs. 126,900. The Cash Flow Analysis preformed using a discount rate of 14% realized the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) of 1.36, the Net Present Worth of the system was Rs.286,500,, the Internal Rate of Return was 27.44%, and, the Pay Back Period was five years.

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