0231 Sleep Behaviors of Female Collegiate Athletes

Abstract Introduction Sleep is critical to cognitive and physiologic function. It is likely being a female collegiate student athlete places unique demands upon sleep behavior. Therefore, we aimed to study the sleep behavior of female collegiate athletes versus a female collegiate control group. Methods Full time female students from the University of Colorado Boulder (Altitude = 1,624 m) were recruited from NCAA Division I athletic teams: Cross Country (XC, n=10), Lacrosse (LAX, n =17), Soccer (SOC, n=15), Golf (GOLF, n=6), Tennis (TENN, n=9). 31 female full-time students were recruited as Controls (CONT). Sleep was monitored with wrist actigraphy (Spectrum Actiwatch, Phillips) for a minimum of one week. Subjects were instructed to wear actigraphs at all times except during competition. Outcome variables included nightly sleep duration, total 24h sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep midpoint, social jet lag (SJL) and nap duration/frequency. Results On weekdays, XC, LAX and SOC had greater nightly sleep durations ~8.5h compared to TENN, GOLF and CONT (p<0.05). Relative to other groups, XC had the earliest sleep midpoint (3:34 AM ± 1:20 vs. 3:53 AM ± 1:15) while SOC and LAX had the lowest sleep efficiency (~87.3 ± 3.2% vs. ~89.6 ± 3.4%) (all p<0.05). There was significant SJL among CONT, LAX and SOC (difference of sleep midpoints on weekdays and weekends; p<0.05). While nightly sleep duration varied significantly between different groups, there were no significant differences in total daily sleep duration when naps are included. A greater percentage of CONT (87 %) napped compared to athletes (64.2 %) (p<0.05); napping duration/frequency of naps per week were not different between groups. Conclusion Variations in sleep behavior exists between collegiate student athletes based upon varsity sport with some sports being similar to controls and others being significantly different. Additional research is needed to determine the significance of these findings to academic and athletic performance. Support PAC-12 Student-Athlete Health and Wellbeing Initiative, Grant #1554240

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0228 The Impact of Westward Travel Across 9 Time Zones on Sleep Behaviors of Female Collegiate Athletes

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.226 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A88-A88

Author(s):

D J Frisco ◽

J A Goodrich ◽

W C Byrnes ◽

M Holliday ◽

K P Wright

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Ncaa Division I ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Division I ◽

Jet Lag ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Time Zones ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Female Collegiate Athletes

Abstract Introduction Jet lag can significantly impact an athlete’s health and performance. However, the effect of ultra long-haul travel (> 12h flying time) westward across nine time zones on the sleep of female collegiate athletes is limited. We therefore studied the sleep behavior of NCAA Division I female volleyball players on an exhibition tour to China. Methods For this observational study, eleven females were recruited from a NCAA Division I Volleyball team. During the Tour, sleep behavior was monitored using wrist actigraphy (Actiwatch Spectrum, Phillips) before (5 days) outbound travel (PRE-FLIGHT), during air travel to (1) & from (2) China (FLIGHT-DAY 1 & 2) and during the athletes’ tour while in China (TOUR-DAY 1–8). Athletes were instructed to wear the actigraphs at all times, except during competition. Standard parameters were collected from the actigraph including sleep durations and sleep efficiency and expressed as mean ± sd. Results Sleep duration and sleep efficiency were similar for PRE-FLIGHT days (~8.3 hrs ± 1.5, 90.6 ± 3.2%). Sleep duration and efficiency were significantly lower on FLIGHT-DAY 1 & 2 compared to TOUR-DAY and PRE-FLIGHT, but were not significantly different from each other (~5.2 ± 2.4h, 80.5 ± 8.8%). Sleep duration during TOUR-DAY 1–7 followed a quadratic relationship, peaking on TOUR-DAY 1 and reaching a nadir on TOUR-DAY 5, before increasing again through TOUR-DAY 7 (p<0.05). Sleep duration on TOUR-DAY 8 (~5.9 ± 0.9 h) was significantly lower than PRE-FLIGHT and TOUR-DAY 1,2,6 & 7. Conclusion During travel female collegiate volleyball players showed sleep disturbance. Implementation of sleep interventions for jet lag are warranted for athletes traveling across multiple time zones. Support PAC-12 Student-Athlete Health and Wellbeing Initiative, Grant #1554240

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Sleep behavior of infants with infantile hemangioma treated with propranolol—a cohort study

European Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/s00431-021-04147-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Martin Theiler ◽

Nicole Knöpfel ◽

Susanne von der Heydt ◽

Agnes Schwieger-Briel ◽

Isabelle Luchsinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Behavioral Development ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Sleep Pattern ◽

Control Group ◽

Infant Sleep ◽

Sleep Behavior

AbstractSleep problems are frequently reported in infants treated with propranolol for infantile hemangiomas, possibly serving as a marker for a negative impact on central nervous system function. In this cohort study, we objectively investigate the sleep behavior of infants with infantile hemangiomas on propranolol compared to a healthy, untreated control group. Sleep of propranolol-treated infants and controls was investigated using ankle actigraphy and a 24-h diary for 7–10 days at ages 3 and 6 months. The main outcome measures were the Number of Nighttime Awakenings and Sleep Efficiency. The main secondary outcome measures included 24-hour Total Sleep, daytime sleep behavior, and parent-rated infant sleep quality and behavioral development based on the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) and the age-appropriate Ages-and-Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), respectively. Fifty-four term-born infants were included in each cohort. No group difference in any investigated parameter was seen at age 3 months. At age 6 months, the propranolol group exhibited a decrease in Sleep Efficiency and a trend towards an increased Number of Nighttime Awakenings compared to the control group. Treated infants at 6 months also had shorter daytime waking periods. 24-hour Total Sleep was unaffected by propranolol. No negative impact of propranolol on subjective sleep quality and behavioral development was noted.Conclusion: Propranolol exerts a measurable yet mild impact on objectively assessed infants’ sleep measures. Behavioral developmental scores were unaffected. Our results support propranolol as first-line therapy for complicated infantile hemangiomas. What is Known:• Sleep disorders are frequently reported in infants with infantile hemangiomas treated with propranolol and often lead to treatment discontinuation.• Investigations of the sleep pattern in this patient group using objective measures are lacking. What is New:• The sleep pattern of propranolol-treated infants is assessed using actigraphy and a 24-h sleep diary and compared to healthy, untreated controls.• Propranolol leads to a decreased sleep efficiency at night and an increased demand of daytime sleep, yet effects are mild overall.

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Analysis of Sport Orientation of Female Collegiate Athletes

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1998.86.2.647 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 647-650 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mel E. Finkenberg ◽

F. Michael Moode ◽

James M. DrNucci

Keyword(s):

Women Athletes ◽

Female Athletes ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Control Group ◽

Female Collegiate Athletes ◽

Sport Orientation

Scores on three subscales of the Sport Orientation Questionnaire were analyzed to assess whether competitive orientation of 40 female athletes differed from that of 36 nonparticipants and whether competitive orientation differentiated among athletes participating in different sports. Intercollegiate women athletes from three sports (basketball = 12; Softball = 16; and volleyball = 12) and a control group of 36 women who did not participate in athletics were respondents. Scores on Win and Competition significantly discriminated among groups. Scores of the control group were significantly lower than those of each group of athletes. No other comparisons were significant.

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Delayed Lactogenesis II is Associated With Lower Sleep Efficiency and Greater Variation in Nightly Sleep Duration in the Third Trimester

Journal of Human Lactation ◽

10.1177/0890334419830991 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 713-724

Author(s):

Theresa Casey ◽

Hui Sun ◽

Helen J. Burgess ◽

Jennifer Crodian ◽

Shelley Dowden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Body Mass ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Delayed Onset ◽

Wrist Actigraphy

Background: Metabolic and hormonal disturbances are associated with sleep disturbances and delayed onset of lactogenesis II. Research aims: The aim of this study was to measure sleep using wrist actigraphy during gestation weeks 22 and 32 to determine if sleep characteristics were associated with blood glucose, body mass index, gestational related disease, delayed onset of lactogenesis II, or work schedule. Methods: Demographic data were collected at study intake from primiparous women who wore a wrist actigraph during gestation weeks 22 ( n = 50) and 32 ( n = 44). Start and end sleep time, total nighttime sleep, sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation were measured. Night to night variability was assessed with the root mean square of successive difference. Blood glucose levels, body mass index, and gestational disease data were abstracted from medical charts. Timing of lactogenesis II was determined by survey. Results: Between gestation week 22 and 32, sleep efficiency decreased and fragmentation increased ( p < .05). During gestation week 32, blood glucose was negatively correlated with sleep duration, and positively related to fragmentation ( p < .05). Women who experienced delayed lactogenesis II had lower sleep efficiency and greater fragmentation ( p < .05), and greater night-to-night variability in sleep start and end time, efficiency, and duration during gestation week 32 ( p < .05). Conclusion: Women with better sleep efficiency and more stable nightly sleep time are less likely to experience delayed onset of lactogenesis II. Interventions to improve sleep may improve maternal health and breastfeeding adequacy.

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Determinants of postpartum sleep duration and sleep efficiency in minority women

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa246 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea M Spaeth ◽

Risha Khetarpal ◽

Daohai Yu ◽

Grace W Pien ◽

Sharon J Herring

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Medical Center ◽

Academic Medical Center ◽

Continuous Variable ◽

Multiple Regression Model ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Behavioral Determinants ◽

Wrist Actigraphy ◽

Objectively Measured

Abstract Study Objectives To examine demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral determinants of postpartum sleep duration and sleep efficiency among a cohort of black and Latina women. Methods Data were from 148 women (67% black, 32% Latina) at 5 months postpartum, recruited from an academic medical center in Philadelphia. Relevant demographic, psychosocial and behavioral predictors were assessed via questionnaire. Nocturnal sleep was objectively measured for 1 week using wrist actigraphy. Sleep duration was examined as a continuous variable and in categories (<7 versus ≥7 h per night); sleep efficiency was examined as a continuous variable. Independent multiple linear regression models were built to evaluate significant determinants of sleep. Results Adjusted models revealed that breastfeeding, having a bedtime after midnight, and being employed were associated with shorter sleep duration (–25–33 min, all p < 0.05). Multiparity, being unmarried, being employed, breastfeeding, having a bedtime after midnight, bedsharing, and responding to infant awakenings by getting up immediately rather than waiting a few minutes to see if the infant fell back asleep, were all significant determinants of sleeping <7 h per night (OR varying: 2.29–4.59, all p < 0.05). Bedsharing was the only variable identified from the multiple regression model that associated with poorer sleep efficiency (–3.8%, p < 0.05). Conclusions Findings may inform interventions for improving postpartum sleep in socioeconomically disadvantaged, racial/ethnic minority postpartum women.

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Abstract P200: Effects Of A 2-year Randomized Controlled Trial Physical Activity Intervention On Accelerometer-measured Sleep Characteristics Among Older Adults In Senior Center Communities

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.143.suppl_1.p200 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Kelsie M Full ◽

Katie Crist ◽

Marta Jankowska ◽

Pamela L Lutsey ◽

Loki Natarajan

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Low Income ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Control Group ◽

Senior Center ◽

Intervention Effect

Background: Targeting daily increases in physical activity (PA) is a common lifestyle strategy for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction. While less targeted in lifestyle interventions, poor sleep is also consistently linked to CVD. Emerging evidence connects changes in daily PA to beneficial changes in sleep; however, little is known about the impact of community-based PA interventions on habitual sleep among older adults. We leveraged accelerometer data from the Peer Empowerment Program for Physical Activity in Low Income & Minority Seniors (PEP4PA) randomized controlled trial to examine the effect of a PA intervention on accelerometer-measured sleep characteristics among older adults in low income and diverse senior center communities. Methods: PEP4PA participants (N=476; mean age=71.0 ± 9 years, 75% female, 60% low income, 36% non-white) were recruited from senior centers and randomized to a healthy control condition(n=209) or a peer-lead walking intervention (N=267). The peer-led PA intervention included self-monitoring techniques, health coach counseling, group walks, and community advocacy to improve walking conditions. Participants wore Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers on the wrist at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months. Data were processed for sleep characteristics including weekly average sleep duration and sleep efficiency. Mixed effects regression models provided estimates of the intervention effect on sleep characteristics at each time point. Models were adjusted for age, sex, and race. Three way interaction terms (time*treatment*sleep duration status) were used to assess differential intervention effects by short (<7) and long (>8 hours) sleep duration status at baseline. Results: At baseline, the average sleep duration of participants was 7 hours (SD: 1.07 hours) and the average sleep efficiency was 87.0% (SD: 6.2%). Compared to participants in the control group, participants in the intervention group had shorter sleep durations (7.1 hours vs 7.0 hours; p value: 0.08) and poorer sleep efficiency 86.0% vs 88.2%; p<0.001) at baseline. At 12 or 24-months, there was no intervention effect on participants’ average sleep duration or efficiency. Although not significant, at 6 months, long sleepers in the intervention group experienced an average 6-minute reduction in sleep duration (-B: 6.25, p=0.45) compared to those in the control group. Conclusions: Over the 2-year period, the PA intervention did not appear to have an impact on participants’ average sleep duration or quality. More investigation is needed into the temporal and daily relations of PA and sleep among older adults in interventions to understand if increases in daily PA are associated with better sleep characteristics at night.

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0222 The Association of Habitual Physical Activity with 24-Hour Sleep Outcomes in Preschoolers

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.220 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A86-A86

Author(s):

C W St Laurent ◽

R Spencer

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Percent Time ◽

Nighttime Sleep

Abstract Introduction Sedentary behavior, physical activity (PA), and sleep are health behaviors that contribute significantly to overall and early childhood health. Although interactive relationships of these behaviors have been reported in adults and school-aged children, there is limited evidence that PA is associated with sleep using objective measures in younger children and findings have been mixed. The purpose of this study was to determine if objectively measured PA and sleep behavior outcomes are associated in preschoolers. Methods Participants (n=77, age: 4.34±177;0.91 years; 55.8% female) were included in this cross-sectional study. Actiwatch Spectrum monitors (wrist-worn, triaxial accelerometers) were worn 24-hours for 16-days to measure PA (total PA counts, sedentary time [ST], light PA, and moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA]) and sleep (24-hour, nighttime, and nap sleep duration, bedtime, wake after sleep onset [WASO], and sleep efficiency). Results Multiple linear regression models adjusted for age and wear time during wake periods indicated that greater MVPA was associated with less nighttime sleep duration (β=-3.48, p<0.001), less total 24-hour sleep duration (β=-3.38, p<0.001), and a later bedtime (β=0.07, p<0.001). Total PA counts were associated with less nighttime sleep duration (β=-0.0002, p=0.001), less total 24-hour sleep duration (β=-0.0002, p=0.001), and a later bedtime (β=4.83, p=0.001). Greater ST was associated with greater total 24-hour sleep duration (β=1.92, p=0.006) and an earlier bedtime (β=-0.36, p=0.02). Percent time spent in light PA was not associated with any sleep outcomes and no PA variables were associated with nap sleep duration, WASO, or sleep efficiency. Conclusion As these findings are in contrast to previous studies reporting null or beneficial associations, further analyses are warranted to examine potential mediators/effect modifiers (e.g., sleep timing, gender, body mass index, and socioeconomic status) and temporal relationships between these movement behaviors in young children. Support NIH R01 HL111695

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Analysis of Body Esteem of Female Collegiate Athletes

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1994.78.1.315 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 315-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

James M. Dinucci ◽

Mel E. Finkenberg ◽

Sandra L. McCune ◽

E. Donice McCune ◽

Tammy Mayo

Keyword(s):

Women Athletes ◽

Physical Condition ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Body Esteem ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Weight Concern ◽

Group Participation ◽

Female Collegiate Athletes ◽

The Mean

Scores on three subscales of the Body Esteem Scale were analyzed for the effect of group participation on body esteem. Intercollegiate women athletes from three sports (basketball, n = 9; volleyball, n = 10; and Softball, n = 12) and a control group of 34 women who did not participate in athletics were respondents. Scores on Weight Concern and Physical Condition significantly discriminated between the groups. On Weight Concern the mean of the control group was significantly lower than those of the athletic groups. On Physical Condition the control group mean was significantly lower than that of the basketball group. Other comparisons were not significant.

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0337 Association Between Free-living Sleep and Memory and Attention in Healthy Adolescents

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.334 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A128-A128

Author(s):

R Stefansdottir ◽

H S Gundersen ◽

H Haraldsson ◽

V Rognvaldsdottir ◽

A S Lundervold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Response Times ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Cognitive Testing ◽

Attention And Memory ◽

Similar Response ◽

Free Living ◽

Recovery Sleep ◽

Wrist Actigraphy

Abstract Introduction Sleep is important for people of all ages, especially children during development. However, adolescents often sleep less than the recommended eight hours per night. Clinical trials have found that even partial sleep deprivation- shorter than the recommended duration- can reduce cognitive function in adolescents. The association between objectively measured free-living sleep and cognition function in adolescents has not been studied. Methods Free-living sleep duration and sleep efficiency were measured over one week with wrist actigraphy in 199 healthy normal adolescents (140 girls, mean±SD, 17.7±0.3 years). The day after the sleep measurement concluded, sustained attention was assessed with a validated Posner cue-target task, and working memory was measured with an n-back task. Associations between sleep measures and response times during attention and memory tasks were explored with multiple linear regression adjusted for task accuracy. Results Over the entire week, participants’ average sleep duration was 6.2±0.7 h/night and average sleep efficiency was 88±4.4% and averages for sleep the night prior to the cognitive testing were similar. Response times on memory (1-back: 420.6±73.9, 2-back: 522.6±101.9, and 3-back: 551.8±137.2 msec) and attention tasks (valid cue: 309±31.2, invalid cue: 365.8±36, and no cue: 393.6±38.9 msec) were similar to previous reports and not associated with average weekly sleep measures. Sleep duration of the night before cognitive testing was negatively associated with response times for the most challenging memory task (3-back; p=0.02). However, sleep measures of the night before did not correlate with any of the attention task scores. Conclusion Our data suggests that performance on difficult memory tasks may be negatively impacted by shorter free-living sleep durations the night prior to testing, even in healthy adolescents who average less than the recommended amount of sleep. Future studies should explore whether recovery sleep or other improvements in sleep habit might mitigate such effects on memory. Support The Eimskip University of Iceland Fund, Icelandic Centre for Research, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

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Evening intake of alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine: night-to-night associations with sleep duration and continuity among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Sleep Study

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsz136 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Christine E Spadola ◽

Na Guo ◽

Dayna A Johnson ◽

Tamar Sofer ◽

Suzanne M Bertisch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Sleep Diary ◽

Sleep Study ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Wrist Actigraphy ◽

Sleep Parameters ◽

Predominantly Female

Abstract Study Objectives We examined the night-to-night associations of evening use of alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine with actigraphically estimated sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and wake after sleep onset (WASO) among a large cohort of African American adults. Methods Participants in the Jackson Heart Sleep Study underwent wrist actigraphy for an average of 6.7 nights and completed concurrent daily sleep diary assessments to record any consumption of alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine within 4 hours of bedtime. Linear mixed-effect models were fit and adjusted for age, sex, educational attainment, body mass index, depression, anxiety, stress, and having work/school the next day. Results Eligible participants (n = 785) were an average of 63.7 years (SD: 10.6), and were predominantly female (67.9%). There were 5164 days of concurrent actigraphy and sleep diary data. Evening alcohol use was associated with that night’s lower sleep efficiency (−0.98% [95% CI: −1.67% to −0.29%], p = 0.005), but not with WASO or sleep duration. Evening nicotine use was associated with that night’s lower sleep efficiency [1.74% (95% CI: −2.79 to −0.68), p = 0.001] and 6.09 minutes higher WASO ([95% CI: 0.82 to 11.35], p = 0.02), but was not associated with sleep duration. Evening caffeine use was not associated with any of the sleep parameters. Conclusion Nicotine and alcohol use within 4 hours of bedtime were associated with increased sleep fragmentation in the associated night, even after controlling for multiple potential confounders. These findings support the importance of sleep health recommendations that promote the restriction of evening alcohol and nicotine use to improve sleep continuity.

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