0222 The Association of Habitual Physical Activity with 24-Hour Sleep Outcomes in Preschoolers

Abstract Introduction Sedentary behavior, physical activity (PA), and sleep are health behaviors that contribute significantly to overall and early childhood health. Although interactive relationships of these behaviors have been reported in adults and school-aged children, there is limited evidence that PA is associated with sleep using objective measures in younger children and findings have been mixed. The purpose of this study was to determine if objectively measured PA and sleep behavior outcomes are associated in preschoolers. Methods Participants (n=77, age: 4.34±177;0.91 years; 55.8% female) were included in this cross-sectional study. Actiwatch Spectrum monitors (wrist-worn, triaxial accelerometers) were worn 24-hours for 16-days to measure PA (total PA counts, sedentary time [ST], light PA, and moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA]) and sleep (24-hour, nighttime, and nap sleep duration, bedtime, wake after sleep onset [WASO], and sleep efficiency). Results Multiple linear regression models adjusted for age and wear time during wake periods indicated that greater MVPA was associated with less nighttime sleep duration (β=-3.48, p<0.001), less total 24-hour sleep duration (β=-3.38, p<0.001), and a later bedtime (β=0.07, p<0.001). Total PA counts were associated with less nighttime sleep duration (β=-0.0002, p=0.001), less total 24-hour sleep duration (β=-0.0002, p=0.001), and a later bedtime (β=4.83, p=0.001). Greater ST was associated with greater total 24-hour sleep duration (β=1.92, p=0.006) and an earlier bedtime (β=-0.36, p=0.02). Percent time spent in light PA was not associated with any sleep outcomes and no PA variables were associated with nap sleep duration, WASO, or sleep efficiency. Conclusion As these findings are in contrast to previous studies reporting null or beneficial associations, further analyses are warranted to examine potential mediators/effect modifiers (e.g., sleep timing, gender, body mass index, and socioeconomic status) and temporal relationships between these movement behaviors in young children. Support NIH R01 HL111695

Download Full-text

Physical Activity and Diet Quality Modify the Association between Comorbidity and Disability among Stroke Patients

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051641 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1641

Author(s):

Lien T. K. Nguyen ◽

Binh N. Do ◽

Dinh N. Vu ◽

Khue M. Pham ◽

Manh-Tan Vu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Short Version ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Disability Score ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Comorbidity is common and causes poor stroke outcomes. We aimed to examine the modifying impacts of physical activity (PA) and diet quality on the association between comorbidity and disability in stroke patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 951 stable stroke patients in Vietnam from December 2019 to December 2020. The survey questionnaires were administered to assess patients’ characteristics, clinical parameters (e.g., Charlson Comorbidity Index items), health-related behaviors (e.g., PA using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire- short version), health literacy, diet quality (using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Quality (DASH-Q) questionnaire), and disability (using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS II)). Linear regression models were used to analyze the associations and interactions. Results: The proportion of comorbidity was 49.9% (475/951). The scores of DASH-Q and WHODAS II were 29.2 ± 11.8, 32.3 ± 13.5, respectively. Patients with comorbidity had a higher score of disability (regression coefficient, B, 8.24; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI, 6.66, 9.83; p < 0.001) as compared with those without comorbidity. Patients with comorbidity and higher tertiles of PA (B, −4.65 to −5.48; p < 0.05), and a higher DASH-Q score (B, −0.32; p < 0.001) had a lower disability score, as compared with those without comorbidity and the lowest tertile of PA, and the lowest score of DASH-Q, respectively. Conclusions: Physical activity and diet quality significantly modified the negative impact of comorbidity on disability in stroke patients. Strategic approaches are required to promote physical activity and healthy diet which further improve stroke rehabilitation outcomes.

Download Full-text

Health and nutrition literacy in adults: Links with lifestyle factors and obesity

Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.3233/mnm-200471 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 361-370

Author(s):

Maria Michou ◽

Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽

Christos Lionis ◽

Vassiliki Costarelli

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND: Low Health Literacy (HL) and Nutrition Literacy (NL) are associated with serious negative health outcomes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate certain lifestyle factors and obesity, in relation to HL and NL. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban area of the Attica region, in Greece. The sample consisted of 1281 individuals, aged ≥18 years. HL, NL sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle factors (physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption,) were assessed. Mann-Whitney U, the Kruskall Wallis, Pearson chi-square tests and multiple linear regression models were used. RESULTS: Linear regression analysis has shown that smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity, were associated with HL levels (–1.573 points for ex-smokers in comparison to smokers, p = 0.035, –1.349 points for alcohol consumers in comparison to non-consumers, p = 0.006 and 1.544 points for physically active individuals to non-active, p = 0.001). With respect to NL levels, it was also not associated with any of these factors. Obesity was not associated with HL and NL levels. CONCLUSIONS: Certain lifestyle factors, including physical activity, are predicting factors of HL levels, in Greek adults. The results contribute to the understanding of the relationship between lifestyle factors and HL and should be taken into account when HL policies are designed.

Download Full-text

Prevalence and correlates of adherence to movement guidelines among urban and rural children in Mozambique: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s12966-019-0861-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Taru Manyanga ◽

Joel D. Barnes ◽

Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽

Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽

Antonio Prista ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Screen Time ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Rural Children ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Low Middle Income Countries

Abstract Background Insufficient physical activity, short sleep duration, and excessive recreational screen time are increasing globally. Currently, there are little to no data describing prevalences and correlates of movement behaviours among children in low-middle-income countries. The few available reports do not include both urban and rural respondents, despite the large proportion of rural populations in low-middle-income countries. We compared the prevalence of meeting 24-h movement guidelines and examined correlates of meeting the guidelines in a sample of urban and rural Mozambican schoolchildren. Methods This is cross-sectional study of 9–11 year-old children (n = 683) recruited from 10 urban and 7 rural schools in Mozambique. Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sleep duration were measured by waist-worn Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers. Accelerometers were worn 24 h/day for up to 8 days. Recreational screen time was self-reported. Potential correlates of meeting 24-h movement guidelines were directly measured or obtained from validated items of context-adapted questionnaires. Multilevel multivariable logit models were used to determine the correlates of movement behaviours. Meeting 24-h movement guidelines was defined as ≥60 min/day of MVPA, ≤2 h/day of recreational screen time, and between 9 and 11 h/night of sleep. Results More rural (17.7%) than urban (3.6%) children met all three 24-h movement guidelines. Mean MVPA was lower (82.9 ± 29.5 min/day) among urban than rural children (96.7 ± 31.8 min/day). Rural children had longer sleep duration (8.9 ± 0.7 h/night) and shorter recreational screen time (2.7 ± 1.9 h/day) than their urban counterparts (8.7 ± 0.9 h/night and 5.0 ± 2.3 h/day respectively). Parental education (OR: 0.37; CI: 0.16–0.87), school location (OR: 0.21; CI: 0.09–0.52), and outdoor time (OR: 0.67; CI: 0.53–0.85) were significant correlates of meeting all three 24-h movement guidelines. Conclusions Prevalence and correlates of meeting movement guidelines differed between urban and rural schoolchildren in Mozambique. On average, both groups had higher daily MVPA minutes, shorter sleep duration, and higher recreational screen time than the 24-h movement guidelines recommend. These findings (e.g., higher than recommended mean daily MVPA minutes) differ from those from high-income countries and highlight the need to sample from both urban and rural areas.

Download Full-text

Association between objectively measured body composition, sleep parameters and physical activity in preschool children: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042669 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e042669

Author(s):

Justyna Wyszyńska ◽

Piotr Matłosz ◽

Muhammad Asif ◽

Agnieszka Szybisty ◽

Paweł Lenik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sleep Parameters ◽

Objectively Measured

ObjectiveAssociations between self-reported sleep duration and obesity indices in children are well recognised; however, there are no studies on associations between objectively measured other sleep parameters and physical activity with body composition in preschoolers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the associations between sleep parameters and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with body composition indices in preschoolers using objective measures.DesignA cross-sectional study.ParticipantsThe study group consisted of 676 children aged 5–6 years, who were enrolled in kindergartens in the 2017/2018 school year.Outcome measuresSleep parameters and MVPA were measured using accelerometers for 7 days. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to estimate body composition.ResultsSleep duration and sleep efficiency were inversely associated with body fat percentage (BFP) (β=−0.013 and β from –0.311 to −0.359, respectively) and body mass index (BMI) (β from −0.005 to −0.006 and from −0.105 to –0.121, respectively), and directly associated with fat-free mass (FFM) (β from 0.010 to 0.011 and from 0.245 to 0.271, respectively) and muscle mass (β from 0.012 to 0.012 and from 0.277 to 0.307, respectively) in unadjusted and adjusted models. BFP was inversely associated with MVPA and positively associated with number of awakenings and sleep periods. Number of sleep periods was inversely associated with FFM, and positively with BMI and muscle mass. Correlation matrix indicated significant correlation between BFP, FFM and muscle mass with sleep duration, sleep efficiency, number of sleep periods and MVPA.ConclusionsPeriodic assessment of sleep parameters and MVPA in relation to body composition in preschool children may be considered, especially in those who are at risk for obesity.

Download Full-text

Monitoring Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in Children with Blindness and Deafness: A Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-28547/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Reema M Al Jalal ◽

Alaa I. Ibrahim ◽

Turki S. Abualait

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sensorineural Deafness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hearing Children

Abstract Background Child development has critical links to his ability to see and hear. When these senses are impaired, everything is impacted. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of visual and hearing impairments on physical activity and sleep quality in a comparison with the normal sighted-hearing children. Methods This cross-sectional study included 60 Saudi children (20 blind, 20 sensorineural deaf, and 20 sighted-hearing) aged 10 to 15 years old. The physical activity levels and sleep quality were assessed using a waist-mounted ActiGraph accelerometer. Results Children with sensorineural deafness were significantly more active (in step rate and activity rate) than the sighted-hearing group (p = 0.05 and 0.003, respectively). Sighted-hearing children and children with blindness had significantly more sedentary time than children with sensorineural deafness (p = 0.004 and 0.03, respectively). Sleep efficiency was significantly higher in children with sensorineural deafness than sighted-hearing children (p = 0.02). No significant difference was recorded in any of the sleep parameters when children with blindness were compared to the sighted-hearing or children with sensorineural deafness (p > 0.05). Conclusions The ActiGraph results revealed that children with sensorineural deafness were significantly more active and with higher sleep efficiency than sighted-hearing children. Children with blindness spent more time in sedentary activities and less time in moderate activities than children with sensorineural deafness. There was no significant difference in sleep efficiency when comparing sensorineural deaf and blind children.

Download Full-text

Associations between parent-reported and objectively measured sleep duration and timing in infants at age 6 months

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa217 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mirja Quante ◽

Benjamin Hong ◽

Tayla von Ash ◽

Xinting Yu ◽

Emily R Kaplan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Low Income ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Diary ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Night Sleep ◽

Low Income Families ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Nighttime Sleep

Abstract Study Objectives To compare the estimates of sleep duration and timing from survey, diary, and actigraphy in infants at age 6 months, overall and by select demographics and other factors. Methods In total, 314 infants participating in the Rise & SHINE (Sleep Health in Infancy & Early Childhood study) cohort in Boston, MA, USA, wore an actigraph on their left ankle for 7 days. Parents concurrently completed a sleep diary and the expanded version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. Concordance between parent-reported and objective sleep estimates was assessed using Bland–Altman plots, Spearman’s rank correlations, intraclass correlations, and linear regression models. Results Mean infant age was 6.4 (0.6 SD) months; 51% were female and 42% were Non-Hispanic white. Mean total sleep duration using actigraphy was 526 (67 SD) minutes per night, 143 (42 SD) minutes per day, and 460 (100 SD) minutes during the longest nighttime sleep period. Relative to actigraphy, parent-completed survey and diary overestimated total day (by 29 and 31 minutes, respectively) and night sleep duration (67 and 43 minutes, respectively) and underestimated the longest sleep (58 minutes), with the highest agreement for sleep onset and offset timing (differences < 30 minutes). There was a tendency toward greater bias among short- and long-sleeping infants. Self-reporting bias for diary-measured longest nighttime sleep and total night sleep duration was higher in infants of parents reporting a problem with their baby’s night awakenings and in low-income families, respectively. Conclusions Our findings underscore the need to be cautious when comparing findings across studies using different sleep assessment methods.

Download Full-text

Association between the levels of physical activity and plantar pressure in 6-14-year-old children

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.8551 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e8551 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lovro Štefan ◽

Mario Kasović ◽

Martin Zvonar

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Plantar Pressure ◽

Contact Time ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Older Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Time Integral ◽

Pressure Time ◽

The Right

Background The main purpose of the study was to determine whether lower levels of physical activity were associated with higher plantar pressure generated under each foot. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 641 children aged 6–14 years (agemean ± SD = 9.7 ± 2.4 years; heightmean ± SD = 143.6 ± 15.3 cm, weightmean ± SD = 37.6 ± 13.4 kg; body-mass indexmean ± SD = 17.6 ± 3.2 kg/m2; 44.2% girls). We used EMED –XL pressure platform to measure force time integral, pressure-time integral, contact-time and contact area, peak plantar pressure and mean plantar pressure of the right and the left foot during the gait analysis. The level of physical activity was measured by using The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ–C). The associations were calculated by using generalized estimating equations with linear regression models. Results Lower levels of physical activity were associated with higher force- and pressure-time integrals, longer contact time and higher peak and mean plantar pressures in both feet. Conclusion Our study shows that the level of physical activity is strongly and inversely associated with plantar pressure in a sample of 6–14 year olds.

Download Full-text

Associations between Adherence to Combinations of 24-h Movement Guidelines and Overweight and Obesity in Japanese Preschool Children

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17249320 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 9320

Author(s):

Hyunshik Kim ◽

Jiameng Ma ◽

Kenji Harada ◽

Sunkyoung Lee ◽

Ying Gu

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Screen Time ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public Health Policies ◽

The Status

The interactions between movement behaviors (physical activity, screen time, and sleep) affect the health of preschool children. Therefore, we examined the status of adherence to combinations of 24-hour movement guidelines (24-h MG) in Japanese preschool children and determined the associations between overweight/obesity and adherence to these 24-h MG. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 421 children aged 3–5 years (216 boys and 199 girls) living in the northeastern region of Japan. To evaluate the 24-h MG, physical activity over one week was measured using a three-axis accelerometer. For screen time and sleep duration, a questionnaire survey was conducted. Children who failed to meet all the 24-h MG had a higher probability of overweight/obesity than those who met all the 24-h MG (odds ratio 1.139, 95% confidence interval: 1.009, 1.285). The percentage of adherence to the 24-h MG was 91.6% for physical activity, 82.5% for sleep duration, and 33.7% for screen time, and only 21.5% of the children adhered to all three areas of the guidelines. Our findings have important implications for developing public health policies and effective intervention programs for preschool children.

Download Full-text

24-h Movement Guidelines and Substance Use among Adolescents: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18063309 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 3309

Author(s):

Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga ◽

Ian Colman ◽

Gary S. Goldfield ◽

Ian Janssen ◽

JianLi Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Screen Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Cross Sectional

Children and youth are recommended to achieve at least 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, no more than 2 h/day of recreational screen time, and a sleep duration of 9–11 h/night for 11–13-year-olds or 8–10 h/night for 14–17-year-olds. Meeting the physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration recommendations have previously been associated with substance use among adolescents. However, previous research has mainly examined these factors individually rather than looking at how these indicators could concurrently relate to substance use in this age group. Therefore, this study examined the associations between meeting the 24-h movement guidelines for screen time, sleep duration, and physical activity (independent variables) with substance use outcomes including alcohol consumption, cannabis use, and cigarette smoking (dependent variables) among adolescents. Self-reported data from a cross-sectional and representative sample of 10,236 students (mean age = 15.1 years) in Ontario, Canada were analyzed. Logistic regression models stratified by gender were adjusted for potential confounders. Combinations of 24-h movement guidelines was differentially associated with substance use in boys and girls. Overall, findings showed that meeting 24-h movement guidelines is associated with lower odds of alcohol consumption, cannabis use, and cigarette smoking differentially with type of recommendation met and gender. Given that the associations between 24-h movement guidelines and substance use differ between boys and girls, future efforts should take this into consideration.

Download Full-text

Associations between migraine attacks and nightly sleep characteristics among adults with episodic migraine: a prospective cohort study

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Angeliki Vgontzas ◽

Wenyuan Li ◽

Elizabeth Mostofsky ◽

Michael Rueschman ◽

Murray A Mittleman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Mixed Models ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Episodic Migraine ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Migraine Headaches ◽

Subject Specific ◽

Nighttime Sleep

Abstract Study Objectives Given the unknown immediate impact of migraine on nighttime sleep, we prospectively examined whether migraine headaches were associated with subsequent shorter sleep duration, higher fragmentation, and poorer quality in a cohort of 98 adults with episodic migraine. Methods Participants completed twice-daily electronic diaries and wore actigraphs continuously for 6 weeks. We examined whether days with headaches were associated with changes in that night’s sleep characteristics compared with headache-free days, using adjusted multivariable linear mixed models with subject-specific intercepts. Results Participants were 35 ± 12 years old, 88% women, with an average of five migraine headaches per month. Over 4,406 days, we observed 1,077 headache days, representing 823 discrete headaches. Average nightly objective sleep duration was 7.3 ± 1.2 hr, efficiency 89.5 ± 3.3%, and wake after sleep onset (WASO) 44.8 ± 17.0 min. Objective sleep duration was 7.3 min (95% CI: 1.5, 13.0) longer on nights following a headache day compared with nights on a headache-free day. Objective sleep efficiency, WASO, and reported sleep quality were not significantly different on headache days compared with headache-free days (sleep efficiency: −0.06 min, 95% CI: −0.3, 0.2; WASO 1.5 min, 95% CI: 0.0, 3.0; sleep quality: 1.0, 95% CI: 0.8, 1.3). Conclusions Sleep periods immediately following migraine headaches are not associated with shorter duration, higher disruption, or poorer sleep quality in patients with episodic migraine. These results suggest that clinical evaluation of sleep disturbance in patients with episodic migraine should be approached independently of their migraine status.

Download Full-text