Sleep talking vs. sleep moaning: electrophysiological patterns preceding linguistic vocalizations during sleep

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Mangiaruga ◽  
Aurora D’Atri ◽  
Serena Scarpelli ◽  
Valentina Alfonsi ◽  
Milena Camaioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Related Language ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Sleep Talking ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Sleep talking (ST) has been rarely studied as an isolated phenomenon. Late investigations over the psycholinguistic features of vocal production in ST pointed to coherence with wake language formal features. Therefore, we investigated the EEG correlates of Verbal ST as the overt manifestation of sleep-related language processing, with the hypothesis of shared electrophysiological correlates with wake language production.From a sample of 155 highly frequent STs, we recorded 13 participants (age range 19-30y, mean age 24.6 ± 3.3; 7F) via vPSG for at least 2-consecutive nights, and a total of 28 nights. We first investigated the sleep macrostructure of STs compared to 13 age and gender matched subjects. We then compared the EEG signal before 21 Verbal STs vs. 21 Non-verbal STs (moaning, laughing, crying, ...) in 6 STs reporting both vocalization types in Stage 2 NREM sleep.The 2x2 mixed ANOVA Group x Night interaction showed no statistically significant effect for macrostructural variables, but significant main effects for Group with lower REM (%), TST, TBT SEI and greater NREM (%) for STs compared to controls.EEG statistical comparisons (paired-samples Student's t-Test) showed a decrement in power spectra for Verbal STs vs. Non-verbal STs within the theta and alpha EEG bands, strongly lateralized to the left hemisphere and localized on centro-parietal-occipitals channels. A single left parietal channel (P7) held significance after Bonferroni correction.Our results suggest shared neural mechanisms between Verbal ST and language processing during wakefulness and a possible functional overlapping with linguistic planning in wakefulness.

scholarly journals Can physical training minimize the gender differences in lung capacity of trained tennis players aged 14 – 17 years old ?

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Nupur Pandit ◽  
Shovana Banik ◽  
Shilpi Kumari Prasad ◽  
Piya Majumdar ◽  
Oly Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background: This study was based on gender differences in male and female trained tennis players. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to determine the extent that physical training could minimize the gender differences in lung capacities in trained tennis players aged 14–17 years. Material and methods: The participants were ten male and seven female lawn tennis players, with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of 15.5 ± 1.27 and 14.43 ± 1.13 years, respectively. Physical characteristics and lung volumes were measured on the same day for each participant. Data were presented as mean ± SD, and Student’s t-test to compare the measured variables was performed. Results: Differences between genders were insignificant in terms of age (years), weight (kg), body fat (%), lean body mass (kg) and chest circumference (cm). However, height (cm), and W/H ratio were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in male tennis players in comparison to female players. Insignificant differences were found for TV (L), SVC (L), FVC (L), FEV1 (L), FEV1/FVC (%), FEF25-75% (L/s), PEF (L/s) and MVV (L/min). The only significant difference (p < 0.05) in lung function measures between male and female trained tennis players was for PIF (L/s). Conclusions: Male tennis players were taller than female tennis players of same age range, which might be advantageous for males while playing. Insignificant differences between male and female players in the various lung variables measured indicated that the influence of height and gender differences could be minimized by proper training during puberty. A significantly higher PIF in male players indicated stronger and more powerful inspiratory muscle activity compared with female tennis players.

scholarly journals Respiratory changes in Parkinson's disease may be unrelated to dopaminergic dysfunction

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 847-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Ulhôa Guedes ◽  
Juliana Melo Rodrigues ◽  
Aline Andrioni Fernandes ◽  
Francisco E. Cardoso ◽  
Verônica Franco Parreira
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Dopaminergic Dysfunction ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) during the on and off periods of levodopa and to compare with healthy controls. METHODS: Twenty-six patients were analyzed with Hoehn and Yahr scores (2-3) and 26 age and gender matched-controls. Statistical analysis was performed with Student's t-test for paired and independent samples. RESULTS: MIP and MEP values in patients were significantly lower than the values obtained in controls both for off and on stages -excepted for MIP in women (p=0.28). For patients with PD, the studied parameters did not differ between stages on and off, with the exception of MEP in women (p=0.00). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PD have respiratory pressure lower than controls, even in early stages of the disease, and dopamine replacement has little impact over these respiratory pressures. These findings suggest that respiratory changes in PD may be unrelated to dopaminergic dysfunction.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effect of Slow-Stroke Back Massage on the Anxiety of Candidates for Cataract Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Maryam Keramati, MD ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Sargolzaei, MSc ◽  
Ali Moghadasi ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Basirinezhad, MSc ◽  
Reza Mohammadpourhodki
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Dependent Samples ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
Back Massage

Background: The patients under cataract sur-gery often experience anxiety not only during the surgery, but also prior to the surgery.Purpose: We sought to determine the effects of slow-stroke back massage on anxiety in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Setting: The study was conducted in the Amiral-momenin Hospital of Zabol city, south-east of Iran.Participants: A total of 60 candidates of cataract surgery participated in the study.Research Design: The participants were ran-domly allocated to either control or intervention groups. The intervention group received slow-stroke back massages, while patients in control group received routine interventions.Intervention: The slow-stroke back massage was performed on the patients assigned to the interven-tion group. The intervention was performed in the morning of the surgery day at 30 minutes before the surgery. The researcher performed each mas-sage session in a sitting position. The duration of each massage session was 15 minutes. Main Outcome Measures: Anxiety was assessed in the both groups in the morning of the surgery, before and immediately after the intervention. In-dependent samples Student’s t test, paired samples Student’s t test, and chi-squared test were used to analyze the data.Results: Anxiety was not significantly different between the two groups before and after the mas-sage (p = .816). On the other hand, paired samples Student’s t test showed a significant difference comparing the anxiety scores before (49.7±5.43) and after (45.16±3.89) the massage in the interven-tion group (p < .001). Conclusions: Based on our results, slow-stroke back massage, which is a low-cost and safe method, reduced anxiety in patients who were candidates for cataract surgery.

scholarly journals PASSIVE DOSIMETRY: COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN TWO EVALUATION METHODS OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Francisco Alves Pinheiro ◽  
José Lourenço Do Egito ◽  
Paulo José Adissi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Census Methods ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Sample Method ◽  
The City ◽  
Student’S T Test

The present study aims to compare the passive dosimetry sampling and census methods for the evaluation of pesticide exposure. The studies were carried out in the city of Petrolina - PE, in the São Francisco River Valley, under three working conditions: weeds, grape and acerola cultivation with the use of a hand-held sprayer in the Brazilian summer. For data analysis, descriptive statistical parameters and Student's T-test were used to compare the means of paired samples. Both methods evaluated the simulated manual application of pesticides. Given the results, it was concluded that there was a high discrepancy between exposure assessments in all treatments, with the sample method showing overestimated values, with differences greater than 200% and that the census method showed more reliable and accurate results with greater efficiency.

scholarly journals Surface Roughness of Auto Polymerized Acrylic Resin According to Different Manipulation and Polishing Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Siqueira Gonçalves ◽  
Ana Maria Spohr ◽  
Rodrigo Matos de Souza ◽  
Luciane Macedo de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Average Surface Roughness ◽  
Average Surface ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Mechanical Mass ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that no differences exists in the in situ level of surface roughness of an auto polymerized acrylic resin irrespective of the method of manipulation and polishing. Materials and Methods: Forty volunteers received the test specimens. Surface roughness was evaluated using a rugosimeter. Samples of auto polymerized acrylic resin were submitted to two methods of manipulation—mass and addition—as well as to two types of polishing—mechanical and chemical. Four test groups were designated according to manipulation and polishing techniques: mass-mechanical, mass-chemical, addition-mechanical, and addition-chemical. Five measures of surface roughness were taken from each sample and average surface roughness (Ra) was determined before and 20 days after the samples were worn by the volunteers. The data obtained were analyzed by the Student's t-test for paired samples as well as by analysis of variance. Results: Significant differences in Ra were found between mechanical and chemical polishing. Surface roughness was not influenced by manipulation techniques. Mechanical polishing presented the lowest values of Ra. There was a significant increase in surface roughness after volunteers wore the specimens for 20 days. Conclusions: The hypothesis is rejected. There were differences on the surface roughness according to the different methods of manipulation and polishing used, but high values of surface roughness were found for all groups. Mechanical polishing showed the lowest values of surface roughness and thus should be preferred.

scholarly journals Voice analysis before and after vocal tiredness

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
Mirjana Petrovic-Lazic ◽  
Snezana Babac ◽  
Milica Tatovic ◽  
Zoran Ivankovic
Keyword(s):  
Voice Quality ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Vocal Production ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Vocal Professionals ◽  
Casual Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background?Aim. A school teacher's occupation is one of the most vocal demanding professions. Vocal tiredness affects acoustic characteristics of voice, leads to the change in acoustic quality during vocal production. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of vocal tiredness on voice acoustic characteristics of school teachers. Methods. The study included 36 school teachers (16 male and 20 female) of 27-58 years of age. Vocal tiredness was evaluated by analyzing acoustic parameters of voice, using computerized laboratory ?Kay Elemetrics?. The voices were recorded before the first class on the beginning of a working week and after the last class at the end of a working week. Signal, noise and tremor parameters were processed. In their analysis the methods of descriptive statistics, as well as the analytical statistics (Student's t-test for paired samples, ?2 test, Mann Whitney U-test and Pearson?s correlation coefficient) were applied. Results. The obtained results showed statistically significant differences in average values of parameters as a consequence of the vocal tiredness (p < 0.01), while gender, age and being smoker or not, did not have a significant effect on voice acoustic characteristics in this group of examinees (p > 0.05). Conclusion. The results of the study suggest a casual relationship between vocal tiredness and voice quality in vocal professionals.

scholarly journals Δείκτες αναερόβιου μεταβολισμού και νεφρικής λειτουργίας σε ενδαγγειακές αποκαταστάσεις ανευρυσμάτων θωρακικής και κοιλιακής αορτής

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Σωτήριος Τσακιλιώτης
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair ◽  
Endovascular Aortic Repair ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Aortic Repair ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Σκοπός της μελέτης. Η αξιολόγηση της άρδευσης των ιστών και η κλινική σημασία της συγκέντρωσης των γαλακτικών, καθώς και η εκτίμηση της νεφρικής λειτουργίας, με τον έλεγχο της κρεατινίνης του ορού και της κάθαρσης της κρεατινίνης, κατά την ενδαγγειακή αποκατάσταση ανευρυσμάτων κοιλιακής (EVAR: Endovascular Aortic Repair) και θωρακικής αορτής (TEVAR: Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair) Οι μεταβλητές αυτές συσχετίζονται με τη χειρουργική τεχνική, την αναισθητική τεχνική και την έκβαση των ασθενών με την εμφάνιση επιπλοκών. Υλικό και μέθοδοι. Στην παρούσα μελέτη περιλήφθησαν 226 ασθενείς με την προεγχειρητική ένδειξη για ενδαγγειακή αποκατάσταση είτε κοιλιακής αορτής είτε θωρακικής αορτής. Η επέμβαση ολοκληρώθηκε ως ενδαγγειακή αποκατάσταση ανευρύσματος κοιλιακής αορτής σε 170 ασθενείς (11 γυναίκες ασθενείς) και σε 9 από τους 170 με την ένδειξη της επείγουσας αντιμετώπισης ρήξης ανευρύσματος κοιλιακής αορτής. Ως ενδαγγειακή αποκατάσταση ανευρύσματος θωρακικής αορτής η επέμβαση ολοκληρώθηκε σε 41 ασθενείς (5 γυναίκες) και σε 5 από τους 41 με την ένδειξη της επείγουσας αντιμετώπισης ρήξης ανευρύσματος θωρακικής αορτής. Σύμφωνα με το πρωτόκολλο έρευνας, η μέτρηση γαλακτικών γίνεται σε 4 συγκεκριμένες χρονικές στιγμές: Η πρώτη πραγματοποιείται μετά την εισαγωγή στη γενική αναισθησία (θωρακική ενδαγγειακή αποκατάσταση) ή την εφαρμογή της περιοχικής αναισθησίας (κυριότερη αναισθητική επιλογή στην ενδαγγειακή αποκατάσταση κοιλιακής αορτής) και αποτελεί και το δείγμα αναφοράς. Η δεύτερη μετά την έκπτυξη του μοσχεύματος στο κεντρική ζώνη στήριξης. Η τρίτη μέτρηση μετά την έκπτυξη του μοσχεύματος περιφερικά (διχαλωτή πρόθεση ή μονού αυλού μόσχευμα). Τέλος η τέταρτη μέτρηση συνδέεται με το τέλος της επέμβασης. Η επόμενη μέτρηση είναι άμεσα μετεγχειρητική είτε στη Μονάδα Εντατικής Θεραπείας (Μ.Ε.Θ.) είτε στη Μονάδα Μεταναισθητικής Φροντίδας (Μ.Α.Α.Φ.). Για τον έλεγχο της νεφρικής λειτουργίας χρησιμοποιήθηκαν η παράμετρος της κρεατινίνης και της κάθαρσης της κρεατινίνης σε δύο διαφορετικές χρονικές στιγμές: Η προεγχειρητική και η τιμή της πρώτης μετεγχειρητικής μέρας. Αντίστοιχα η κάθαρση της κρεατινίνης, ως δείκτης ρυθμού σπειραματικής διήθησης (GFR – glomerular filtration rate), υπολογίζεται σύμφωνα με τον τύπο Cockroft – Gault: Κάθαρση κρεατινίνης (ml/min) = [(140 – ηλικία/έτη) Χ (βάρος σώματος/Kg)] / [ 72 Χ κρεατινίνη ορού (mg/dl) X (0,85 για γυναίκες). Για τη βιοστατιστική ανάλυση των στοιχείων χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα προγράμματα στατιστικής ανάλυσης και επεξεργασίας δεδομένων (statistical package) SPSS 16.0 edition (SPSS for Windows) και Primer Biostatistics 4.0 for Windows. Η στατιστική ανάλυση των μη παραμετρικών δεδομένων πραγματοποιήθηκε με την κατά Friedman ανάλυση διακύμανσης σε συνδυασμό με τις δοκιμασίες signed rank Wilcoxon, Kruskal Wallis και Mann Whitney U. Για τα παραμετρικά δεδομένα χρησιμοποιήθηκαν οι δοκιμασίες Student’s t-test for paired samples και Analysis for Variance (ANOVA). Η δοκιμασία συσχετίσεων έγινε με τη δοκιμασία Pearson Correlation. Τα αποτελέσματα εκφράζονται ως Μέσος όρος ± Τυπικό Σφάλμα. Η στατιστική σημαντικότητα ορίστηκε ως *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. Αποτελέσματα. Συγκρίνοντας δημογραφικά στοιχεία και προεγχειρητικό εργαστηριακό έλεγχο των ασθενών, βλέπουμε ότι δεν υπάρχει στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά ανάμεσα στις δύο ομάδες της ενδαγγειακής αποκατάστασης (κοιλιακής και θωρακικής αορτής). Δεν υπάρχει καμιά συσχέτιση ανάμεσα στις εξεταζόμενες μεταβλητές της νεφρικής λειτουργίας και την εμφάνιση επιπλοκών (όπου επιπλοκές = διεγχειρητικές απώλειες αίματος, συνοδός χορήγηση παραγώγων αίματος, ενδεχόμενη ισχαιμία του σκέλους ή επανεγχείρηση του ασθενούς). Υπάρχει στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά ανάμεσα στα διαφορετικά είδη αναισθησίας και την παραγωγή ούρων. Συγκριτικά έχουμε: Ραχιαία αναισθησία – 669,43 ± 37,51 ml ούρων, Γενική αναισθησία – 933,26 ± 86,69, p,0.003. Σύμφωνα με τη σύγκριση των δύο διαφορετικών ομάδων (ομάδα κρεατινίνης < 1,3 mg/dl έναντι ομάδας κρεατινίνης >1,3 mg/dl), ενώ δεν υπάρχει στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά ως προς την τιμή της κρεατινίνης ορού, στον έλεγχο της 1ης μετεγχειρητικής μέρας ανάμεσα στις δύο ομάδες, ωστόσο υπάρχει στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά ως προς την κάθαρση της κρεατινίνης στον έλεγχο της 1ης μετεγχειρητικής μέρας ανάμεσα στις δύο ομάδες (ομάδα κρεατινίνης <1,3 mg/dl 89,44 ± 35,20 ml/min/1,73m² έναντι ομάδα κρεατινίνης >1,3 mg/dl 53,42 ± 23,37 ml/min/1,73m² p<0,0001). Αναφορικά με τις τιμές των γαλακτικών, ως κύριου δείκτη αναερόβιου μεταβολισμού, και τη μέτρησή τους σε συγκεκριμένες χρονικές στιγμές, διακρίνεται στην περίπτωση της ενδαγγειακής θωρακικής αποκατάστασης, αύξηση των γαλακτικών, σε σχέση με την ενδαγγειακή αποκατάσταση κοιλιακής αορτής (LACTATES 3 – EVAR 1,23 ± 0,04 έναντι TEVAR 2,56 ± 0,80, P<0,002, LACTATES 4 – EVAR 1,23 ± 0,08 έναντι TEVAR 2,04 ± 0,41, P<0,004). Με την ειδικότερη σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων ανάμεσα στα διαφορετικά είδη αναισθησίας διακρίνεται η ευεργετική επίδραση της περιοχικής αναισθησίας (ραχιαία αναισθησία ή συνδυασμός ραχιαίας και επισκληριδίου) στην ηπιότερη εμφάνιση των μεταβολικών διαταραχών. Τέλος διαπιστώνεται ότι υπάρχει συσχέτιση ανάμεσα στις διαδοχικές μετρήσεις γαλακτικών και την εμφάνιση επιπλοκών. Και ως επιπλοκές καταγράφηκαν μεγάλες ανακατανομές όγκων με διεγχειρητικές απώλειες αίματος, και συνοδό χορήγηση παραγώγων αίματος, ενδεχόμενη ισχαιμία του σκέλους ή επανεγχείρηση του ασθενούς. Συμπεράσματα. Στη μελέτη μας η κάθαρση της κρεατινίνης ως πρόσθετης παραμέτρου ελέγχου νεφρικής λειτουργίας, θεωρείται ακριβέστερος δείκτης σε σχέση με την κρεατινίνη του ορού. Αυτό πιστοποιείται καθώς σύμφωνα με τη σύγκριση των δύο διαφορετικών ομάδων (ομάδα κρεατινίνης < 1,3 mg/dl έναντι ομάδας κρεατινίνης >1,3 mg/dl), υπάρχει στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά ως προς την κάθαρση της κρεατινίνης στον έλεγχο της 1ης μετεγχειρητικής μέρας ανάμεσα στις δύο ομάδες, ενώ δεν υπάρχει στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά ως προς την τιμή της κρεατινίνης ορού. Είναι αναγκαία η εφαρμογή και η τήρηση ενός πρωτοκόλλου προστασίας της νεφρικής λειτουργίας, πριν την ενδαγγειακή επέμβαση. Διαπιστώνεται ότι ενώ δεν υπάρχει συσχέτιση ανάμεσα στις μεταβολές της κρεατινίνης, της κάθαρσης κρεατινίνης και της έκβασης των ασθενών, ωστόσο υπάρχει συσχέτιση ανάμεσα στις διαδοχικές μετρήσεις γαλακτικών και την έκβαση με την εμφάνιση επιπλοκών (όπου επιπλοκές = διεγχειρητικές απώλειες αίματος, συνοδός χορήγηση παραγώγων αίματος, ενδεχόμενη ισχαιμία του σκέλους ή επανεγχείρηση του ασθενούς). Σε σχέση με τη χειρουργική τεχνική, στην ενδαγγειακή αποκατάσταση ανευρύσματος θωρακικής αορτής έχουμε μεγαλύτερη παραγωγή ούρων και αυξημένες τιμές γαλακτικών σε σχέση με την ενδαγγειακή αποκατάσταση κοιλιακής αορτής. Σε σχέση με τη αναισθητική τεχνική, στη ραχιαία έχουμε μικρότερη διούρηση σε σχέση με τη γενική αναισθησία, όπως και πιο ήπιες μεταβολικές διαταραχές στην περιοχική αναισθησία.

scholarly journals The state of creativity in adolescents with intellectual disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (44) ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
H.Yu. Yeremenko ◽  
S.D. Yakovleva ◽  
O.V. Sagan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The State ◽  
T Test ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The objective of the article is to investigate empirically and substantiate theoretically the state of creativity in adolescents with intellectual disabilities; to reveal gender differences and changes in creativity during puberty in 13-15-year old adolescents. Davis's standardized technique was used to determine the respondents’ creativity. Obtained data were processed using Student’s t-test for paired samples. The obtained results showed existing but not realized capabilities of adolescents with intellectual disabilities, so special correctional and developmental work should be performed with them.

scholarly journals Anxiety in Jiu-Jitsu athletes: differences according to age and competitive level

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e743986488
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lucas Morais Freire ◽  
Júlia Cavalcanti Ferraz ◽  
Dalton de Lima-Junior ◽  
Carla Thamires Laranjeira Granja ◽  
Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Association ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Anxiety ◽  
Competitive Athletes ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Lower Magnitude ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Intervening Factors ◽  
Student’S T Test

The aim of this study was to analyze pre-competitive anxiety based on the age range and competitive classification of 26 jiu-jitsu athletes aged 25.5 ± 5.24 years. The instrument used was the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2). Data analysis was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk, independent Student's t-test, Pearson's correlation and simple linear regression (p <0.05). The results revealed that older and more competitive athletes presented a lower magnitude of cognitive anxiety (p <0.05). We observed a moderate and inverse association (r = -0.63, p <0.05) between cognitive anxiety and age, accounting for 38% (R2 = 0.38) of the variance of cognitive anxiety in athletes. It was concluded that age and competitive classification can be considered as intervening factors in the pre-competitive anxiety of jiu-jitsu athletes, specifically in cognitive anxiety.

scholarly journals ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIAL AND SUCCESS IN BUSINESS: A STUDY ON ELEMENTS OF CONVERGENCE AND EXPLANATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 188-215
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO HENRIQUE SILVA DE SOUZA ◽  
PAULO DA CRUZ FREIRE DOS SANTOS ◽  
NILTON CESAR LIMA ◽  
NICHOLAS JOSEPH TAVARES DA CRUZ ◽  
ÁLVARO GUILLERMO ROJAS LEZANA
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Business Goals ◽  
Successful Entrepreneurs ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Purpose: The study aimed to verify whether there is a difference of entrepreneurial potential between successful entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs who have failed; and whether there are variables that may work as a means of prediction to the success or failure of an entrepreneur. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: It brings up an innovative approach to the entrepreneurship researches, which main content is in the empirical operationalization of success and failure on business for the testing of specific hypothesis and the identification of the antecedents and consequences of entrepreneurial potential. Key methodological aspects: The research was conducted on a descriptive and quantitative approach. We applied the scale of entrepreneurial potential in 246 entrepreneurs, which 100 correspond to the analysis criteria, operationally, as successful entrepreneurs (n = 50) and entrepreneurs who failed (n = 50). Data were analysed by statistics techniques of logistic regression and Student's t test. Summary of key results: Results show that the successful entrepreneur has higher scores in entrepreneur potential scale than the entrepreneur who failed, in which the main convergence between entrepreneurial potential and business success is the setting business goals. In the investigated sample, the gender showed being a strong predictor of business success, indicating that men have 2.8 times greater chance of success in business than women. Key considerations/conclusions: In our opinion, the results found shed light on crucial elements to the explanation of business success and corroborate recent results brought by research on entrepreneurship and gender.

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