scholarly journals The effects of maternal dietary supplementation of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and 25(OH)D3 on sow and progeny performance1

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 692-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan T Thayer ◽  
Jim L Nelssen ◽  
Austin J Langemeier ◽  
Jodi M Morton ◽  
John M Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Fiber Number ◽  
Muscle Fiber Number ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract A total of 69 sows (DNA Line 200 × 400) and their progeny were used to determine if feeding a combination of vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 influences neonatal and sow vitamin D status, muscle fiber morphometrics at birth and weaning, and subsequent growth performance. Within 3 d of breeding, sows were allotted to one of three dietary treatments fortified with 1,500 IU/kg vitamin D3 (CON), 500 IU/kg vitamin D3 + 25 μg/kg 25(OH)D3 (DL), or 1,500 IU/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25(OH)D3 (DH). When pigs were sacrificed at birth, there were no treatment effects for all fiber morphometric measures (P > 0.170), except primary fiber number and the ratio of secondary to primary muscle fibers (P < 0.016). Pigs from CON fed sows had fewer primary fibers than pigs from sows fed the DH treatment (P = 0.014), with pigs from sows fed DL treatment not differing from either (P > 0.104). Pigs from CON and DL fed sows had a greater secondary to primary muscle fiber ratio compared to pigs from DH sows (P < 0.022) but did not differ from each other (P = 0.994). There were treatment × time interactions for all sow and pig serum metabolites (P < 0.001). Therefore, treatment means were compared within the time period. At all time periods, sow serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations differed for all treatments with the magnitude of difference largest at weaning (P < 0.011), where serum 25(OH)D3 concentration was always the greatest when sows were fed the DH diet. At birth, piglets from DH fed sows had greater serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations than piglets from sows fed the DL treatment (P = 0.003), with piglets from sows fed CON treatment not differing from either (P > 0.061). At weaning, serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3 in piglets from all sow treatments were different (P < 0.001), with the greatest concentration in piglets from DH sows, followed by CON, and followed by DL. There were no treatment × time interactions for any of the metabolites measured in milk and no treatment or time main effects for 24,25(OH)2D3 concentration (P > 0.068). Colostrum collected within 12 h of parturition contained less (P = 0.001) 25(OH)D3 than milk collected on day 21 of lactation. Regardless of time, concentrations of 25(OH)D3 in milk were different (P < 0.030), with the largest 25(OH)D3 concentration from DH fed sows, followed by DL, and then CON. In conclusion, combining vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 in the maternal diet improves the vitamin D status of the dam and progeny and it increases primary muscle fiber number at birth.

scholarly journals PSVII-14 The effects of maternal dietary supplementation of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and 25(OH)D3 on progeny muscle fiber measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 218-218
Author(s):  
Morgan T Thayer ◽  
Jim L Nelssen ◽  
Austin J Langemeier ◽  
Jodi M Morton ◽  
John M Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fiber Number ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Average Body

Abstract A total of 36 sows (DNA Line 200 × 400) and their progeny were used to determine if feeding a combination of vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 influences progeny muscle fiber morphometrics. Within 3 d of breeding, sows were allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments fortified with 1,500 IU/kg vitamin D3 (CON), 500 IU/kg vitamin D3 + 25 μg/kg 25(OH)D3 (DL), or 1,500 IU/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25(OH)D3 (DH). One average body weight male per litter was euthanized within 24 h of birth (n = 36) and at weaning on d 21 of lactation (n = 35). Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with maternal dietary treatment as the fixed effect. When pigs were sacrificed at birth, there were no treatment effects for fiber morphometric measures (P > 0.170), except for primary fiber number and secondary to primary muscle fiber ratio (P < 0.016). Pigs from CON fed sows had fewer primary fibers than pigs from sows fed the DH treatment (P = 0.014), with the DL treatment not differing from either (P > 0.104). Pigs from CON and DL fed sows had greater secondary to primary fiber ratios compared to pigs from DH sows (P < 0.022), but did not differ from each other (P = 0.994). When pigs were sacrificed at weaning, there were no treatment effects on all fiber morphometric measures (P > 0.129). In conclusion, combining vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 in the maternal diet increased primary muscle fibers at birth, but this effect was not seen at weaning.

scholarly journals PSVII-13 The effects of maternal dietary supplementation of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and 25(OH)D3 on sow and progeny vitamin D3 status

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 217-218
Author(s):  
Morgan T Thayer ◽  
Jim L Nelssen ◽  
Austin J Langemeier ◽  
Jodi M Morton ◽  
John M Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Pig Serum

Abstract A total of 69 sows (DNA Line 200 × 400) and their progeny were used to determine if feeding a combination of vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 influences neonatal and sow vitamin D3 status. Within 3 d of breeding, sows were allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments fortified with 1,500 IU/kg vitamin D3 (CON), 500 IU/kg vitamin D3 + 25 μg/kg 25(OH)D3 (DL), or 1,500 IU/kg vitamin D3 + 50 μg/kg 25(OH)D3 (DH). There were treatment × time interactions for sow and pig serum metabolites (P < 0.001). Therefore, treatment means were compared within time period. At all time periods, sow serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations differed for all treatments with the magnitude of difference largest at weaning (P < 0.011), where serum 25(OH)D3 concentration was always the greatest when sows were fed the DH diet. At birth, piglets from DH fed sows had greater serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations than piglets from sows fed the DL treatment (P = 0.003), with piglets from sows fed CON treatment not differing from either (P > 0.061). At weaning, serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3 in piglets from all sow treatments were different (P < 0.001), with the greatest concentration in piglets from DH sows, followed by CON, and followed by DL. There were no treatment × time interactions for any of the metabolites measured in milk and no main effects for 24,25(OH)2D3 concentration (P > 0.068). Colostrum collected within 12 h of parturition contained less (P = 0.001) 25(OH)D3 than milk collected on d 21 of lactation. Regardless of time, concentrations of 25(OH)D3 in milk were different (P < 0.030), with the largest 25(OH)D3 concentration from DH fed sows, followed by DL and then CON. In conclusion, combining vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 in the maternal diet improves the vitamin D3 status of the dam and progeny.

Vitamin D Deficiency/Insufficiency and Challenges in Developing Global Vitamin D Fortification and Supplementation Policy in Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Ben-Shoshan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Societal Burden ◽  
Time Period ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
In Cis

This review summarizes studies discussing vitamin D status in adults and reveals that vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is highly prevalent in adults and that current fortification and supplementation policies are inadequate. Background and aims: Studies suggest a crucial role for adequate vitamin D status in various health conditions including bone metabolism, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and allergies. However, relatively little is known about poor vitamin D status and unmet needs in adults. This report aims to highlight the contribution of epidemiologic studies (through the identification of health effects and societal burden) to the development of vitamin D fortification and supplementation policies and reveal unmet global challenges in adults. Methods: In order to assess worldwide vitamin D status in adults, the search strategy combined the medical literature database MEDLINE (using PubMed) for the time period between January 1, 1980 and February 28, 2011, using the key words “vitamin D” “deficiency” and “insufficiency”, and included articles in which access to full text was possible and in which healthy adults were assessed according to one of four commonly used vitamin D threshold classifications. Results: This report reveals that vitamin D deficiency occurs in 4.10 % [95 % CI (confidence interval), 3.93 %, 4.27 %] to 55.05 % (54.07 %, 56.03 %) of adults, while insufficiency occurs in 26.07 % (24.82 %, 27.33 %) to 78.50 % (77.85 %, 79.16 %), depending on the classification used. However, lack of overlap in CIs and high value of I2 statistics indicate considerable heterogeneity between studies. Further, certain populations (i. e. dark-skinned individuals, immigrants, and pregnant women) may be at higher risk for poor vitamin D status. Conclusion: Current policies for vitamin D supplementation and fortification are inadequate and new guidelines are required to improve vitamin D status in adults.

scholarly journals Improvement of Vitamin D Status in Japanese Institutionalized Elderly by Supplementation with 800 IU of Vitamin D3

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko KUWABARA ◽  
Naoko TSUGAWA ◽  
Kiyoshi TANAKA ◽  
Minori FUJII ◽  
Nobuko KAWAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly

Calcium absorption and intestinal calcium-binding protein: quantitative relationship.

1979 ◽  
Vol 236 (5) ◽  
pp. E556 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Feher ◽  
R H Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Calcium Binding Protein ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Loop Technique

The concentration of the vitamin D-induced calcium-binding protein (CaBP) and calcium absorption from the duodenum were investigated in chicks with an in vivo ligated-loop technique. The relation between CaBP and calcium absorption was dependent on a) source of vitamin D activity (either vitamin D3 or 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol); b) dosage of vitamin D3; c) time after administration of vitamin D3 to rachitic animals. To aid in the interpretation of these results, a phenomenological model was developed in which CaBP was viewed as being linearly related to a portion of calcium absorption. The model, when applied to the data, suggests that there is a "nonfunctional" pool of CaBP the size of which is determined by the vitamin D status of the animal. After correction for this nonfunctional pool, the proportionality between CaBP and calcium absorption is independent of the vitamin D status of the animal.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation of the Vitamin D Binding Protein Affects Vitamin D Status and Response to Supplementation in Infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 5483-5498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Enlund-Cerullo ◽  
Laura Koljonen ◽  
Elisa Holmlund-Suila ◽  
Helena Hauta-alus ◽  
Jenni Rosendahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Binding Protein ◽  
Term Infants

Abstract Context Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the vitamin D binding protein encoding the GC (group component) gene affect 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations, but their influence on vitamin D status and response to vitamin D supplementation in infants is unknown. Objective To study GC genotype–related differences in 25OHD concentrations and the response to supplementation during a vitamin D intervention study in infants. Design In this randomized controlled trial, healthy term infants received vitamin D3 (10 or 30 μg/d) from 2 weeks to 24 months of age. GC SNPs rs2282679, rs4588, rs7041, and rs1155563 were genotyped. rs4588/7041 diplotype and haplotypes of rs2282679, rs4588, and rs7041 (Haplo3SNP) and of all four SNPs (Haplo4SNP) were determined. Main Outcome Measures 25OHD measured in cord blood at birth and at 12 and 24 months during intervention. Results A total of 913 infants were included. Minor allele homozygosity of all studied GC SNPs, their combined haplotypes, and rs4588/rs7041 diplotype 2/2 were associated with lower 25OHD concentrations at all time points in one or both intervention groups [analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) P < 0.043], with the exception of rs7041, which did not affect 25OHD at birth. In the high-dose supplementation group receiving 30 μg/d vitamin D3, but not in those receiving 10 µg/d, genotype of rs2282679, rs4588, and rs7041; diplotype; and Haplo3SNP significantly affected intervention response (repeated measurement ANCOVA Pinteraction < 0.019). Minor allele homozygotes had lower 25OHD concentrations and smaller increases in 25OHD throughout the intervention. Conclusions In infants, vitamin D binding protein genotype affects 25OHD concentration and efficiency of high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation.

scholarly journals A study to evaluate serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and calcium levels in maternal and cord blood and their effect on pregnancy outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Radha B. P. Thangappah ◽  
Ursula Sampson ◽  
Amrin Azad ◽  
Rathna Arumugam ◽  
Smriti Anand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
South Indian ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Very High ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Background: To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant mothers and their neonates and to study the effect of vitamin D deficiency on maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: This prospective cohort study conducted in a teaching hospital included 223 pregnant mothers and their offspring born in 2017. Detailed history was taken to ascertain the causes of vitamin D deficiency.   vitamin D3 and calcium levels were estimated in maternal and cord blood samples. To study the association between the vitamin D status and the various maternal and neonatal parameters.Results: 91.9 % of women were house wives involved in indoor activities. Pre-eclampsia and GDM were seen in 4.5% of cases each. 5.41% were obese and 84%  were of medium complexion,  and 8% were  dark. 93.7% were non- vegetarians,  and fish, egg and milk consumption was adequate in 61.3% , 64% and 71% respectively. Only 5.40% of women had adequate exposure to sunlight.  The mean birth weight was 3.08± 0.36 Kg. and 14 babies were admitted to NICU for neonatal asphyxia.77.40% had deficient levels of vitamin D  <20 ng/ml. Only four pregnant mothers (1.8%) had sufficient levels vitamin D. There was no statistically significant association between vitamin D deficiency and various maternal and neonatal parameters.Conclusions: This study has shown that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among south Indian pregnant mothers and their newborn is very high and the ways to improve the vitamin D status among pregnant mothers should be looked at.

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