Low socio-economic status associated with increased risk of dengue haemorrhagic fever in Taiwanese patients with dengue fever: a population-based cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Ju Lai ◽  
Hsin-Hao Lai ◽  
Yu-Yen Chen ◽  
Ming-Chung Ko ◽  
Chu-Chieh Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Evidence indicates that socio-economic status (SES) may affect health outcomes in patients with chronic diseases. However, little is known about the impact of SES on the prognosis of acute dengue. This nationwide cohort study determined the risk of dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Taiwanese dengue fever patients from 2000 to 2014. Methods From 1 January 2000, we identified adult dengue cases reported in the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System Database. Dengue cases were defined as positive virus isolation, nucleic acid amplification tests or serological tests. Associations between SES and incident DHF were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results Of 27 750 dengue patients, 985 (3.5%) had incident DHF during the follow-up period, including 442 (4.8%) and 543 (2.9%) with low and high SES, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, history of dengue fever and comorbidities, low SES was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident DHF (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 1.61 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.42 to 1.83]). Rural-dwelling dengue patients had a higher likelihood of DHF complication than their urban counterparts (AHR 2.18 [95% CI 1.90 to 2.51]). Conclusions This study suggests low SES is an independent risk factor for DHF. Future dengue control programs should particularly target dengue patients with low SES for improved outcomes.

scholarly journals Risk factors for hospitalizations associated with depression among women during the years around a birth: a retrospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Christine Fairthorne ◽  
Tim F Oberlander ◽  
Rollin Brant ◽  
Gillian E Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Post Partum Depression ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Increased Risk

IntroductionSocio-economic status (SES) is an important determinant of health and low SES is associated with higher rates of prenatal and post-partum depression while prenatal and post-partum depression are associated with sub-optimal maternal and infant health. Furthermore, increased negative effects of post-partum depression have been reported in children from low SES backgrounds. ObjectivesTo assess whether socio-economic status (SES) was related to the risk of a medical or psychiatric hospitalization associated with depression (HAWD) and the risk of a HAWD by anti-depressant (AD) use during the years around a birth MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used linked birth, hospitalization, prescription and tax-file records of the study cohort. We linked registry data of 243,933 women delivering 348,273 live infants in British Columbia (1999-2009). The outcomes of interest were a HAWD and a HAWD and the associated patient anti-depressant (AD) use. Ranked area-based measures of equivalised, family disposable income were used to create income deciles (Decile-1 low), our proxy for SES. Mothers from Decile-6 were the comparator group. Anti-depressant use was defined as having a prenatal prescription for a serotonin reuptake inhibitor or other AD and the years around a birth were the period beginning 12 months before conception and ending 12 months after the birth. We analysed by pregnancy using mixed effects logistic regression whilst adjusting for maternal age and parity. ResultsCompared to middle-income mothers from Decile-6, (Decile-1, Decile-2) mothers from low income neighbourhoods had increased odds of HAWDs [aOR=1.77(CI: 1.43, 2.19); aOR=1.56(CI: 1.26, 1.94)]. Mothers from low income areas with depression and no AD use had even higher odds of HAWDs [aOR=1.83(CI: 1.33, 2.20); aOR=1.71(CI: 1.33, 2.20)]. ConclusionsResults provide preliminary evidence that barriers to treating depression with ADs in mothers from low income areas during the years around a birth might contribute to their increased risk of a hospitalization associated with non-pharmacologically treated depression. Further research is implicated to further elucidate the origins of this increased risk. KeywordsMothers; Socio-economic status; Antidepressive agents; Pregnancy; Post-partum period; Parturition; Prescriptions; Hospitalization. Disclaimer All inferences, opinions, and conclusions drawn in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not reflect the opinions or policies of the Data Stewards of Population Data BC.

scholarly journals Is socio-economic status a determinant of HIV-related stigma attitudes in Zimbabwe? Findings from Project Accept

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kudzanai Mateveke ◽  
Basant Singh ◽  
Alfred Chingono ◽  
E. Sibanda ◽  
Ian Machingura
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
The Impact

HIV related stigma and discrimination is a known barrier for HIV prevention and care. We aimed to assess the relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and HIV related stigma in Zimbabwe. This paper uses data from Project Accept, which examined the impact of community-based voluntary counseling and testing intervention on HIV incidence and stigma. Total of 2522 eligible participants responded to a psychometric assessment tool, which assessed HIV related stigma and discrimination attitudes on 4 point Likert scale. The tool measured three components of HIVrelated stigma: shame, blame and social isolation, perceived discrimination, and equity. Participants’ ownership of basic assets was used to assess the socio-economic status. Shame, blame and social isolation component of HIV related stigma was found to be significantly associated with medium [odds ratio (OR)=1.73, P<0.01] and low SES (OR=1.97, P<0.01), indicating more stigmatizing attitudes by participants belonging to medium and low SES in comparison to high SES. For HIV related stigma and discrimination programs to be effective, they should take into account the socio-economic context of target population.

Contextualising indicators of socio-economic status: Chronic illness as lived experience of SES

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Walker ◽  
Chris Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Self Management ◽  
General Level ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Impact

The concept of socio-economic status (SES) has been recognised as playing an important role in the incidence and experience of chronic illness (Taylor, 1983; Najman 1988; Syme, 1998; Marmot, 2000). Yet just how SES interacts with the experience of chronic illness has not been well researched. For example, researchers are unable to categorically state if living conditions and life opportunities associated with low SES lead to a greater propensity for developing a chronic illness, or if the experience and consequences of having a chronic illness lead to developing low SES characteristics, or both. Neither has research provided good data on the mediating roles of factors such as ethnic background and location of residence on the relationship between SES and chronic illness. Self-management programs for chronic disease require different capacities from participants to produce good outcomes. These capacities are to some degree dependent on level of education, type of job, and general level of socio-economic status. Therefore, the level of SES of people with a chronic disease is important to understanding how they will respond to self-management approaches. For example, people with a chronic disease from lower SES backgrounds can be expected in some instances to have a different set of coping capacities with their disease (partly a function of income, education, and work experience) compared to those from higher SES backgrounds. The socio-economic status of people with a chronic disease is an important area for investigation that has implications for the efficacy of self-management programs. This paper will argue that while SES is a vital concept in understanding the impact of chronic illness on people?s lived experiences for many conditions, current approaches oversimplify it by quarantining it from its context. Researchers tend to treat SES as a stable composite concept whose application illuminates the social basis of the illness experience. More frequently, we arrive at an explanation of simplified relationships rather than an explanation of the relationships between chronic ill health and SES as lived by members of real communities (Frank, 1990; Zola, 1991).

Low Socio-Economic Status is Associated with Increased Risk of Frequent Headache: A Prospective Study of 22718 Adults in Norway

Cephalalgia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 672-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Hagen ◽  
L Vatten ◽  
LJ Stovner ◽  
J-A Zwart ◽  
S Krokstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Chronic Headache ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
A Prospective Study

Prevalence studies exploring the relation between socio-economic status (SES) and headache have shown conflicting results. This is the first prospective study analysing the relation between SES and risk of headache. A total of 22 685 adults not likely to suffer from headache were classified by SES at baseline in 1984-1986, and responded to a headache questionnaire in a follow-up 11 years later (1995-1997). SES at baseline was defined by educational level, occupation, and income. The risk of frequent headache and chronic headache (> 6, and ≥ 15 days/month, respectively) at follow-up was estimated in relation to SES. When defining SES by educational level or type of occupation, low status was associated with increased risk of frequent and chronic headache at follow-up. The risk of frequent and chronic headache decreased with increasing individual income, but only among men. We conclude that individuals with low SES had higher risk of frequent and chronic headache than people with high SES.

scholarly journals Inter-generational longitudinal study of social class and depression: A test of social causation and social selection models

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (S40) ◽  
pp. s84-s90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. B. Ritsher ◽  
Virginia Warner ◽  
Jeffrey G. Johnson ◽  
Bruce P. Dohrenwend
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Social Selection ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Social Causation ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Offspring Gender

BackgroundGenerations of epidemiologists have documented an association between low socio-economic status (SES) and depression (variously defined), but debate continues as to which is the causative factor.AimsTo test the extent to which social causation (low SES causing depression) and social selection (depression causing low SES) processes are in evidence in an inter-generational longitudinal study.MethodParticipants (n=756) were interviewed up to four times over 17 years using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS).ResultsLow parental education was associated with increased risk for offspring depression, even after controlling for parental depression, offspring gender and offspring age. Neither parental nor offspring depression predicted later levels of offspring occupation, education or income.ConclusionThere is evidence for an effect of parental SES on offspring depression (social causation) but not for an effect of either parental or offspring depression on offspring SES (social selection).

scholarly journals The impact of wealth status on dietary diversity of infants and young children in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. Lenighan ◽  
Imelda Angeles-Agdeppa ◽  
Marvin B. Toledo ◽  
Mario V. Capanzana ◽  
Emma F Jacquier
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroductionDietary diversity and socio-economic status are recognised as determinants of childhood malnutrition. The impact of wealth status on dietary diversity of infants and toddlers in Filipino infants and toddlers is currently unknown. Therefore, the aim of this analysis was to describe the impact of wealth status on dietary patterns using data from the 2013 Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS).MethodsThe FITS is a cross-sectional, national survey of infants (6–11.9mo;n = 362), younger toddlers (12–17.9mo;n = 360) and older toddlers (18–23.9mo;n = 373). Dietary data were collected using 24-hour recalls. Percentage consumption of food groups were calculated. Data were stratified by socio-economic status (SES) based on the characteristics of their dwelling units.ResultsFifty percent of the population were classified as low-SES, 20% middle-SES and 30% high-SES. Rice was the most commonly consumed food across all ages, followed by human milk and infant formula in infants and younger toddlers. Sixty-nine percent of infants from the low-SES consumed human milk compared to 41% of infants from the high-SES. In contrast, infant formula was consumed by 62% of high-SES infants compared to 25% of low-SES infants. Similarly, 54% of younger toddlers from the low-SES consumed human milk, compared to 24% of children from the high-SES, and only 10% of toddlers from poor-SES consumed toddler formula, compared to 47% of toddlers from the high-SES. Differences in non-milk based food groups were more evident in the older toddlers. Rice was consumed by approximately 90% of this population. Fish consumption varied by SES among toddlers (45% in low-SES compared to 33% in high-SES). However, pork, chicken and sausages were consumed by less than 10% of toddlers from the low-SES compared to 18%, 16% and 25%, respectively, from the high-SES. Vegetables were more highly consumed by toddlers from the low-SES (34%) than the high-SES (27%). Approximately 20% of older toddlers consumed cookies and 22% consumed sugar sweetened beverages, while cakes were consumed by 18% of toddlers from the high-SES compared to only 5% of toddlers from the low-SES.DiscussionDietary diversity in Filipino infants and toddlers is very limited. Rice, human milk and infant formula are the main source of nutrients for infants and young toddlers. Typically, there is low consumption of vegetables and protein-containing foods and high consumption of sugary foods, which is further impacted by SES. These data can be used to support public health initiatives to improve dietary diversity in the first years of life.

scholarly journals Longitudinal study assessing the joint effects of socio-economic status and birth risks on adult emotional and nervous conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (S40) ◽  
pp. s78-s83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela P. Fan ◽  
William W. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Birth Complications ◽  
Lower Income Group ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundPrevious investigations into the impact of birth complications and social environment have generally followed their subjects only at young ages.AimsTo assess the long-range impact of socio-economic status (SES) and birth risks on the development of emotional and nervous conditions through adulthood.MethodThe Johns Hopkins Pathways Study interviewed 1824 subjects born between 1960 and 1965. The median household income of the children at age 7–8 years was used to divide the cohort into high and low income categories. Differences in lifetime prevalence of emotional and nervous conditions through adulthood between the two income groups were identified.ResultsChildren in the lower income group were 1.86 times more likely to report an emotional or nervous condition in adult life. Boys in the lower income group at age 7–8 years were 3.2 times more likely to do so. The risks of difficult birth for adult mental disturbance were accentuated in the low-income group.ConclusionsChildren who experience birth complications are at increased risk of developing adult mental disturbances; this increase is mitigated by higher SES.

Body mass index and risk of all-cause mortality in normotensive and hypertensive adults: The Rural Chinese Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Qionggui Zhou ◽  
Xuejiao Liu ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Pei Qin ◽  
Yongcheng Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Chinese Cohort ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: The impact of baseline hypertension status on the BMI–mortality association is still unclear. We aimed to examine the moderation effect of hypertension on the BMI–mortality association using a rural Chinese cohort. Design: In this cohort study, we investigated the incident of mortality according to different BMI categories by hypertension status. Setting: Longitudinal population-based cohort Participants: 17,262 adults ≥18 years were recruited from July to August of 2013 and July to August of 2014 from a rural area in China. Results: During a median 6-year follow-up, we recorded 1109 deaths (610 with and 499 without hypertension). In adjusted models, as compared with BMI 22-24 kg/m2, with BMI ≤18, 18-20, 20-22, 24-26, 26-28, 28-30 and >30 kg/m2, the HRs (95% CI) for mortality in normotensive participants were 1.92 (1.23-3.00), 1.44 (1.01-2.05), 1.14 (0.82-1.58), 0.96 (0.70-1.31), 0.96 (0.65-1.43), 1.32 (0.81-2.14), and 1.32 (0.74-2.35) respectively, and in hypertensive participants were 1.85 (1.08-3.17), 1.67 (1.17-2.39), 1.29 (0.95-1.75), 1.20 (0.91-1.58), 1.10 (0.83-1.46), 1.10 (0.80-1.52), and 0.61 (0.40-0.94) respectively. The risk of mortality was lower in individuals with hypertension with overweight or obesity versus normal weight, especially in older hypertensives (≥60 years old). Sensitivity analyses gave consistent results for both normotensive and hypertensive participants. Conclusions: Low BMI was significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality regardless of hypertension status in rural Chinese adults, but high BMI decreased the mortality risk among individuals with hypertension, especially in older hypertensives.

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