Growth Environment Influences Grain Protein Composition and Dough Functional Properties in Three Australian Wheat Cultivars

A procedure using numerical analysis has been devised for illustrating ancestry relationships. It has been applied to 60 wheat cultivars recently grown in Australia. The program also permits the grouping of parents to indicate those that are often used in combination. The network illustrating pedigree relationships between these cultivars corresponded closely to a second network which illustrated phenotypic similarities (morphology of plants, heads and grains, agronomic characteristics, grain quality and gluten composition). The specific attributes that most closely followed pedigree relationships were identified in this set of wheats. These procedures thus provide a basis for evaluating the role of pedigree in observed associations between phenotypic characteristics.

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N Partitioning between Gluten Fractions in a Set of Italian Durum Wheat Cultivars: Role of the Grain N Content

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9111684 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1684

Author(s):

Marina Mefleh ◽

Rosella Motzo ◽

Marie-Franҫoise Samson ◽

Marie-Hélène Morel ◽

Francesco Giunta

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Protein Composition ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Protein Fractions ◽

Quality Trait ◽

Grain Protein ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

N Content

Grain protein content constitutes a key quality trait for durum wheat end-products and may also impact grain protein composition. A total of sixteen durum wheat cultivars were analyzed in a field trial during two seasons at two nitrogen (N) levels to evaluate whether and to what extent the variation in total grain N was associated with variation in the quantity of the various protein fractions and grain quality parameters. Genotypic variation in grain N content correlated with the variation in the content of all three protein fractions, although the strength of the correlation with gliadin and albumin-globulin was higher than that with glutenins. Genotypic variation in gliadin and glutenin content was more tightly correlated with the variation in the sulfur (S)-rich protein groups than with the S-poor protein groups and subunits. The variation in the percentage of unextractable polymeric proteins (UPP%) among genotypes was independent of their glutenin allelic composition. The significant genotypic differences in UPP% and in the ratios between protein groups and subunits were not influenced by the corresponding variation in grain N content. The final grain N content can only account for part of the variation in quality parameters and in the partitioning of total grain N between protein fractions since genotypic differences other than grain N content also contribute to these variations.

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Change in Grain Protein Composition of Winter Wheat Cultivars Under Different Levels of N and Water Stress

Developments in Plant Breeding - Wheat Production in Stressed Environments ◽

10.1007/1-4020-5497-1_65 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 535-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. Saint Pierre ◽

C. J. Peterson ◽

A. S. Ross ◽

J. Ohm ◽

M. C. Verhoeven ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Protein Composition ◽

Grain Protein ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽

Different Levels

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Identification of Australian wheat cultivars by laboratory procedures: examination of pure samples of grain

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9740796 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 14 (71) ◽

pp. 796 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

CW Wrigley ◽

KW Shepherd

Keyword(s):

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Grain Hardness ◽

Additional Information ◽

Size Index ◽

Starch Gel ◽

Australian Wheat ◽

Laboratory Procedures ◽

Single Grain

Three laboratory procedures have been examined for the identification of about fifty wheat cultivars currently grown in Australia. The most discriminating of these methods is starch gel electrophoresis of gliadin proteins extracted from a single grain or from meal. This procedure is capable of identifying many of the cultivars directly. However, in some cases identification is complicated by the observation of more than one biotype for a cultivar on the basis of this test. By comparison, a larger number of grains can be examined by the qualitative phenol test but it is less discriminating. Additional information is provided by applying the test to glumes. Thirdly, quantitative assessment of grain hardness, measuring either particle size index or pearling resistance, gives a division of cultivars into about five groups. Specific results are listed for all methods so that the most suitable procedure can be chosen for distinguishing a particular group of cultivars.

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Pyramiding of Genes for Grain Protein Content, Grain Quality and Rust Resistance in Eleven Indian Bread Wheat Cultivars: A Multi-Institutional Effort

10.21203/rs.3.rs-637558/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pushpendra K. Gupta ◽

Harindra S. Balyan ◽

Parveen Chhuneja ◽

Jai P. Jaiswal ◽

Shubhada Tamhankar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Grain Protein Content ◽

Grain Protein ◽

Loaf Volume ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Glutenin Subunits ◽

Hmw Glutenin Subunits ◽

Hmw Glutenin

Abstract Improvement of grain protein content (GPC), loaf volume and resistance to rusts was achieved in 11 Indian wheat cultivars that are widely grown in four different agro-climatic zones of India. This involved use of marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) for introgression and pyramiding of the following genes: (i) the high GPC gene Gpc-B1; (ii) HMW glutenin subunits 5 + 10 at Glu-D1 loci, and (iii) rust resistance genes, Yr36, Yr15, Lr24 and Sr24. GPC was improved by 0.8–3.3%, although high GPC was generally associated with yield penalty. Further selection among high GPC lines, allowed development of progenies with higher GPC associated with improvement in 1000-grain weight and grain yield in the following four cultivars: NI5439, UP2338, UP2382 and HUW468. The high GPC progenies (derived from NI5439) were also improved for grain quality using HMW glutenin subunits 5 + 10 at Glu-D1 loci. Similarly, progenies combining high GPC and rust resistance were developed in the backgrounds of following five cultivars: Lok1, HD2967, PBW550, PBW621 and DBW1. The improved pre-bred lines developed during the present study should prove useful for development of cultivars with improved nutritional quality associated with rust resistance in future wheat breeding programmes.

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The Effect of Abiotic Stresses on the Protein Composition of Four Hungarian Wheat Varieties

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants11010001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Dalma Nagy-Réder ◽

Zsófia Birinyi ◽

Marianna Rakszegi ◽

Ferenc Békés ◽

Gyöngyvér Gell

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Protein Content ◽

Functional Properties ◽

Crop Production ◽

Global Climate ◽

Protein Composition ◽

Grain Protein Content ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Negative Effect

Global climate change in recent years has resulted in extreme heat and drought events that significantly influence crop production and endanger food security. Such abiotic stress during the growing season has a negative effect on yield as well as on the functional properties of wheat grain protein content and composition. This reduces the value of grain, as these factors significantly reduce end-use quality. In this study, four Hungarian bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum ssp. aestivum) with different drought and heat tolerance were examined. Changes in the size- and hydrophobicity-based distribution of the total proteins of the samples have been monitored by SE- and RP-HPLC, respectively, together with parallel investigations of changes in the amounts of the R5 and G12 antibodies related to celiac disease immunoreactive peptides. Significant difference in yield, protein content and composition have been observed in each cultivar, altering the amounts of CD-related gliadin, as well as the protein parameters directly related to techno-functional properties (Glu/Gli ratio, UPP%). The extent of changes largely depended on the timing of the abiotic stress. The severity of the negative effect depended on the growth stage in which abiotic stress occurred.

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