Bulk Density of Long- and Medium-Grain Rice Varieties as Affected by Harvest and Conditioned Moisture Contents

1998 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fan ◽  
T. J. Siebenmorgen ◽  
T. R. Gartman ◽  
D. R. Gardisser
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Moisture Contents

scholarly journals Impact of torrefaction technique on the moisture contents, bulk density and calorific value of briquetted biomass

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Azam Saeed ◽  
Syed Waqas Ahmad ◽  
Mohsin Kazmi ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin ◽  
Nadeem Feroze
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Bomb Calorimeter ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Moisture Contents

Abstract The concept of different compositional biomass is introduced to enhance the binding properties and utilize the use of different seasonal biomasses. The effect of densification on the heating values of single pure and mixed compositional biomasses is observed with and without applying special type of pretreatment named as ‘Torrefaction’. The moisture contents and bulk densities were also calculated for these briquettes. The effects of average moisture contents and bulk density (which show the swelling nature) on the heating values are also observed. The experiments have been performed on the pelletizer equipment to form briquetted biomass and bomb calorimeter was used to determine the calorific values of different briquettes. Finally, the percentage decrease in the average moisture contents of different categories of torrefied briquettes from non-torrefied briquettes were also calculated and compared.

scholarly journals Draft Requirement of Two Animal - Drawn Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR) Weeders

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Y. A. Unguwanrimi ◽  
A. M. Sada ◽  
G. N. Ugama ◽  
H. S. Garuba ◽  
A. Ugoani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Loam Soil

Draft requirements of two animal – drawn (IAR) weeders operating on loam soil were determined in the study. The implements include a straddle row weeder and an emcot attached rotary weeder evaluated under the same soil conditions, using a pair of white Fulani breed of oxen. The animal draft requirement was first estimated from the animal ergonomics measurements. Using area of 0.054 hectare as experimental plot for each implement the draft requirement of each implement was investigated after taking soil samples for soil moisture content and bulk density determinations. The implements tested showed variation in their average draft requirement. The straddle row weeder had the highest value of 338.15 N respectively while the emcot attached rotary weeder had the lowest value of 188.12 N with 47.03%, respectively. The average soil moisture contents and bulk density were 13.0% and 1.46%/cm3, respectively.

Effects of Moisture Content and Compaction Pressure on Bulk Density of Rye

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-494
Author(s):  
Jonathan Chiputula ◽  
Emmanuel Ajayi ◽  
Ray Bucklin ◽  
Ann R Blount
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Grain Storage ◽  
List Type ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Storage Structures ◽  
Square Box

HighlightsRye grain compaction was measured for three different moisture contents (8%, 12%, and 16% wet basis) at five different compaction pressures (7, 14, 34, and 55 kPa)Bulk densities were found to be statistically significantly dependent (p < 0.0001) on both the moisture content and applied pressure.Compacted bulk densities increased with increasing applied pressure for all moisture contents.Abstract. Bulk density of agricultural grains is needed to determine the quantity of grain in storage structures and to calculate grain pressures. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of moisture content and applied pressure on bulk density of rye grain at moisture contents and pressures typical of those seen in storage structures. Rye compaction was measured for three moisture contents (8%, 12%, and 16% wet basis) at four compaction pressures (7, 14, 34, and 55 kPa) using a square box (based on the design used by Thompson and Ross, 1983). Data from the compaction tests were used to calculate the bulk densities for the three moisture contents and four compaction pressures. The bulk densities were found to be significantly dependent (p <0.0001) both on moisture contents and the pressure applied. Bulk densities varied with increasing moisture content as has been observed in similar studies for rye and other agricultural grains such as wheat and soybeans. These results provide guidance for estimating bulk density of rye in bins and other storage structures. Keywords: Grain compaction, Grain storage, Kernel rearrangement, Kernel elasticity.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of six varieties of rice to the infestation of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humayun Reza Khan ◽  
Polash Kanti Halder
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Rice Weevil ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
The Mean

The susceptibility of six varieties of rice, Oryza sativa, viz. Lata, Minicate, Nazersail, Parija, Kalijira and Kataribhog, to the infestation of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), was studied on the basis of population build up under an ambient condition (28 ± 4ºC and 70 ± 4 % RH) of the laboratory. The mean weights of each grain of the above six rice varieties were 16.9, 16.1, 11.43, 13.87, 6.23 and 9.77 mg, respectively; mean lengths were 6.47, 6.56, 5.37, 5.38, 4.22 and 4.92 mm, respectively; mean widths were 2.45, 2.03, 2.05, 2.17, 1.6 and 1.9 mm, respectively; and moisture contents were 11.55, 10.75, 11.6, 12.71, 11.85, and 12.1 per cents, respectively. As far as the number of emerging adults is concerned, the weevil showed the highest number (695) in Nazersail on the 16th week, Lata (755) on the 18th week, Minicate (654) on the 16th week, Parija (482) on the 20th week, Kalijira (402) on the 20th week, and Kataribhog (456) on the 20th week. The mean numbers of the adult weevils in the above six varieties after 22 weeks of rearing were 425, 410, 351, 387, 357 and 400, respectively and was statistically significant at 5% level. The degree of susceptibility of the rice varieties to the rice weevils from the highest to lowest susceptibility was ? Lata > Nazersail > Minicate > Pariza > Kataribhog > Kalijira.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v21i2.11514 Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 21(2): 163-168, 2012 (July)

Shrinkage, Porosity and Bulk Density of Foodstuffs at Changing Moisture Contents

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1497-1502 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. LOZANO ◽  
E. ROTSTEIN ◽  
M. J. URBICAIN
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Shrinkage Porosity ◽  
Moisture Contents

Optimization of lupine (Lupinus albus L.) composition, feed moisture content and barrel temperatures for best quality maize based extruded snack food

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 853-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Adem ◽  
Sadik J.A. ◽  
Admasu Worku ◽  
Satheesh Neela
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Absorption Index ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Feed Moisture

Purpose This paper aims to optimize feed moisture contents, barrel temperatures, blending ratios of maize and lupine for processing of protein-rich best quality extruded product using a twin-screw extruder. Design/methodology/approach A three-factor three-level response surface methodology by Box-Behnken Design was applied to evaluate the effect of selected processing conditions of blending ratios of lupine (10-20 per cent), barrel temperatures (120°C-150°C) and feed moisture content (14-18 per cent) on functional, nutritional and sensory characteristics of produced snack food. Findings The results of functional properties such as radial expansion ratio, bulk density, water absorption index, water solubility index observed as 0.71-1.2, 0.33-0.92 g/cc, 4.4-6.4 per cent and 10.2-15.1 per cent, respectively. The snack food showed the moisture 5.6-7.2 per cent, protein 8.1-18.1 per cent, fiber 1.6-2.7 per cent, ash 1.6-2.2 per cent and carbohydrate 64.8-81.4 per cent. The independent variables (lupine blending ratio, barrel temperature and feed moisture content) posed significant effects on expansion ration (p = 0.0030), bulk density (p = 0.0026), water absorption index (p = 0.0075) and water-solubility index (p = 0.0116). Higher blending ratio of lupine was increase in the bulk density and water solubility index, but decrease in expansion ratio and water absorption index of snack food. Higher feed moisture content was led to a reduction in expansion ratio and water-soluble index of snack food. Whereas, higher feed moisture contents was lead to rise in bulk density and water absorption index. Fiber (p = 0.0145), ash (p = 0.0343) and carbohydrate (p = 0.0001) contents were significantly depended on blending ratio. Blending of lupine 15.06 per cent, barrel temperature of 150 °C and feed moisture content of 14.0 per cent produced the snack food with desirability value of 72.8 per cent. Originality/value Protein malnutrition is one of the major problems in child development in under developed countries including Ethiopia. Maize is a top producer in the country but least appreciated for cost. Lupine is one of the undervalued produce consumed in Ethiopia after boiling. Still data on the utilization of maize and lupine in the extruded snack preparation was very limited. Optimization of moisture and barrel temperatures for this snack was not reported clearly yet.

scholarly journals Thermomechanical Property of Rice Kernels Studied by DMA

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-yan Jia ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Yubin Lan ◽  
Bhesh Bhandari ◽  
John Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Thermomechanical Property ◽  
Constant Force ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Temperature Scanning

The thermomechanical property of the rice kernels was investigated using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The length change of rice kernels with a loaded constant force along the major axis direction was detected during temperature scanning. The thermomechanical transition occurred in rice kernels when heated. The transition temperatures were determined as 47°C, 50°C and 56°C for the medium-grain rice with the moisture contents of 18.1%, 16.0% and 12.5% (wet basis), respectively. Length change of the rice kernels increased with the increase of the temperature and moisture content. Among the four rice varieties investigated, the results showed that the thermomechanical property was not significantly affected by variety.

scholarly journals Propagation probability and spread rates of self-sustained smouldering fires under controlled moisture content and bulk density conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Prat-Guitart ◽  
Guillermo Rein ◽  
Rory M. Hadden ◽  
Claire M. Belcher ◽  
Jon M. Yearsley
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Spread Rate ◽  
Critical Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Milled Peat ◽  
Critical Moisture ◽  
Smouldering Combustion

The consumption of large areas of peat during wildfires is due to self-sustained smouldering fronts that can remain active for weeks. We studied the effect of peat moisture content and bulk density on the horizontal propagation of smouldering fire in laboratory-scale experiments. We used milled peat with moisture contents between 25 and 250% (mass of water per mass of dry peat) and bulk densities between 50 and 150 kg m–3. An infrared camera monitored ignition, spread and extinction of each smouldering combustion front. Peats with a bulk density below 75 kg m–3 and a moisture content below 150% self-sustained smouldering propagation for more than 12 cm. Peat with a bulk density of 150 kg m–3 could self-sustain smouldering propagation up to a critical moisture content of 115%. A linear model estimated that increasing both moisture content and bulk density significantly reduced the median fire spread rate (which ranged between 1 and 5 cm h–1). Moisture content had a stronger effect size on the spread rate than bulk density. However, the effect of bulk density on spread rate depends upon the moisture content, with the largest effect of bulk density at low moisture contents.

Physico-mechanical properties of rough rice grain under different moisture conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
R. ElGamal ◽  
G. ElMasry ◽  
F. Firtha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
True Density ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rough Rice

This study was carried out to evaluate some physical and mechanical properties of three Hungarian rice varieties named Dáma, Janka and M488 under different moisture levels to be a useful data for modelling the moisture changes in rough rice storage bins. Rough rice grains were conditioned to moisture contents of 12, 18, 24, and 30% (w.b.). Five mechanical expressions named rupture force (Fr), maximum stress (σmax), grain deformation (D), energy (E) and toughness (T) were extracted from stress–strain curve for all tested varieties as a function of moisture content. Also, some physical properties such as bulk density, true density, porosity and some morphological features of grain were determined as a function of moisture content for tested rough rice grain. The results revealed that the measured physical and mechanical properties are significantly effected by moisture contents for the three tested rice varieties. In general, when the moisture content increased, the rupture force and maximum stress decreased for all investigated grains. However, the deformation, energy and toughness firstly decreased with moisture content increase and after that increased with further increase of moisture content for all rice varieties. On the other hand, the bulk density, true density and porosity do not have a specific trend with increasing moisture content. Moreover, there was a significant difference among the selected rice varieties in terms of their bulk density and porosity at the same moisture content range.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document