scholarly journals First Report of Neofusicoccum parvum Causing Gummosis of Peach Trees in Hubei Province, Central China

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 2673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
He Zhang ◽  
Yufang Cheng ◽  
Jingyu Li ◽  
Junwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hubei Province ◽  
Central China ◽  
Neofusicoccum Parvum ◽  
First Report ◽  
Peach Trees

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Botryosphaeria spp. Causing Gummosis of Peach Trees in Hubei Province, Central China

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1378-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Wang ◽  
Lina Zhao ◽  
Guohuai Li ◽  
Junbin Huang ◽  
Tom Hsiang
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Central China ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Fusicoccum Aesculi ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Genomic Regions

Peach (Prunus persica) is one of the most important and widely grown fruit trees in China; however, perennial gummosis on trunks and branches is a major problem in peach orchards of Hubei Province, one of the most important peach production areas of China. In order to identify the gummosis-causing agents, diseased trunks and branches were collected from 11 peach orchards in Hubei Province. Fungal isolates were obtained from these samples, yielding three species: Botryosphaeria dothidea (anamorph Fusicoccum aesculi), B. rhodina (anamorph Lasiodiplodia theobromae), and B. obtusa (anamorph Diplodia seriata). They were identified based on conidial morphology and cultural characteristics, as well as analyses of nucleotide sequences of three genomic regions: the internal transcribed spacer region, a partial sequence of the β-tubulin gene, and the translation elongation factor 1-α gene. Fusicoccum aesculi was found in all 11 orchards but L. theobromae was found only in Shayang County in the Jingmen region and D. seriata only in Gong'an County in the Jingzhou region. Via artificial inoculation using mycelia on wounded twigs or branches, these three species were all found to be pathogenic, causing dark lesions on the twigs and branches and, sometimes, gum exudation from diseased parts. Isolates of L. theobromae were the most virulent and caused the largest lesions and most copious gummosis, and D. seriata had less gum than the other two species. This report represents the first description of L. theobromae and D. seriata as causal agents of gummosis on peach in China.

scholarly journals First Report of Neofusicoccum parvum Causing Dieback Disease of Chinese Weeping Cypress in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Li ◽  
J. Z. Li ◽  
S. C. Li ◽  
Z. H. Lu ◽  
J. H. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
Central China ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Middle Point ◽  
Neofusicoccum Parvum ◽  
First Report ◽  
Dieback Disease ◽  
And Control

Cupressus funebris Endl. (Chinese weeping cypress) is native to southwestern and central China. In June 2008, blighted shoots of Chinese weeping cypress trees were observed in Yunnan Province (southwestern China). Symptomatic trees were located in an ornamental planting established approximately 8 to 12 years ago. Additional samples were collected from 11 locations in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Chongqing. Disease symptoms included yellowing and wilting of leaves on several branches, followed by sudden death within 6 to 8 weeks. Cross sections on trunks and branches revealed darkened zones. Tissue from diseased samples was plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25°C. Fungal isolates developed copious, white, aerial mycelium that became dark gray after 4 to 6 days and formed black pycnidia after 25 days. Conidia were hyaline, ellipsoidal to fusiform, externally smooth, thin walled, nonseptate, and measured 12.5 to 18.5 × 4.0 to 6.5 μm. Identity was confirmed by analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITSI-5.8S-ITS2) and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α). BLAST searches at GenBank showed a high identity with reference sequences (ITS: >99%; EF1-α: 100%). Representative sequences of both regions were deposited in GenBank (ITS: Accession No. FJ842960 and FJ842961; EF1-α: Accession No. GU811148). Morphological and molecular results confirmed this species as Neofusicoccum parvum, reported as the anamorph of Botryosphaeria parva. Pathogenicity tests were conducted by stem inoculation of 2-year-old C. funebris seedlings. Mycelial plugs (4 mm in diameter) of N. parvum from actively growing colonies were applied to same-size bark wounds on the middle point of the stems. Control seedlings were inoculated with sterile PDA plugs. Inoculated and control seedlings (five each) were kept in a greenhouse and watered as needed. After 5 weeks, all C. funebris seedlings showed leaf wilting and dark vascular stem tissue. N. parvum was reisolated from all inoculated, symptomatic tissues, fulfilling Koch's postulates; no symptoms were visible in the control seedlings. N. parvum has previously been reported to cause canker and dieback disease of avocado (3), mango (2), and magenta cherry (Syzygium paniculatum) (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. parvum causing dieback of C. funebris in China. References: (1) R. C. Ploetz et al. Plant Pathol. 58:801, 2009. (2) B. Slippers et al. Mycologia 97:99, 2005. (3) T. Zea-Bonilla et al. Plant Dis. 91:1052, 2007.

scholarly journals First Report of Blight on Pinellia ternata (Banxia) Caused by Choanephora cucurbitarum in China.

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanfan Wang ◽  
ting Mao ◽  
Tao Tang ◽  
Jie Guo ◽  
Yuanyuan Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Central China ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Pinellia Ternata ◽  
First Report ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Choanephora Cucurbitarum

Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Makino ex Briet. (banxia, crow-dipper) is a perennial herbaceous plant native to China, Japan, and Korea. A member of the family Araceae, it is considered an invasive weed in parts of Europe and North America. In August 2020, P. ternata plants showing blight symptoms (8% incidence in a 30-ha field) were observed, near Qianjiang City (30°50′N, 112°92′E), Hubei Province, China. Brown water-soaked lesions first appeared on flowers followed by flower blight and leaf and stem rot during periods of more than 80% humidity (Supplementary figure 1). White, cottony mycelia grew from rotted tissues and produced sporangiophores with brown to black sporangiola. To identify the causal agent, 12 diseased samples were surface disinfested with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite and 75% ethyl alcohol, then plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) maintained at 25°C. Ten fungal isolates were selected by hyphal tip isolation and placed on fresh PDA. White fungal colonies grew rapidly that later turned pale yellow and produced abundant sporangiola in 13 days. Sporangiophores were smooth, hyaline, aseptate, and produced monosporous sporangiola. Sporangiola were ellipsoid, indehiscent, pediculate, brown to dark brown, 8 to 16 × 14 to 21 μm (n = 50) in size, with visible longitudinal striations . Sporangia with a few or many sporangiospores were subglobose, pale brown to brown, and 55 to 165 μm (n = 40) in diameter. Sporangiospores were broadly ellipsoid, brown to pale brown, striate, 8 to 12 × 15 to 25 μm (n=30) in size, with hyaline polar appendages. Based on these morphological characteristics, the fungus was identified as Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt. (Kirk 1984). To confirm the identification, the strain QJFY1 was chosen for DNA sequencing. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA and large subunit (LSU) region of ribosomal RNA were amplified with primers ITS1/ITS4 and NL1/LR3 (Walther et al. 2013) and the amplicons were sequenced. BLAST analysis of the 593bp sequences (accession no. MW295532) and the 699bp sequence（accession no. MW341527）showed ≥99.5% identity with C. cucurbitarum strains CBS 674.93 (GenBank accession no. JN943006.1 and JN939195.1; Supplementary figure 2). Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungus was identified as C. cucurbitarum. Koch’s postulates were fulfilled by inoculating flowers of three healthy 30-day-old P. ternata plants with 50 μL of inoculum suspension (1 x 104 conidia/ml) obtained from 13-day old cultures of C. cucurbitarum isolate QJFY1. Another three plants treated with sterile distilled water served as controls. All plants were placed in a greenhouse with relative humidity of 90% for 2 days and thereafter placed in the glasshouse at 25 ± 1°C. After three days, symptoms similar to those seen under field conditions, were observed on inoculated plants and non-inoculated plants remained healthy. C. cucurbitarum was reisolated and identified by molecular characteristics (ITS and LSU) from inoculated plants. The experiment was repeated thrice with similar results. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Choanephora blight caused by C. cucurbitarum on P. ternata in China and worldwide. Hubei Province is one of the most important banxia producing areas in China and C. cucurbitarum can pose a new threat to banxia production. Our results provide a basis to develop effective measures to manage this disease. References: Kirk, P. M. 1984. Mycol. Pap. 152:1. Walther, G., et al. 2013. Persoonia 30:11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158513X665070 Acknowledgements Science Funds for Young Scholar of Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences (grant no. 2019ZYCJJ01), Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province (grant no. 2020BCA059), Support Plan of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences (grant no. 2019fcxjh09), Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crops of Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R.China / Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease, Insect Pests and Weeds Control (grant no. 2019ZTSJJ6), Hubei Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center Project (grant no.2019-620-003-001)

Description of Sinometrius donggongensis sp. n. (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Paussinae) from the Donggong Mountains, East China

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4964 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-389
Author(s):  
XIAO-BIN SONG ◽  
ZHONG PENG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Central China ◽  
East China

Wrase and Schmidt (2006) established the genus Sinometrius Wrase & Schmidt, 2006 to include the new species S. turnai Wrase & Schmidt, 2006 from Hubei province, central China. They placed the new genus in the Paussine tribe Metriini, and compared it to the Nearctic genus Metrius Eschscholtz, 1829. Deuve (2020) described a second species S. jaroslavi Deuve, 2020 from Chongqing province. 

Spatial Disequilibrium Development and its Policies of Central China: The Case of Hubei Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
Yun Liu ◽  
Li Li Chang ◽  
Chong Peng
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Central China ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Reasonable Choice ◽  
Disequilibrium Theory

Central China is progressively paving its way to the second carrier of Chinese population after the east coastal areas with disequilibrium theory as the guidance of provincial spatial development. Based on ESDA (exploratory spatial data analysis) with statistical data of GDP per capita of Hubei Province by county-level (2000-2010), this paper reveals the spatial differentiation characteristics of economic differences among counties in Hubei Province. According to global analysis of ArcGIS and GeoDA095i, economic space of the county presents the trend of climbing up and then declining. Besides, differences between counties are remarkable. The LISA clean-cut indicates different developed and underdeveloped districts. Finally, contrasting to policy response that the provinces cope with disequilibrium theory in Central China, the results show that the Central China continues to promote disequilibrium development is a reasonable choice, and it’s also indispensible to pay attention to controlling magnification of differences in regional development.

scholarly journals Primula sunhangii (Primulaceae): a new species from Hubei, Central China

PhytoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Jiao Sun ◽  
Dai-Gui Zhang ◽  
Xian-Han Huang ◽  
Komiljon Tojibaev ◽  
Jing-Yuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Central China ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

This report provides a description of Primula sunhangii from the Shennongjia Forestry District, Hubei Province in Central China, which is categorized as a new species of the primrose family. Primula sunhangii is morphologically similar to P. involucrata Wall. ex Duby in terms of its simple umbel, efarinose, and prolonged bracts. However, P. sunhangii is distinguished by its glabrous sepal, short petiole (compare with blade) and cylindrical calyx and capsule. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear and cpDNA genes demonstrates that P. sunhangii and P. involucrata are closely related. Combining genetic and morphological data, the recognition of P. sunhangii as a unique new species is supported.

scholarly journals First Report of Black Spots on Avocado Fruit Caused by Neofusicoccum parvum in Mexico

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Molina-Gayosso ◽  
H. V. Silva-Rojas ◽  
S. García-Morales ◽  
G. Avila-Quezada
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Neofusicoccum Parvum ◽  
First Report ◽  
Black Spots ◽  
Avocado Fruit

Avocado (Persea americana L.) production for export markets has increased in Mexico during the past 10 years. The production system, however, is affected by several sanitation factors, including diseases. During the spring of 2009, smooth, black, circular spots were noted on the surface of avocado fruit. A study was conducted during the winter of 2010 to ascertain the etiology and identify the fungus associated with black spot symptoms on avocado fruit in orchards of Nuevo Parangaricutiro County (19°25′00″ and 102°07′43″) in Michoacan, Mexico. Several fungal isolates were obtained on potato dextrose agar (PDA) from the margin of lesions on immature fruit. The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the rDNA from representative isolates was sequenced with universal primers ITS5 and ITS4 (2). BLAST searches in GenBank showed 100% similarity of the nucleotide sequences with Neofusicoccum parvum (Pennycook & Samuels) Crous, Slippers & A.J.L. Phillips, GenBank Accession Nos. GU188001 to GU188007 and GU187985 to GU187987. A representative nucleotide sequence of this region was deposited in GenBank under the Accession No. JN203129. Strains of N. parvum produced aerial and compact mycelium on acidified PDA, the anamorph state of Botryosphaeria parva. Mycelium was initially white, turning gradually gray to black. Conidia were one celled, hyaline, ellipsoidal to fusiform, externally smooth, thin walled, nonseptate, with one or two septa with age, and an average length and width of 14.5 (9.5 to 19) × 5.8 (4.0 to 7.2) μm (n = 100). Pathogenicity tests were conducted with six avocado fruit cv. Hass. Fruit were inoculated at three evenly spaced locations on the fruit surface, either by wounding the tissue with a needle that had been dipped in a conidial mass from an 8-day-old monoconidial culture of N. parvum strain CIAD-021-11 or by placing 5 μl of 1 × 106 conidia ml–1 suspension on each inoculation site. Inoculated fruit were maintained in a moist chamber at 25°C for 2 weeks. Black lesions appeared on all wounded sites 2 days postinoculation (dpi) and on unwounded sites 4 dpi. The delay of symptom development was likely due to penetration through the lenticels, which took longer to initiate infection. No symptoms were observed in the control fruit. The pathogen was reisolated from the lesions of all inoculated fruit, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. The results confirmed the pathogenic potential of this fungus and indicated its possible involvement in the etiology of black spot on avocado fruit. N. parvum is a cosmopolitan, plurivorous pathogen causing disease in several hosts of economic importance, such as grapes and kiwi, as well as causing stem-end rot of avocado fruit in New Zealand (1) and avocado twigs in Spain (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. parvum causing black spots on avocado fruit in Mexico. References: (1) W. F. T. Hartill et al. N.Z.J. Crop Hortic. Sci. 30:249. 2002. (2) T. J. White et al. Page: 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Application. M. A. Innis et al., eds. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1990. (3) T. Zea-Bonilla et al. Plant Dis. 91:1052, 2007.

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