scholarly journals Trunk Disease Fungi Associated with Syzygium cumini in Iran

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Panahandeh ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
David Gramaje
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Trunk Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
First Time ◽  
Woody Host

Syzygium cumini trees with dieback symptoms and cankers were observed in two provinces in Iran. Isolations were made from diseased branches and cankers and from asymptomatic S. cumini wood samples. Several trunk disease pathogens were identified based on morphological characteristics and by molecular methods, including Cadophora luteo-olivacea, Diplodia sapinea, D. seriata, Neoscytalidium hyalinum, Phaeoacremonium fraxinopennsylvanicum, P. krajdenii, P. parasiticum, P. viticola, and Pleurostoma richardsiae, which were isolated from S. cumini for the first time in the world. Pathogenicity tests conducted with all species confirmed their status as possible S. cumini pathogens. N. hyalinum was the most aggressive species and caused the longest lesions on inoculated shoots. The endophytic character of some fungal species isolated from asymptomatic wood of S. cumini is further discussed. Our results indicated that S. cumini is a new woody host to many known fungal trunk pathogens.

scholarly journals Trunk Disease Fungi Associated With Diospyros kaki in South Africa

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 2383-2393 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Moyo ◽  
L. Mostert ◽  
M. Bester ◽  
F. Halleen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Diospyros Kaki ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Eutypa Lata ◽  
Trunk Disease ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Persimmon trees with dieback symptoms and cankers were observed in three production areas in Western Cape Province in South Africa. Isolations were made from diseased branches, cankers, and pruning wounds as well as fungal fruiting bodies on dead branches and old pruning wounds. Several trunk disease pathogens were identified based on morphological characteristics and by molecular methods, including Diaporthe eres, D. infecunda, Eutypella citricola, E. microtheca, Phaeoacremonium parasiticum, P. scolyti, P. australiense, P. minimum, Fomitiporia capensis, Fomitiporia sp., Fomitiporella sp., and Inocutis sp., which were isolated from persimmon for the first time in the world. Other first reports from persimmon in South Africa include D. foeniculina, D. ambigua, D. mutila, Diaporthe sp., Neofusicoccum australe, N. parvum, Diplodia seriata, and Eutypa lata. Pathogenicity tests conducted with all species, except the basidiomycetes, confirmed their status as possible persimmon pathogens. This is the first study to determine and identify fungi associated with diseased persimmon in South Africa. The knowledge gained in this study forms the basis for further research to determine the impact of these fungi on persimmon productivity.

scholarly journals Identification and pathogenicity of microorganisms affecting purple passion fruit in Colombia

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-257
Author(s):  
Joaquín Guillermo Ramírez Gil ◽  
Pablo Julián Tamayo ◽  
Juan Gonzalo Morales
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Phytophthora Drechsleri ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Purple Passion Fruit ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims, known in Colombia as “gulupa”) is an increasingly important crop in Colombia, as seen by an increase in the area under cultivation. This recent prominence coincides with a low number of existing technologies related to the cultivation of the fruit, resulting in a lack of knowledge about its associated pathogens and the absence of rapid and precise diagnostic tests. The objective of this study was to determine the pathogenicity of distinct microorganisms isolated from purple passion fruit samples, some of which had not been previously reported in Colombia. The sampling was performed in seven plots located in two regions of the Colombian Antioquia. With the use of field symptomatology, the isolation of microorganisms, morphological characteristics, molecular analysis, and pathogenicity tests, the pathogen species Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato, and Phytophthora drechsleri were identified for the first time in Colombia. These pathogens cause lesions in fruits, with an incidence of 10.9, 7.6, and 2.8%, respectively. This is also the first report on a global level of Phytophthora drechsleri causing a disease in this plant species.

scholarly journals Ascochyta fabae and A. lentis: Host Specificity, Teleomorphs (Didymella), Hybrid Analysis, and Taxonomic Status

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 809-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Kaiser ◽  
B.-C. Wang ◽  
J. D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Hybrid Progeny ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Ascochyta Fabae

Isolates of Ascochyta fabae from faba bean (Vicia faba) and A. lentis from lentil (Lens culinaris) collected from different countries were used in this study. The Didymella teleomorph (sexual state) of each fungus was induced to develop and mature on inoculated sterile lentil stems. Both fungi were heterothallic, with two mating types, designated MAT1-1 and MAT1-2. When certain isolates of A. fabae and A. lentis were crossed, hybrid pseudothecia developed. Growth, sporulation, colony appearance, morphology, and pathogenicity of the hybrid progeny frequently differed greatly from the parent isolates. Inoculations with single-ascospore progeny from matings among compatible isolates of A. fabae caused disease in faba bean but not in lentil; inoculations with single-ascospore progeny from matings among compatible isolates of A. lentis incited disease in lentil but not in faba bean. Inoculations with single-ascospore progeny from crosses between faba bean and lentil isolates did not induce disease in either host. Asci from crosses between A. fabae and A. lentis mostly contained fewer than eight ascospores that were, on average, larger than those from eight-spored asci. Matings among certain isolates of A. fabae resulted in production of pseudothecia with ascospores considerably larger than is typical for D. fabae. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) banding patterns of Ascochyta isolates from faba bean and lentil are clearly different, and banding patterns from hybrid progeny from crosses between A. fabae and A. lentis confirmed hybridity. RAPD markers proved useful in supporting identifications of ascospore isolates from faba bean to known Ascochyta species. Dendrogram analysis indicated similarity between the two fungal species was low. The pathogenicity tests, morphological characteristics, and RAPD markers indicate that A. fabae and A. lentis represent distinct taxa. D. lentis, with its anamorph, A. lentis, is proposed as a new species that is distinct from D. fabae, with its anamorph, A. fabae.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization, Pathogenicity and Biological Characterization of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Anthracnose of Camellia yuhsienensis Hu in China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1712
Author(s):  
Xinggang Chen ◽  
Lingyu Jiang ◽  
Anhua Bao ◽  
Changlin Liu ◽  
Junang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Camellia Oleifera ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

Camellia yuhsienensis Hu, a species of tea oil tree with resistance to anthracnose, is widely used to breed disease-resistant Camellia varieties. In 2019, anthracnose symptoms were observed on Ca. yuhsienensis for the first time. However, the species and biological characteristics of Colletotrichum spp. isolated from Ca. yuhsienensis (YX-Colletotrichum spp.) have not been elucidated. In this study, five isolates (YX2-5-2, 2YX-3-1, 2YX-5-1, 2YX-8-1-1 and 2YX-8-1-2), which were consistent with the morphological characteristics of Colletotrichum spp., were obtained from Ca. yuhsienensis. A phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that YX2-5-2, 2YX-3-1 and 2YX-8-1-2 belonged to first clade along with Colletotrichum fructicola. 2YX-8-1-1 belonged to the second clade along with Colletotrichum siamense. 2YX-5-1 belonged to the third clade with Colletotrichum camelliae. Pathogenicity tests revealed that the pathogenicity of YX-Colletotrichum spp. was stronger than that of Colletotrichum spp. isolated from Camellia oleifera (GD-Colletotrichum spp.). Biological characteristics illustrated that the mycelial growth of YX-Co. camelliae (2YX-5-1) was slower than that of GD-Co. camelliae when the temperature exceeded 20 °C. In addition, in the presence of ions, the mycelial growth of YX-Co. fructicola (YX2-5-2) and YX-Co. siamense (2YX-8-1-1) was also slower than that of GD-Co. fructicola and GD-Co. siamense. Furthermore, the ability of YX-Colletotrichum spp. to utilize lactose and mannitol was weaker than that of GD-Colletotrichum spp., while the ability to utilize NH4+ was generally stronger than that of GD-Colletotrichum spp. This is the first report of anthracnose of Ca. yuhsienensis induced by Co. fructicola, Co. siamense and Co. camelliae in China. These results will provide theoretical guidance for the study of the pathogenesis and control of anthracnose on Ca. yuhsienensis.

scholarly journals Macrophomina vaccinii sp. nov. causing blueberry stem blight in China

MycoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Jing Cai ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Asexual Stage ◽  
Stem Blight ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

Blueberries (Vacciniumspp.) have been widely cultivated in China because of their nutritional benefits and economic value. Blueberry stem blight has become one of the most severe diseases influencing blueberry productivity and quality in China. In this study, eight fungal isolates were obtained from twenty stem blight lesions of blueberry collected in Nanping, Fujian province, China. Asexual stage was observed after inducing sporulation, the morphology of which agrees withMacrophominain the black, smooth, hard sclerotia and ellipsoid to obovoid, smooth hyaline conidia with apical sheath. Furthermore, DNA sequences of concatenated ITS,tef1-α,TUB, andACTloci indicated that these isolates belong to a novel fungal species. The distinguishing morphological characteristics, such as the wider conidia and larger conidiomata pycnidial, also support its new status. Thus a novel fungus,Macrophominavaccinii, was described in this study. Pathogenicity tests indicated thatM.vacciniicould cause stem blight of blueberry.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Pericopsis elata (Assamela) to heartwood decay and identification of micro and macro fungi associated with the disease in Cameroon

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1751
Author(s):  
Djeugap Fovo Joseph ◽  
Ngoune Djouke Patrick Francky ◽  
Ntabe Ngbanye Eric ◽  
Gweth Likaa René Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Diameter Class ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Tropical Timber ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
First Time

Heartwood decay is one of the major pathological constraints affecting the quality and marketable volume of tropical timber. A study on its behavior was conducted on Pericopsis elata in order to contribute to its sustainable management in Cameroon. Tree susceptibility to heartwood decay was evaluated using three diameter classes, based on allometric equations between decayed and healthy trees. Wood samples and visible macromycetes were taken from living and felled trees with an auger. Isolation of microfungi was performed on potato dextrose agar medium and their identification was based on the morphological and microscopic characteristics of the mycelium and conidia with reference to identification keys of mycology. Identification of macromycetes was based on their morphological characteristics as described in reference books on macromycetes identification. Results show that diameter class ]110, 120[ presented highly significant (P<0.05) volume loss (3755.96 cm3), followed by diameter class ]100, 110[. Microfungi frequently associated with heartwood decay of P. elata were Cercospora sp (24.57%), Fusarium oxysporum (12.64%) and Penicillium sp (12.58%) in living decay trees and Aspergillus niger (25.19%), Cercospora sp (22.21%), Penicillium sp (17.69%) and Phoma sp (15.05%) in felled decay trees. Macrofungi associated with living trees were Inonotus sp and Ganoderma sp. This is the first time that these fungal species are reported on P. elata wood. This study provides baseline information for the study of heartwood decay and management of P. elata in Cameroon.

scholarly journals Acaulospora rehmii and Gigaspora margarita, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) new for Europe and Poland, respectively

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Błaszczykowski ◽  
Sławomir Kowalczyk ◽  
Beata Czerniawska
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Gigaspora Margarita ◽  
First Report ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

Morphological characters of spores of <em>Acaulospora rehmii</em> and <em>Gigaspora margarita</em> (Glomeromycota) were described and illustrated. Spores of the two species were found in field-collected mixtures of rhizosphere soil and roots collected in Poland. Attempts to produce spores in trap cultures succeeded only with <em>G. margarita</em>. All attempts to establish one-species cultures of the two fungi failed. <em>Gigaspora margarita</em> was for the first time found in Poland and this paper is the first report of the occurrence of <em>A. rehmii</em> in Europe. The known distribution of the two fungal species in the world is also presented.

scholarly journals New record of Golovinomyces ambrosiae on Solanum azureum (Solanaceae) in Mexico.

Botany ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Félix-Gastélum ◽  
Karla Yeriana Leyva-Madrigal ◽  
Francisco Roberto Quiroz-Figueroa ◽  
Bertha Alicia Mora-Carlón ◽  
Guadalupe Arlene Mora-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
New Record ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Silverleaf Nightshade ◽  
First Time ◽  
Β Tubulin

We report the powdery mildew Golovinomyces ambrosiae for the first time on silverleaf nightshade (Solanum azureum), a host plant endemic to northern Sinaloa and southern Sonora, Mexico. No teleomorph was observed, requiring the fungal species to be identified based on morphological characteristics of the anamorph. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS region and the partial sequence of the β-tubulin gene from four specimens confirmed the identity of the species. To our knowledge, this is the first report of G. ambrosiae on S. azureum in Mexico and worldwide.

scholarly journals Fungal Trunk Pathogens Associated With Juglans regia in the Czech Republic

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Eichmeier ◽  
J. Pecenka ◽  
M. Spetik ◽  
T. Necas ◽  
I. Ondrasek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Diplodia Seriata ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eutypa Lata ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
English Walnut ◽  
Highly Virulent

Juglans regia L. (English walnut) trees with cankers and dieback symptoms were observed in two regions in the Czech Republic. Isolations were made from diseased branches. In total, 138 fungal isolates representing 10 fungal species were obtained from wood samples and identified based on morphological characteristics and molecular methods: Cadophora novi-eboraci, Cadophora spadicis, Cryptovalsa ampelina, Diaporthe eres, Diplodia seriata, Dothiorella omnivora, Eutypa lata, Eutypella sp., Peroneutypa scoparia, and Phaeoacremonium sicilianum. Pathogenicity tests conducted under field conditions with all species using the mycelium-plug method indicated that Eutypa lata and Cadophora spp. were highly virulent to woody stems of walnut. This is the first study to detect and identify fungal trunk pathogens associated with diseased walnut trees in Europe.

SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha P ◽  
Bankar Nandkishor J ◽  
Karan Jain ◽  
Ramdas Brahmane ◽  
Dhrubha Hari Chandi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

INTRODUCTION: India being the second highly populated nation in the world. HIV/AIDS has acquired pandemic proportion in the world. Estimate by WHO for current infection rate in Asia. India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. HIV prevalence in the age group 15-49 yrs was an estimate of 0.2%. India has been classified as an intermediate in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) endemic (HBsAg carriage 2-7%) zone with the second largest global pool of chronic HBV infections. Safety assessment of the blood supply, the quality of screening measures and the risk of transfusion transmitted infectious diseases (TTIs) in any country can be estimated by scrutinizing the files of blood donors. After the introduction of the blood banks and improved storage facilities, it became more extensively used. Blood is one of the major sources of TTIs like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and many other blood borne diseases. Disclosure of these threats brought a dramatic change in attitude of physicians and patients about blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amidst voluntary blood donors at a rural tertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, Kachandur, Durg. Blood donors were volunteers, or and commercial donors who donated the blood and paid by patients, their families, or friends to replace blood used or expected to be used for patients from the blood bank of the hospital. After proper donation of blood routine screening of blood was carried out according to standard protocol. Laboratory diagnosis of HIV 1 and HIV 2 was carried out by ELISA test. Hepatitis B surface antigen was screened by using ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 1915 consecutive blood donors’ sera were screened at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, blood bank during study period. Of these 1914 were male and 1 female. The mean age of patients was found to be 29.34 years with standard deviation (SD) of 11.65 Years. Among all blood donors in present study, 759(39.63%) were first time donors and 1156(60.37%) were repeated donors. 1 patient was HIV positive in first donation group while 3 (75%) were positive in repeat donation group. 7 (38.9%) were HBsAg positive in in first donation group while 11(61.1%) were positive in repeat donation group. Two patients in first donation group had dual infection of HIV and HBsAg. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity was high in repeated donors as compared to first time donors. The incidence of HIV is observed to be 0.2% and that of HBsAg is 0.94%. Strict selection of blood donors should be done to avoid transfusion-transmissible infections during the window period.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document