Current-Season Infection With Ordinary and Recombinant Strains of Potato virus Y Has Detrimental Effects on Chipping Potato Yield and Tuber Quality

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. PDIS-06-20-1281
Author(s):  
Erin L. Weber ◽  
James S. Busse ◽  
Paul C. Bethke
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Chip Processing ◽  
Chipping Potato ◽  
Chipping Potatoes ◽  
On Chip ◽  
The Impact

Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most economically important virus infecting potatoes worldwide. Current-season spread of PVY occurs when aphids transmit the virus from infected to noninfected plants during the growing season. The impact of current-season PVY infection on yield and quality of chip processing potatoes is not well documented. In a replicated, greenhouse experiment conducted over 2 years, we measured the effect of current-season infection with four PVY strains (PVYO, PVYN-Wi, PVYNTN, and PVYN:O) on chip processing varieties Atlantic, Lamoka, and Snowden. PVY infection decreased yield and tuber specific gravity for some combinations of potato variety and virus strain but did not affect the appearance of chips including the prevalence of stem-end chip defects. This work suggests that current-season infection of chipping potatoes imposes a cost on producers and emphasizes the need for continued investment in seed certification and development of PVY-resistant cultivars.

scholarly journals Динамика поражения сортов картофеля вирусом Y в полевых условиях

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Panicheva ◽  
D.M. Vasiliev ◽  
T.P. Suprunova ◽  
A.N. Sakharov ◽  
A.N. Ignatov
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Biometric Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Картофель (Solanum tuberosum L.) – одна из наиболее важных продовольственных культур в мире. Высокая заболеваемость картофеля вирусными болезнями серьезно влияет на урожайность культуры, приводя к экономическим потерям из-за выбраковки семенного картофеля и увеличения потерь при хранении. Вирус картофеля Y (Potato Virus Y, PVY) – наиболее распространенный и экономически значимый вирус по воздействию на урожай и качество клубней. В России общая частота заражения партий семенного картофеля вариантами PVY, по литературным данным, составляет не менее 55,8%. Цель исследования: влияние сорта картофеля на динамику накопления и распространения вирусной инфекции PVY в полевых условиях. Динамика накопления и распространения вирусной инфекции PVY была изучена в 2017–2018 годах на растениях 6 сортов картофеля (Торонто, Индиго, Манхеттен, Лайонхарт, Кармен, Вализа) селекции СГЦ «Дока-генные технологии» (Рогачево, Московская обл.) при различной степени семенного заражения. В полевом сезоне 2017 года на трех различных участках (с исходной зараженностью вирусами Y, X, S, M, A и PLRV не более 1%) была проведена искусственная инокуляция растений вирусом Y (штамм PVY-O). В 2018 году был собран посадочный материал шести сортов картофеля, удовлетворявший требованиям по сортовому разнообразию и контрастной зараженности в виде клубней, мини-клубней или микроклональных растений. Для оценки степени поражения отдельных растений использовали девятибалльную шкалу оценки вирусоустойчивости, для оценки влияния зараженности вирусом Y на рост растений был проведен биометрический анализ растений. Показ+ано, что при оптимальных условиях для развития и распространения вирусной инфекции в поле в 2018 году, динамика накопления вируса зависела от начальной степени зараженности растений и от сорта, а урожайность не коррелировала с ростом надземной части растений картофеля. При непосредственном соседстве здоровых и зараженных растений наблюдалось быстрое распространение патогена даже при использовании средств борьбы с переносчиками вируса.Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are one of the most important food crops in the world. The high incidence of viral diseases in potatoes has a serious impact on crop yields, resulting in economic losses due to culling of seed potatoes and increased storage losses. Potato Virus Y (Potato Virus Y, PVY) is the most common and economically significant virus in terms of crop and tuber quality effects. In Russia, the total frequency of infection of seed potato batches with PVY variants, according to literature data, is over 55.8%. The aim of our study was to study the effect of potato variety on the dynamics of accumulation and spread of PVY virus infection in the field. Dynamics of accumulation and spread of virus infection PVY under field conditions was studied in 2017–2018 plants of 6 varieties of potatoes (Toronto, Indigo, Manhattan, Lionhart, Carmen, Valiza) selection of LLC SGC Doka-gene (Rogachevo, Moscow region) under different levels of seed infection. In the 2017 field season, artificial inoculation of plants with Y virus (strain PVY-O) was carried out at three different sites (with initial infection with Y, X, S, M, A and PLRV viruses not exceeding 1%). In 2018, the planting material of 6 potato varieties was collected, which met the requirements for varietal diversity and contrast contamination in the form of tubers, mini-tubers or microclonal plants. To assess the degree of damage to individual plants, a 9-point scale of viral resistance was used, to assess the impact of y virus infection on plant growth, a biometric analysis of plants was carried out. It is shown that under optimal conditions for the development and spread of viral infection in the field in 2018, the dynamics of virus accumulation depended on the initial degree of infection of plants and on the variety, and the yield did not correlate with the growth of the above-ground part of potato plants. In the immediate vicinity of healthy and infected plants, there was a rapid spread of the pathogen, even with the use of vector control.

scholarly journals Monitoring Current-Season Spread of Potato virus Y in Potato Fields Using ELISA and Real-Time RT-PCR

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manphool S. Fageria ◽  
Mathuresh Singh ◽  
Upeksha Nanayakkara ◽  
Yvan Pelletier ◽  
Xianzhou Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Seed Market ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Time Of Harvest

The current-season spread of Potato virus Y (PVY) was investigated in New Brunswick, Canada, in 11 potato fields planted with six different cultivars in 2009 and 2010. In all, 100 plants selected from each field were monitored for current-season PVY infections using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Average PVY incidence in fields increased from 0.6% in 2009 and 2% in 2010 in the leaves to 20.3% in 2009 and 21.9% in 2010 in the tubers at the time of harvest. In individual fields, PVY incidence in tubers reached as high as 37% in 2009 and 39% in 2010 at the time of harvest. Real-time RT-PCR assay detected more samples with PVY from leaves than did ELISA. A higher number of positive samples was also detected with real-time RT-PCR from growing tubers compared with the leaves collected from the same plant at the same sampling time. PVY incidence determined from the growing tubers showed a significant positive correlation with the PVY incidence of tubers after harvest. Preharvest testing provides another option to growers to either top-kill the crop immediately to secure the seed market when the PVY incidence is low or leave the tubers to develop further for table or processing purposes when incidence of PVY is high.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Changes the Impact of Potato Virus Y on Growth and Stress Tolerance of Solanum tuberosum L. in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Deja-Sikora ◽  
Anita Kowalczyk ◽  
Alina Trejgell ◽  
Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska ◽  
Christel Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
The Impact

‘Atlantic’ and ‘Dakota Pearl’ Chipping Potato Responses to Glyphosate and Dicamba Simulated Drift

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Brooke ◽  
John Stenger ◽  
Andrej W Svyantek ◽  
Collin Auwarter ◽  
Harlene Hatterman-Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Chip Processing ◽  
Chipping Potato ◽  
Chipping Potatoes ◽  
Initiation Stage ◽  
Plant Injury ◽  
Similar Yield

Abstract Field trials were conducted to determine the effects of glyphosate and/or dicamba simulated drift rates on chipping potatoes ‘Atlantic’ and ‘Dakota Pearl’. Sublethal herbicide rates were applied at the tuber initiation stage and consisted of dicamba at 99 g ae ha−1 or glyphosate at 197 g ae ha−1 applied alone or the combinations of dicamba at 20 or 99 g ae ha−1 and glyphosate at 40 or 197 g ae ha−1, respectively. At 7 days after treatment (DAT), the high spray combination of glyphosate plus dicamba resulted in the greatest plant damage (28%). Plant injury from plants treated with the low combination of glyphosate plus dicamba did not differ from the nontreated control. At 21 DAT, visible injury increased to 40% for plants treated with the high combination of glyphosate plus dicamba treatment. Total yield suggested that dicamba and glyphosate caused similar yield reductions as plants that received glyphosate at 197 g ha−1 or dicamba at 99 g ha−1 had lower total yields compared to the nontreated and plants that received the combination of glyphosate (197 g ha−1) and dicamba (99 g ha−1) had lower total yields compared to plants that received either herbicide alone. However, ‘Dakota Pearl’ plants were more sensitive to glyphosate at 197 g ha−1 than ‘Atlantic’ causing the interaction for most tuber grades. Tuber specific gravity was lower for plants that received glyphosate at 197 g ha−1, dicamba at 99 g ha−1, or this combination, but this reduction would not prevent chip processing. Results reinforce the need for diligence when applying these herbicides in proximity to a susceptible crop such as chipping potatoes and the need to thoroughly clean sprayers before applications to a sensitive crop.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Recombinant Strains of Potato virus Y From Saudi Arabia

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Chikh-Ali ◽  
Hayam Alruwaili ◽  
Dalton Vander Pol ◽  
Alexander V. Karasev
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Seed Potato ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
First Report ◽  
Recombinant Strains

Potato virus Y (PVY) exists as a complex of strains, many of which are recombinants. The practical importance of PVY recombinant strains has increased due to their ability to induce potato tuber necrotic ring spot disease (PTNRD) that seriously affects tuber quality. In Saudi Arabia, potato production has increased fivefold during the last three decades, reaching 460,000 tons per year. Although PVY has been reported as one of the main viruses affecting potatoes, no information is available on PVY strains circulating in the country. In August 2014, a survey was conducted in a seed potato field at Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia. PVY-positive samples selected based on visual symptoms and serological reactivity were subjected to strain typing using multiplex RT-PCR assays and were determined to represent recombinant PVY strains. Whole genome sequences were determined for two representative isolates, S2 and S9, through direct sequencing of a series of overlapping RT-PCR fragments for each isolate, and found to represent strains PVY-NE11 and PVYZ (SYR-III), respectively. One of the recombinant types, SYR-III, was previously found in nearby Syria and Jordan, but the second recombinant, PVY-NE11, was found before only in the United States. Both recombinants, PVY-NE11 and SYR-III, were previously found associated with PTNRD and thought to be rare. The current identification of PVY-NE11 and SYR-III in seed potato in a new geographic region suggests that these recombinants may not be as rare as previously believed. This is the first report on the occurrence of recombinant strains of PVY in potato in Saudi Arabia, and the first report on the PVY-NE11 strain of PVY found in potato outside of the United States.

Potato Cultivars Differ in Current Season Potato Virus Y (PVY) Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Hamm ◽  
D. C. Hane ◽  
M. J. Pavek ◽  
L. D. Leroux ◽  
S. L. Gieck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Current Season

scholarly journals Effects of Crop Management Practices on Current-Season Spread of Potato virus Y

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler D. B. MacKenzie ◽  
Manphool S. Fageria ◽  
Xianzhou Nie ◽  
Mathuresh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Elisa Testing ◽  
Major Factors

The current-season spread of Potato virus Y (PVY) was monitored in 19 fields under various management practices in New Brunswick, Canada, through the 2011 and 2012 growing seasons. The focus of this study was to evaluate the role of seedborne PVY inoculum, aphid vector abundance, and the numbers, timing, and types of insecticide and mineral oil sprays, and to confirm the reliability and forecasting capacity of midseason PVY testing. In each field, 100 to 110 virus-free plants were identified shortly after emergence and were assessed four times from early July to early September (after top-kill) with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to track PVY spread. In addition, tubers harvested during development in August and after top-kill were grown-out in the greenhouse for ELISA testing. PVY spread to selected virus-free plants varied widely, ranging from 0 to 76.2% across all studied fields. Of the 19 fields over two seasons, 10 fields were planted with no detectable seedborne PVY, and they showed 0 to 8.7% (mean 2.9%) PVY spread by harvest. The remaining nine study fields with 0.9 to 5.8% seedborne PVY showed 1 to 76.2% (mean 15.2%) PVY spread by harvest. PVY spread was detected in most fields during midseason testing with ELISA and RT-PCR; all tests correlated well with final PVY rates after top-kill, though RT-PCR detection in developing tubers was most sensitive and correlated. Logistic regression modeling was used to identify major factors in PVY spread, including seedborne PVY, early-season aphid abundance, and the numbers of insecticide and mineral oil sprays. The best-fitting model, constructed using these factors as well as a measurement of July PVY incidence (ELISAJuly), strongly explained PVY spread by harvest, with the most significant management factor being the number of mineral oil sprays supplemented with insecticide used during the growing season. A similar model fitted without the ELISAJuly did not adequately predict ultimate PVY spread. The analysis suggests that mineral oil alone was effective at lowering PVY spread, and more effective when combined with insecticide, particularly when used early in the season. No evidence was found for differences in PVY spread across the eight cultivars used or across the range of mineral oil application rates, whereas some evidence was found for differences in the effectiveness of different insecticide types.

scholarly journals Effect of Seedborne Potato virus Y on Performance of Russet Burbank, Russet Norkotah, and Shepody Potato

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Nolte ◽  
Jonathan L. Whitworth ◽  
Michael K. Thornton ◽  
Christopher S. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Russet Norkotah ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
University Of Idaho ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Healthy Seed

Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the most important of the potato viruses, but little is known about the impact on yield of seedborne infection levels below 100%. Blending infected and healthy seed from different seed lots introduces the variable of performance differences between the seed lots, which may obscure the effect of virus alone. Seed lots containing various levels of seedborne PVY (0, 2, 10, 20, and 50% incidence of infected tubers) were created by combining in different proportions seed pieces from healthy and infected tubers from the same seed source. These seed lots were planted in replicated field plots at the University of Idaho Parma R & E Center in Parma, ID from 1995 to 1997. Regression analyses on data from the three consecutive seasons indicate that seedborne PVY has virtually the same negative impact on yield for all three cultivars.

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