scholarly journals Prevalence and Genome Characterization of Field Isolates of Sugarcane Mosaic Virus (SCMV) in Nigeria

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 818-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adama Yahaya ◽  
Danladi B. Dangora ◽  
P. Lava Kumar ◽  
Matthew D. Alegbejo ◽  
Lori Gregg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Production Region ◽  
Weed Host ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Disease ◽  
Agroecological Zone

Maize and sugarcane are two economically important crops often grown in adjacent fields or co-cultivated in the northern guinea savannah agroecological zone, a major cereal production region of Nigeria. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of mosaic disease in sugarcane and maize fields in the northern guinea savannah agroecological zone and to molecularly characterize the associated sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV, genus Potyvirus) isolates. Surveys were conducted from June to July 2015, and sugarcane mosaic disease (SCMD) incidence was assessed across 21 farmer’s fields. Mean SCMD incidence varied across states with ∼82% (308/376), ∼66% (143/218), and ∼67% (36/54) recorded in Kaduna, Kano, and Katsina states, respectively. RT-PCR analysis of 415 field-collected samples using genus-specific primers confirmed potyvirus infection in 63.7% (156/245) of sugarcane, 29.7% (42/141) of maize crops, and 45% (13/29) of itch grass samples. Cloning and sequencing of gene-specific DNA amplicons from a subset of 45 samples (sugarcane = 33, maize = 9, itch grass = 3) confirmed their specificities to SCMV. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial gene sequences showed that they all belong to a single monophyletic clade of SCMV. These results were supported by analysis of complete polyprotein sequences of representative maize and sugarcane isolates from Nigeria. Both isolates shared 94.9%/97.3% complete polyprotein nucleotide (nt)/amino acid (aa) identities with each other and 75.2%/97.6% nt/aa identities with corresponding sequences of global SCMV isolates. The detection of identical populations of SCMV isolates in both crop species and a weed host suggests possible vector mediated interspecies spread within cereal landscapes in the study area with implications for the integrated and sustainable management of SCMD in cereal cropping systems in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Incidence and Molecular Identification of Apple Necrotic Mosaic Virus (ApNMV) in Southwest China

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Wensen Shi ◽  
Rundong Yao ◽  
Runze Sunwu ◽  
Kui Huang ◽  
Zhibin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Virus ◽  
Apple Production

Apple mosaic disease has a great influence on apple production. In this study, an investigation into the incidence of apple mosaic disease in southwest China was performed, and the pathogen associated with the disease was detected. The results show that 2869 apple trees with mosaic disease were found in the Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou Provinces, with an average incidence of 9.6%. Although apple mosaic virus (ApMV) is widespread in apples worldwide, the diseased samples were negative when tested for ApMV. However, a novel ilarvirus (apple necrotic mosaic virus, ApNMV) was identified in mosaic apple leaves which tested negative for ApMV. RT-PCR analysis indicated that ApNMV was detected in 322 out of 357 samples with mosaic symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis of coat protein (CP) sequences of ApNMV isolates suggested that, compared with ApMV, ApNMV was closer to prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV). The CP sequences of the isolates showed the diversity of ApNMV, which may enable the virus to adapt to the changeable environments. In addition, the pathology of mosaic disease was observed by microscope, and the result showed that the arrangement of the tissue and the shape of the cell, including the organelle, were seriously destroyed or drastically changed.

scholarly journals Characterization of a highly divergent Sugarcane mosaic virus from Canna indica L. by deep sequencing

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqiang Li ◽  
Fei Xia ◽  
Yixuan Wang ◽  
Chenge Yan ◽  
Anning Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Full Genome Sequence ◽  
Mosaic Symptom ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Sequence Identities

Abstract Background Cannas are popular ornamental plants and widely planted for the beautiful foliage and flower. Viral disease is a major threaten to canna horticulture industry. In the city of Beijing, mosaic disease in canna was frequently observed, but the associated causal agent and its biological characterization is still unknown. Results After small RNA deep sequencing, 36,776 contigs were assembled and 16 of them shared high sequence identities with the different proteins of Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) of the size ranging from 86 to 1911 nt. The complete genome of SCMV isolate (canna) was reconstructed by sequencing all cDNA clones obtained from RT-PCR and 5′\3′ RACE amplifications. SCMV-canna isolate showed to have a full RNA genome of 9579 nt in length and to share 78% nt and 85% aa sequence identities with SCMV isolates from other hosts. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the full genome sequence of SCMV isolates allocated separately the canna-isolate in a distinct clade, indicating a new strain. Recombination analyses demonstrated that SCMV-canna isolate was a recombinant originating from a sugarcane-infecting isolate (major parent, acc. no. AJ310103) and a maize-infecting isolate (minor parent, acc. no. AJ297628). Pathogenicity test showed SCMV-canna could cause typical symptoms of mosaic and necrosis in some tested plants with varying levels of severity but was less virulent than the isolate SCMV-BJ. Field survey showed that the virus was widely distributed. Conclusions This study identified SCMV as the major agent causing the prevalent mosaic symptom in canna plants in Beijing and its genomic and biological characterizations were further explored. All these data enriched the knowledge of the viruses infecting canna and would be helpful in effective disease management in canna.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Among Viruses Associated with Sugarcane Mosaic Disease in Tucumán, Argentina

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Perera ◽  
M. P. Filippone ◽  
C. J. Ramallo ◽  
M. I. Cuenya ◽  
M. L. García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Rflp Profile ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Disease

Sugarcane leaves with mosaic symptoms were collected in 2006–07 in Tucumán (Argentina) and analyzed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing of a fragment of the Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) coat protein (CP) genes. SCMV was detected in 96.6% of samples, with 41% showing the RFLP profile consistent with strain E. The remaining samples produced eight different profiles that did not match other known strains. SCMV distribution seemed to be more related to sugarcane genotype than to geographical origin, and sequence analyses of CP genes showed a greater genetic diversity compared with other studies. SrMV was detected in 63.2% of samples and most of these were also infected by SCMV, indicating that, unlike other countries and other Argentinean provinces, where high levels of co-infection are infrequent, co-existence is common in Tucumán. RFLP analysis showed the presence of SrMV strains M (68%) and I (14%), while co-infection between M and H strains was present in 18% of samples. Other SCMV subgroup members and the Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV) were not detected. Our results also showed that sequencing is currently the only reliable method to assess SCMV and SrMV genetic diversity, because RT-PCR-RFLP may not be sufficiently discriminating.

Identification of a Naturally Occurring Recombinant Isolate of Sugarcane Mosaic Virus Causing Maize Dwarf Mosaic Disease

Virus Genes ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwang Zhong ◽  
Anyuan Guo ◽  
Chunbo Li ◽  
Binquan Zhuang ◽  
Ming Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Naturally Occurring

scholarly journals Selective Interaction of Sugarcane eIF4E with VPgs from Sugarcane Mosaic Pathogens

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Zongtao Yang ◽  
Meng Dong ◽  
Guangyuan Cheng ◽  
Shuxian Liu ◽  
Hai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Sugarcane Cultivar ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) plays a key role in the infection of potyviruses in susceptible plants by interacting with viral genome-linked protein (VPg). Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production is threatened by mosaic disease caused by Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), and Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV). In this study, two eIF4Es and their isoform eIF(iso)4E and 4E-binding protein coding genes were cloned from sugarcane cultivar ROC22 and designated SceIF4Ea, SceIF4Eb, SceIF(iso)4E, and ScnCBP, respectively. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed different expression profiles of these four genes upon SCMV challenge. A subcellular localization assay showed that SceIF4Ea, SceIF4Eb, SceIF(iso)4E, and ScnCBP were distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that SceIF4Ea/b and SceIF(iso)4E were selectively employed by different sugarcane mosaic pathogens, i.e., SCMV-VPg interacted with SceIF4Ea/b and SceIF(iso)4E, SrMV-VPg interacted with both SceIF4Eb and SceIF(iso)4E, and SCSMV-VPg interacted only with SceIF(iso)4E. Intriguingly, the BiFC assays, but not the Y2H assays, showed that ScnCBP interacted with the VPgs of SCMV, SrMV, and SCSMV. Competitive interaction assays showed that SCMV-VPg, SrMV-VPg, and SCMV-VPg did not compete with each other to interact with SceIF(iso)4E, and SceIF(iso)4E competed with SceIF4Eb to interact with SrMV-VPg but not SCMV-VPg. This study sheds light on the molecular mechanism of sugarcane mosaic pathogen infection of sugarcane plants and benefits sugarcane breeding against the sugarcane mosaic disease.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Mosaic Virus from the cocoa trees showing mosaic symptoms in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwit Probowati ◽  
SUSAMTO SOMOWIYARJO ◽  
SEDYO HARTONO
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
National Income ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Mosaic Symptom ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus ◽  
Molecular Characters

Abstact. Probowati W, Somowiyarjo S, Hartono S. 2019. Molecular characterization of Mosaic Virus From the cocoa trees showing mosaic symptoms in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3698-3704. Indonesia is the world's second-biggest producer of cacao after Ivory Coast with its cacao plantations spreads over 1,652 million hectares and mostly managed by smallholders. Cacao as a beneficial commodity can provide job opportunities for over 1.64 million people, with its contribution of more than US-$ 1.6 billion/year to national income. However, pest and disease infections are inevitably common constraints for the cacao cultivators. One current disease is caused by Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus (CSSV). Despite its noticeable symptoms on the cacao trees suffering from the disease, the knowledge on both the virus existence and the prevention steps in dealing with it is lacking. The information on the diversity of mosaic virus will help us to comprehend its epidemiologic development and the needed countermeasures, as well as its evolution. This research is intended to study the mosaic disease virus molecularly, the virus was obtained from DR1 clones from Kalibawang cacao plantation in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. The virus morphology was observed using a transmission electron microscope applying quick dipping method. The PCR analysis with conserved region ORF1 primers was conducted to detect the viral existence in the infected trees. The identification of CSSV molecular characters was undertaken using PCR sequencing analysis which was then examined using BioEdit and Mega5 programs to initiate a relationship dendrogram. The result showed that the DR1 cacao tree clones from Kalibawang were infected by mosaic virus with mild visual severity of leaf typical symptom. From the electronic microscope observation, a ±100 nm rod-shaped viral particle with a diameter of 15.3 mm was found. On the molecular level, the cause of mosaic symptom has CSSV amplified at conserved regions with size 375 bp. The results are the first report confirming that the molecular cause of cacao mosaic disease in Indonesia is CSSV. The molecular characters of CSSV in Yogyakarta are very different from those found abroad.

scholarly journals Distinguishing resistances of transgenic sugarcane generated from RNA interference and pathogen‐derived resistance approaches to combating sugarcane mosaic virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Weny Nailul Hidayati ◽  
Retnosari Apriasti ◽  
Hardian Susilo Addy ◽  
Bambang Sugiharto
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Sugarcane Mosaic Virus ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Transgenic Sugarcane ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Pathogen Derived Resistance

Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is a causative agent that reduces growth and productivity in sugarcane. Pathogen‐derived resistance (PDR) and RNA interference (RNAi) are the most common approaches to generating resis‐ tance against plant viruses. Two types of transgenic sugarcane have been obtained by PDR and RNAi methods using a gene‐encoding coat protein (CP) of SCMV (SCMVCp). This research aimed to distinguish resistance of the two transgenic sugarcanes in combating SCMV through artificial viral inoculation. The experiment was conducted using transgenic sugar‐ cane lines validated by PCR analysis. Insertion of gene‐encoding CP in the transgenic lines was confirmed by amplification of 702 bp of DNA fragment of SCMVCp. After viral inoculation, mosaic symptoms appeared earlier, at 21 days post inoculation (dpi) in PDR transgenic lines, but was at 26 dpi in RNAi transgenic lines. Symptom observation showed that 77.8% and 50% of the inoculated plants developed mosaic symptoms in PDR and RNAi transgenic lines, respectively. RT‐PCR analysis revealed that the nuclear inclusion protein b (Nib) gene of SCMV was amplified in the symptomatic leaves in plants classified as susceptible lines. Immunoblot analysis confirmed presence of viral CP with a molecular size of 37 kDa in the susceptible lines. Collectively, these results indicated that the RNAi approach targeting the gene for CP effectively produces more resistance against the SCMV infection in transgenic sugarcane compared to the PDR approach.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document