scholarly journals Soybean Resistance to the Soybean Cyst Nematode Heterodera glycines: An Update

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (12) ◽  
pp. 1444-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa G. Mitchum
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
Scn Resistance ◽  
Soybean Resistance ◽  
Nematode Virulence

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, remains a serious threat to soybean production throughout the world. A lack of genetic diversity in resistant soybean cultivars has led to a widespread shift toward virulence in SCN populations, leaving farmers with few proven options other than nonhost rotation to manage this nematode. Recent advances in our understanding of the genes controlling resistance to the nematode have led to improved molecular markers, which are, in turn, increasing the efficiency and precision of the breeding pipeline. A better understanding of the molecular and biochemical basis of SCN resistance and nematode virulence will provide information useful for the development of a long-term strategic plan for diversification and the deployment of cultivars that protect current sources of natural resistance while identifying new targets for engineering novel resistance.

Distribution, population density, race and type determination of soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, in Iran

Nematology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Salati ◽  
Robert Riggs ◽  
Zahra Tanha Maafi
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The World

AbstractThe soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, found in most soybean growing regions in the world, is considered the most economically damaging pathogen of soybean worldwide. A survey conducted in the northern provinces of Mazandaran and Golestan, the main soybean-producing areas in Iran, revealed SCN was widespread in different localities of these regions. Of the 55 and 88 soil samples collected from soybean fields in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces, respectively, ten (18.8%) and 23 (26%) samples were infested with H. glycines; the population densities of second-stage juveniles (J2) and eggs ranged from 500 to 60 000 and 500 to ≥100 000 per 250 cm3 soil, respectively. These population densities of H. glycines are indicative of reductions in soybean yield. HG Type tests were conducted on 16 field populations. HG Type 0 (race 3) was the most common with 94% frequency, whereas HG Type 7 (race 6) was found in 6% of tested populations. Most populations of H. glycines parasitised PI88788 and PI548316. Eight of the most commonly used soybean cultivars were tested against H. glycines HG Type 0; seven of them, Sepideh, Sahar (Pershing), Gorgan 3, Williams 82, JK (Sari), BP (Telar) and Hill, had high female indices and were considered susceptible to HG Type 0. Only the cultivar DPX showed low female indices and was resistant to race 3. The initial observations showed that the first life cycle of SCN required 30-34 days in early-planted fields (late May and early June), whereas in late-planted fields (early July), white females were visible 20 days after planting. Several generations could be expected in a single growing season under field conditions in northern Iran.

scholarly journals Esophageal Gland RNA-seq Resource of a Virulent and Avirulent Population of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Maier ◽  
Rick E. Masonbrink ◽  
Paramasivan Vijayapalani ◽  
Michael Gardner ◽  
Amanda D. Howland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Gland Cell ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Management Options

The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, is the most economically devastating pathogen of soybean in the United States and threatens to become even more damaging through the selection of virulent nematode populations in the field that can overcome natural resistance mechanisms in soybean cultivars. This pathogen, therefore, demands intense transcriptomic/genomic research inquiries into the biology of its parasitic mechanisms. H. glycines delivers effector proteins that are produced in specialized gland cells into the soybean root to enable infection. The study of effector proteins, thus, is particularly promising when exploring novel management options against this pathogen. Here we announce the availability of a gland cell-specific RNA-seq resource. These data represent an expression snapshot of gland cell activity during early soybean infection of a virulent and an avirulent H. glycines population, which provides a unique and highly valuable resource for scientists examining effector biology and nematode virulence.

scholarly journals Effect of Soybean Cyst Nematode Resistance Source and Seed Treatment on Population Densities of Heterodera glycines, Sudden Death Syndrome, and Yield of Soybean

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 2137-2143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuba R. Kandel ◽  
Kiersten A. Wise ◽  
Carl A. Bradley ◽  
Martin I. Chilvers ◽  
Adam M. Byrne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Scn Resistance ◽  
Pi 88788

A three-year study was conducted in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, and Ontario, Canada, from 2013 through 2015 to determine the effect of soybean (Glycine max) cultivars’ source of soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) resistance on SCN population densities, sudden death syndrome (SDS; caused by Fusarium virguliforme), and yield of soybean. Five cultivars were evaluated with and without fluopyram seed treatment at each location. Cultivars with no SCN resistance had greater SDS severity, greater postharvest SCN egg counts (Pf), and lower yield than cultivars with plant introduction (PI) 548402 (Peking) and PI 88788-type of SCN resistance (P < 0.05). Cultivars with Peking-type resistance had lower Pf than those with PI 888788-type and no SCN resistance. In two locations with HG type 1.2-, cultivars with Peking-type resistance had greater foliar disease index (FDX) than cultivars with PI 88788-type. Fluopyram seed treatment reduced SDS and improved yield compared with a base seed treatment but did not affect SCN reproduction and Pf (P > 0.05). FDX and Pf were positively correlated in all three years (P < 0.01). Our results indicate that SDS severity may be influenced by SCN population density and HG type, which are important to consider when selecting cultivars for SCN management.

Identification of novel haplotype of a cyst nematode resistance gene, GmSNAP18 in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ik-Young Choi ◽  
Prakash Basnet ◽  
Hana Yoo ◽  
Neha Samir Roy ◽  
Rahul Vasudeo Ramekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Scn Resistance

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most damaging pest of soybean. Discovery and characterization of the genes involved in SCN resistance are important in soybean breeding. Soluble NSF attachment protein (SNAP) genes are related to SCN resistance in soybean. SNAP genes include five gene families, and 2 haplotypes of exons 6 and 9 of SNAP18 are considered resistant to the SCN. In present study the haplotypes of GmSNAP18 were surveyed and chacterized in a total of 60 diverse soybean genotypes including Korean cultivars, landraces, and wild-types. The target region of exons 6 and 9 in GmSNAP18 region was amplified and sequenced to examine nucleotide variation. Characterization of 5 haplotypes identified in present study for the GmSNAP18 gene revealed two haplotypes as resistant, 1 as susceptible and two as novel. A total of twelve genotypes showed resistant haplotypes, and 45 cultivars were found susceptible. Interestingly, the two novel haplotypes were present in 3 soybean lines. The information provided here about the haplotypic variation of GmSNAP18 gene can be further explored for soybean breeding to develop resistant varieties.

scholarly journals Weeds Hosting the Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe): Management Implications in Agroecological Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Leonardo F. Rocha ◽  
Karla L. Gage ◽  
Mirian F. Pimentel ◽  
Jason P. Bond ◽  
Ahmad M. Fakhoury
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Sites Of Action

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is a major soybean-yield-limiting soil-borne pathogen, especially in the Midwestern US. Weed management is recommended for SCN integrated management, since some weed species have been reported to be hosts for SCN. The increase in the occurrence of resistance to herbicides complicates weed management and may further direct ecological–evolutionary (eco–evo) feedbacks in plant–pathogen complexes, including interactions between host plants and SCN. In this review, we summarize weed species reported to be hosts of SCN in the US and outline potential weed–SCN management interactions. Plants from 23 families have been reported to host SCN, with Fabaceae including most host species. Out of 116 weeds hosts, 14 species have known herbicide-resistant biotypes to 8 herbicide sites of action. Factors influencing the ability of weeds to host SCN are environmental and edaphic conditions, SCN initial inoculum, weed population levels, and variations in susceptibility of weed biotypes to SCN within a population. The association of SCN on weeds with relatively little fitness cost incurred by the latter may decrease the competitive ability of the crop and increase weed reproduction when SCN is present, feeding back into the probability of selecting for herbicide-resistant weed biotypes. Therefore, proper management of weed hosts of SCN should be a focus of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to prevent further eco–evo feedbacks in the cropping system.

scholarly journals Mycobiome of Cysts of the Soybean Cyst Nematode Under Long Term Crop Rotation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiming Hu ◽  
Noah Strom ◽  
Deepak Haarith ◽  
Senyu Chen ◽  
Kathryn E. Bushley
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cyst Nematode

scholarly journals Distinct Copy Number, Coding Sequence, and Locus Methylation Patterns Underlie Rhg1-Mediated Soybean Resistance to Soybean Cyst Nematode

2014 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 630-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Cook ◽  
Adam M. Bayless ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Guo ◽  
Qijian Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Coding Sequence ◽  
Soybean Resistance ◽  
Methylation Patterns

AAC Richard Soybean

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangfu Yu ◽  
Lorna Woodrow ◽  
M. Chun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
High Protein Concentration ◽  
Glycine Max L

AAC Richard is a food grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] cultivar with yellow hilum, high protein concentration, and good processing quality for foreign and domestic soymilk, tofu, and miso markets. It has resistance to SCN (soybean cyst nematode) (Heterodera Glycines Ichinohe). AAC Richard was developed at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Harrow Research and Development Centre (Harrow-RDC), Harrow, Ontario and is adapted to areas of southwest Ontario with 3100 or more crop heat units and has a relative maturity of 2.3 (MG 2.3).

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