scholarly journals Rapid Detection of the Fusarium oxysporum Lineage Containing the Canary Island Date Palm Wilt Pathogen

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Plyler ◽  
G. W. Simone ◽  
D. Fernandez ◽  
H. C. Kistler
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Canary Island ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Genomic Library ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Partial Genomic Library

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. canariensis causes Fusarium wilt disease on the Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis). To facilitate disease management, a polymerase chain reaction diagnostic method has been developed to rapidly detect the pathogen. A partial genomic library of F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis isolate 95-913 was used to identify a DNA sequence diagnostic for a lineage containing all tested isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis. Two oligonucleotide primers were designed and used to amplify a 567-bp fragment with F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis DNAs. DNA from 61 outgroup isolates did not amplify using these primers. Once the primers were shown to amplify a 0.567-kb fragment from DNA of all the F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis isolates tested, a rapid DNA extraction procedure was developed that led to the correct identification of 98% of the tested F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis isolates.

Characterization of a microsatellite locus in the parasitoid wasp Aphelinus abdominalis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vanlerberghe-Masutti ◽  
P. Chavigny
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Locus ◽  
Genomic Library ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Aphid Parasitoid ◽  
Augmentative Release ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Partial Genomic Library

AbstractPrimers for DNA amplification using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were synthesized for a microsatellite locus isolated from a partial genomic library of the aphid parasitoid Aphelinus abdominalis (Dalman). Screening for genetic polymorphism at this locus in two laboratory strains of this wasp revealed the presence of two alleles different in the number of (GT) and (GGC) repeats. The relative frequencies of the two alleles were not significantly different between the two strains or between diploid females and haploid males. Heterozygosity at this microsatellite locus was estimated to be 0.40 which is within the range in other hymenopterous species. Given that A. abdominalis is a good candidate for augmentative release programmes in greenhouses against aphids, we suggest that microsatellite markers may have application in discriminating among aphelinid sibling species and strains. The markers provide a means for studying the performance and impact of selected parasitoid lines on pest dynamics in field release experiments.

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. canariensis Causing Fusarium Wilt on Phoenix canariensis in Sardinia, Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 773-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Migheli ◽  
V. Balmas ◽  
M. Muresu ◽  
L. Otgianu ◽  
B. Fresu
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
American Phytopathological Society ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Polymerase Chain

During the summer of 2004, severe symptoms of wilt were observed on 25-year-old plants of Canary Island Date Palm (Phoenix canariensis Hort. ex Chabaud) located at the seafront of Poetto Beach in the metropolitan area of Cagliari, southern Sardinia, Italy. Symptoms consisted of one-sided leaflet dieback of fronds, necrotic and brown streaking on the lower rachis base of older leaves, and necrosis of vascular bundles. Of 300 palms, there were 90 plants that were symptomatic and at least 4 were dead. Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. emend. Snyder & Hansen has been consistently isolated from surface-sterilized petioles of symptomatic leaves sampled from affected palms. The opportunistic pathogen Gliocladium vermoesenii (Biourge) Thom was frequently associated with F. oxysporum in diseased samples, confirming previous reports of a disease complex between these two fungi (1). Five F. oxysporum isolates collected from different symptomatic plants were analyzed with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay with the F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis-specific primers HK66 + HK67 (2). The thermocycling schedule was as follows: initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 min, 35 cycles each of 1 min at 94°C, 1 min at 62°C, 1 min and 30 s at 72°C, followed by a final extension at 72°C for 5 min. A 567-bp PCR product of the expected size was obtained from all tested F. oxysporum isolates, allowing their identification as F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis. This disease was previously reported from other Italian regions (Sicily, Marche, and Liguria), but its presence in Sardinia should be considered carefully since it represents a serious threat to ornamental palms, which are abundant all over the island. The source of this outbreak may be related to the importation of seedlings from areas where F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis is widely established. References: (1) H. D. Ohr. Pink rot (Gliocladium Blight). Pages 24–25 in: Diseases and Disorders of Ornamental Palms. A. R. Chase and T. K. Broschat, eds. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1991. (2) T. R. Plyler et al. Phytopathology 89:407, 1999.

scholarly journals Emerging Palm Diseases in Florida

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Canary Island ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Sabal Palmetto ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Lethal Yellowing ◽  
Syagrus Romanzoffiana ◽  
Cabbage Palm

Since the mid-1990s, several new pathogens and diseases have emerged on palms (Arecaceae) growing in Florida. These include two formae speciales of Fusarium oxysporum, with f. sp. canariensis causing fusarium wilt of canary island date palm (Phoenix canariensis) and a new forma specialis causing Fusarium wilt of queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana) and mexican fan palm (Washingtonia robusta). The texas phoenix palm decline phytoplasma (‘Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae’ subgroup 16SrIV-D), which causes a lethal yellowing-type disease, has been detected in date palms (Phoenix spp.), queen palm, and cabbage palm (Sabal palmetto). New rachis (petiole) blight pathogens include Cocoicola californica on mexican fan palm and Serenomyces species on several palm species.

Fusarium Wilt of Canary Island Date Palm

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2006 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathology ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Canary Island ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
The U.S

Unlike most fungal diseases of palms, this disease is very host specific, with the primary host being Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm). It is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. canariensis. The name “Fusarium wilt of Canary Island date palm” was given to this disease to distinguish it from two other Fusarium wilt diseases that occur on palms, which are also very host specific. In Florida (and the U.S.), the name is often shortened to simply “Fusarium wilt.” This document is PP-215, one of a series of the Plant Pathology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date January 2006. PP-215/PP139: Fusarium Wilt of Canary Island Date Palm (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals The contribution of the Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis) to the winter diet of frugivores in novel ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk HR Spennemann
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Canary Island ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Novel Ecosystems ◽  
Date Palms ◽  
Phoenix Canariensis ◽  
Winter Diet ◽  
Native Foods

Abstract With the increasing expansion in urban areas, many species have adapted to utilising horticulturally used plants as alternate or augmentary food sources, in particular, during winter – when native foods are largely absent. Ornamental palms, particularly Canary Island Date Palms, fruit continuously during most of the year and thus provide a stable food supply. Based on observational, metric and bio-chemical data, this paper examines the role Canary Island Date Palms can and do play in the nutrition of frugivorous animals, in particular, for birds. It demonstrates that with its nearly year-round provisioning of drupes, the palm plays a major role as a ‘staple’ and backup food source for several species.

scholarly journals In Planta and Soil Quantification of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris and Evaluation of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Chickpea with a Newly Developed Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jiménez-Fernández ◽  
Miguel Montes-Borrego ◽  
Rafael M. Jiménez-Díaz ◽  
Juan A. Navas-Cortés ◽  
Blanca B. Landa
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Field Plot ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Fusarium wilt of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris can be managed by risk assessment and use of resistant cultivars. A reliable method for the detection and quantification of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris in soil and chickpea tissues would contribute much to implementation of those disease management strategies. In this study, we developed a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) protocol that allows quantifying F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris DNA down to 1 pg in soil, as well as in the plant root and stem. Use of the q-PCR protocol allowed quantifying as low as 45 colony forming units of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris per gram of dry soil from a field plot infested with several races of the pathogen. Moreover, the q-PCR protocol clearly differentiated susceptible from resistant chickpea reactions to the pathogen at 15 days after sowing in artificially infested soil, as well as the degree of virulence between two F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris races. Also, the protocol detected early asymptomatic root infections and distinguished significant differences in the level of resistance of 12 chickpea cultivars that grew in that same field plot infested with several races of the pathogen. Use of this protocol for fast, reliable, and cost-effective quantification of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris in asymptomatic chickpea tissues at early stages of the infection process can be of great value for chickpea breeders and for epidemiological studies in growth chambers, greenhouses and field-scale plots.

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