scholarly journals Efficient In Vitro Production of Cat Embryos in Modified Synthetic Oviduct Fluid Medium: Effects of Season and Ovarian Status

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Freistedt ◽  
Miodrag Stojkovic ◽  
Eckhard Wolf
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Medium Effects ◽  
Fluid Medium ◽  
Ovarian Status ◽  
Oviduct Fluid ◽  
Vitro Production

scholarly journals VOLUME DE MEIO E NÚMERO DE OÓCITOS PARA FECUNDACÃO NA PRODUÇÃO IN VITRO DE EMBRIÕES BOVINOS

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. BRUM ◽  
F.G. LEIVAS ◽  
M.R. NOEBAUER ◽  
M.L. BERNARDI ◽  
C.A.M. SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Oviduct Fluid ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Hatching Rates

A origem dos Complexos Cumulus-Oócitos (CCO) bovinos e os diferentes protocolos entre equipes geram variações nos índices de produção in vitro (PIV). O processo pode ser influenciado pelo número de CCO e volume das gotas de maturação, fecundação e cultivo. Neste estudo, avaliou-se a densidade de CCO e o volume de meio de fecundação sobre a PIV com 672 oócitos bovinos. A maturação in vitro (MIV) foi conduzida com 20 CCO em 200µL de TCM-199+rFSHh+10% de soro de vaca em estro (SVE), por 24h, em estufa a 39ºC, 5% CO2 em ar e umidade saturada. Na fecundação (Dia 0 =D0) utilizou-se 5, 10 ou 20 CCO e 2 volumes de meio (1:5 e 1:10), num fatorial 3x2, em 6 repetições. O sêmen foi selecionado por migração ascendente e para a fertilização (1x106 espermatozóides/mL) os gametas foram incubados em Fert-Talp, por 18h. O cultivo foi em grupos de 20 zigotos, em 200µL de fluído sintético do oviduto (SOF) aaci+5%SVE, por 8 dias e as avaliações em D2 (clivagem), D7 (Blastocistos), D9 (Blastocistos expandidos, em eclosão e eclodidos). As taxas de clivagem (80, 85 e 87%), embriões em D9 (23, 27 e 28%) e de eclosão (42, 37 e 48%) foram semelhantes (P>0,05) para 5, 10 ou 20 CCO, respectivamente. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) na clivagem (83 e 85%), embriões em D9 (24 e 28%) e eclosão (41 e 44%) entre as proporções 1:5 e 1:10µL. A produção de blastocistos e taxa de eclosão em D9 não são influenciados pelo número de CCO, nem pela proporção de CCO por volume de meio na fecundação. Volume of medium and number of oocytes for fertilization in the in vitro production of bovine embryos Abstract The origin of the bovine Cumulus Oocytes Complexes (COC) and the different protocols among teems are responsible for the variation rates of the in vitro production (IVP). The process is also influenced by COC number and by the volume of the drop in the maturation, fertilization and culture. In this study, the effect of bovine COC density per drop medium and the fertilization medium volume were evaluated during the bovine IVP using 672 COC. The in vitro maturation was performed with 20 COC in 200µL of TCM-199+rFSHh+10% estrus cow serum (ECS), for 24h in an incubator with 5%CO2 in air, saturated humidity, at 39oC. For the fertilization (Day 0 = D0) 5, 10 or 20 COC and 2 volumes ratio of medium (1:5 and 1:10) were used in a factorial outline 3x2, in 6 replications. Thawed semen was prepared by a swim up process and for the fertilization (1x106 spermatozoa/ ml) the gametes were maintained in Fert-Talp for 18h. Groups of twenty presumed zygotes were cultured in 200µL synthetic oviduct fluid (SOFaaci)+5% ECS, for 8 days. The evaluations were carried out in D2 (cleavage), D7 (blastocysts) and D9 (expanded and hatched blastocyts). The rates of cleavage (80, 85 and 87%), embryos in D9/ D2 (23, 27 and 28%) and hatched blastocstys in D9/D7 (42, 37 and 48%) were similar (P>0.05) for 5, 10 and 20 COC, respectively. No difference was observed in cleavage (83 and 85%), embryos in D9 (24 and 28%) and hatching rates (41 and 44%) for 1:5 and 1:10µL of fertilization medium. Blastocysts production and the hatching rate in D9 were neither influenced by the COC number, nor by the proportion of COC per medium volume used during fertilization.

THE IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF ANDROGENS BY FOLLICULAR TISSUE OF RABBITS

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Gospodarowicz
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Vitro Production

ABSTRACT Incubation in vitro of rabbit follicles in separate experiments with dehydroepiandrosterone-14C (DHEA-14C), progesterone-14C and pregnenolone-3H in the presence of FSH gave the following results: 39 % of the radioactivity of DHEA-14C is converted to androstenedione and testosterone, while only 3 % of the radioactivity of either progesterone-14C or pregnenolone-3H is found in the androgen fraction. From the ratio of testosterone to androstenedione formed from the three precursors, the results are interpreted to mean that DHEA and pregnenolone, and not progesterone, are precursors of androgens in the follicle.

Oxygenation of 18-hydroxycorticosterone as the final reaction for aldosterone biosynthesis

1984 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itaru Kojima ◽  
Etsuro Ogata ◽  
Hiroshi Inano ◽  
Bun-ichi Tamaoki
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Preparation ◽  
Final Reaction ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Abstract. Incubation of 18-hydroxycorticosterone with the sonicated mitochondrial preparation of bovine adrenal glomerulosa tissue leads to the production of aldosterone, as measured by radioimmunoassay. The in vitro production of aldosterone from 18-hydroxycorticosterone requires both molecular oxygen and NADPH, and is inhibited by carbon monoxide. Cytochrome P-450 inhibitors such as metyrapone, SU 8000. SU 10603, SKF 525A, amphenone B and spironolactone decrease the biosynthesis of aldosterone from 18-hydroxycorticosterone. These results support the conclusion that the final reaction in aldosterone synthesis from 18-hydroxycorticosterone is catalyzed by an oxygenase, but not by 18-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. By the same preparation, the production of [3H]aldosterone but not [3H]18-hydroxycorticosterone from [1,2-3H ]corticosterone is decreased in a dose-dependent manner by addition of non-radioactive 18-hydroxycorticosterone.

scholarly journals Nano-Elicitation as an Effective and Emerging Strategy for In Vitro Production of Industrially Important Flavonoids

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1694
Author(s):  
Amna Komal Khan ◽  
Sidra Kousar ◽  
Duangjai Tungmunnithum ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
Bilal Haider Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Defense System ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Over Exploitation ◽  
Vitro Production

Flavonoids represent a popular class of industrially important bioactive compounds. They possess valuable health-benefiting and disease preventing properties, and therefore they are an important component of the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetical and medicinal industries. Moreover, flavonoids possess significant antiallergic, antihepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, and antibacterial as well as cardio-protective activities. Due to these properties, there is a rise in global demand for flavonoids, forming a significant part of the world market. However, obtaining flavonoids directly from plants has some limitations, such as low quantity, poor extraction, over-exploitation, time consuming process and loss of flora. Henceforth, there is a shift towards the in vitro production of flavonoids using the plant tissue culture technique to achieve better yields in less time. In order to achieve the productivity of flavonoids at an industrially competitive level, elicitation is a useful tool. The elicitation of in vitro cultures induces stressful conditions to plants, activates the plant defense system and enhances the accumulation of secondary metabolites in higher quantities. In this regard, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as novel and effective elicitors for enhancing the in vitro production of industrially important flavonoids. Different classes of NPs, including metallic NPs (silver and copper), metallic oxide NPs (copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide) and carbon nanotubes, are widely reported as nano-elicitors of flavonoids discussed herein. Lastly, the mechanisms of NPs as well as knowledge gaps in the area of the nano-elicitation of flavonoids have been highlighted in this review.

scholarly journals In Vitro Production of Embryos from Prepubertal Holstein Cattle and Mediterranean Water Buffalo: Problems, Progress and Potential

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2275
Author(s):  
Luke Currin ◽  
Hernan Baldassarre ◽  
Vilceu Bordignon
Keyword(s):  
Water Buffalo ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Follicular Aspiration ◽  
Current State ◽  
Widespread Implementation ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Mediterranean Water

Laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) coupled with in vitro embryo production (IVEP) in prepubertal cattle and buffalo accelerates genetic gain. This article reviews LOPU-IVEP technology in prepubertal Holstein Cattle and Mediterranean Water Buffalo. The recent expansion of genomic-assisted selection has renewed interest and demand for prepubertal LOPU-IVEP schemes; however, low blastocyst development rates has constrained its widespread implementation. Here, we present an overview of the current state of the technology, limitations that persist and suggest possible solutions to improve its efficiency, with a focus on gonadotropin stimulations strategies to prime oocytes prior to follicular aspiration, and IVEP procedures promoting growth factor metabolism and limiting oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

scholarly journals Cytokinin Mediated Increased In Vitro Production of Secondary Metabolites with Special Reference to Solasodine in Solanum erianthum

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. e62-e68
Author(s):  
Jeeta Sarkar ◽  
Nirmalya Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

AbstractSteroid alkaloid solasodine is a nitrogen analogue of diosgenin and has great importance in the production of steroidal medicines. Solanum erianthum D. Don (Solanaceae) is a good source of solasodine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different cytokinins on the production of secondary metabolites, especially solasodine in the in vitro culture of S. erianthum. For solasodine estimation, field-grown plant parts and in vitro tissues were extracted thrice and subjected to high-performance liquid Chromatography. Quantitative analysis of different secondary metabolites showed that the amount was higher in the in vitro regenerated plantlets compared to callus and field-grown plants. The present study critically evaluates the effect of the type of cytokinin used in the culture medium on solasodine accumulation in regenerated plants. The highest solasodine content (46.78±3.23 mg g-1) was recorded in leaf extracts of the in vitro grown plantlets in the presence of 6-γ,γ-dimethylallylamino purine in the culture medium and the content was 3.8-fold higher compared to the mother plant.

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