scholarly journals The effects of vitamin A and retinoic acid supplementation to neonatal rats or dietary vitamin A supplementation to lactating mothers on vitamin A metabolism and kinetics in neonatal rats (645.20)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Libo Tan ◽  
Michael Green ◽  
A. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin A Metabolism ◽  
Lactating Mothers

scholarly journals Impact of Maternal Daily Oral Low-Dose Vitamin A Supplementation on the Mother–Infant Pair: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial in China

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2370
Author(s):  
Ye Ding ◽  
Ping Hu ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Fangping Xu ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Lactating Mothers

Background: The nutritional status of vitamin A in lactating mothers and infants is still not optimistic. Due to the dietary habits and dietary restrictions of postpartum customs in China, vitamin A supplementation has been advocated as a potential strategy to improve vitamin A status of lactating mothers with inadequate dietary vitamin A intake. Existing clinical trials are limited to single or double high-dose maternal administrations. However, in China, vitamin A supplements are readily available in the form of daily oral low-dose supplements, and the effect of these is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation on the retinol levels in the serum and breast milk of lactating mothers and the health status of infants in China. Methods: Lactating mothers who met the inclusion criteria and planned to continue exclusive breastfeeding were randomly assigned to receive either daily oral vitamin A and D drops (one soft capsule of 1800 IU vitamin A and 600 IU vitamin D2), or a matching placebo for 2 months. Before and after the intervention, dietary intake was investigated by instant photography, and the retinol concentration in maternal serum and breast milk was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. During the trial, the health status of infants was diagnosed by a paediatrician or reported by lactating mothers. A total of 245 participants completed the study, with 117 in the supplementation group and 128 in the control group. Results: After the 2-month intervention, maternal serum retinol concentrations increased in the supplementation group with no change in the control group. Although breast milk retinol concentrations decreased significantly in both groups, the decrease in the supplementation group was significantly lower than that in the control group. However, maternal vitamin A supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of infant febrile illness, respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, and eczema. Conclusions: Daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation is helpful in improving maternal vitamin A status, despite having no effect on infant health status through breast milk.

scholarly journals Dietary vitamin A supplementation in rats: suppression of leptin and induction of UCP1 mRNA

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 824-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica V. Kumar ◽  
Gregory D. Sunvold ◽  
Philip J. Scarpace
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation

scholarly journals Retinol kinetics in unsupplemented and vitamin A-retinoic acid supplemented neonatal rats: a preliminary model

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libo Tan ◽  
Amanda E. Wray ◽  
Michael H. Green ◽  
A. Catharine Ross
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Preliminary Model

The Effect of Vitamin A Supplementation on Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptor γt (RORγt) and Interleukin-17 (IL-17) Gene Expression in Avonex-Treated Multiple Sclerotic Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niyaz Mohammadzadeh Honarvar ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Harirchian ◽  
Fariba Koohdani ◽  
Feridoun Siassi ◽  
Mina Abdolahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Orphan Receptor ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation

scholarly journals Normalization of enzyme expression and activity regulating vitamin A metabolism increases RAR-beta expression and reduces cellular migration and proliferation in diseases caused by tuberous sclerosis gene mutations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ElHusseiny MM Abdelwahab ◽  
Judit Bovari-Biri ◽  
Gabor Smuk ◽  
Tunde Harko ◽  
Janos Fillinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Cellular Migration ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Vitamin A Metabolism ◽  
Expression And Activity

Abstract Background Mutation in a tuberous sclerosis gene (TSC1 or 2) leads to continuous activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). mTOR activation alters cellular including vitamin A metabolism and retinoic acid receptor beta (RARβ) expression. The goal of the present study was to investigate the molecular connection between vitamin A metabolism and TSC mutation. We also aimed to investigate the effect of the FDA approved drug rapamycin and the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid (RA) in cell lines with TSC mutation. Methods Expression and activity of vitamin A associated metabolic enzymes and RARβ were assessed in human kidney angiomyolipoma derived cell lines, primary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) tissue derived LAM cell lines as well as RARβ protein levels were tested in primary LAM lung tissue sections. TaqMan arrays, enzyme activities, qRT-PCRs, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescent staining and western blotting were performed and analysed. The functional effects of retinoic acid (RA) and rapamycin were tested in a scratch and a BrDU assay to assess cell migration and proliferation. Results Metabolic enzyme arrays revealed a general deregulation of many enzymes involved in vitamin A metabolism including aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Furthermore, RARβ downregulation was a characteristic feature of all TSC-deficient cell lines and primary tissues. Combination of the two FDA approved drugs -RA for acute myeloid leukaemia and rapamycin for TSC mutation- normalised ALDH and ADH expression and activity, restored RARβ expression and reduced cellular proliferation and migration. Conclusion Deregulation of vitamin A metabolizing enzymes is a feature of TSC mutation. RA can normalize RARβ levels and limit cell migration, but does not have a significant effect on proliferation. Based on our data, translational studies could confirm whether combination of RA with reduced dosage of rapamycin would have more beneficial effects to higher dosage of rapamycin monotherapy meanwhile reducing adverse effects of rapamycin for patients with TSC mutation.

Effect of dietary vitamin A on the mixed function oxidases and the pneumotoxicity of 3-methylindole in goats

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 816-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Burley ◽  
T. M. Bray
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Retinyl Palmitate ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
High Vitamin ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial

To determine the effects of dietary vitamin A on the activity of the mixed function oxidase (MFO) system and on the susceptibility to 3-methylindole (3MI)-induced respiratory disease, goats were fed a high (supplemented with 12 000 IU retinyl palmitate/kg) or a low (no supplementation) vitamin A diet for 14 weeks. Four animals in each dietary group were then challenged with [14C]3MI. The remaining four animals served as controls. Enzyme assays were performed and severity of the 3MI-induced lung damage was scored. Consumption of the low vitamin A diet resulted in a significant reduction in the liver and lung contents of vitamin A; however, serum concentration of vitamin A was unaffected. High vitamin A supplementation did not alter the activity of the MFO system. Clinical signs, lung – body weight ratio and wet – dry weight ratio of the lungs of 3MI-infused goats were not significantly different; however, in the low vitamin A goats, the microscopic lesions such as the extent of alveolar epithelial hyperplasia were judged to be significantly more severe than those observed in the high vitamin A goats.

Vitamin A deficiency among children younger than 5 y in India: an analysis of national data sets to reflect on the need for vitamin A supplementation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bhanuprakash Reddy ◽  
Raghu Pullakhandam ◽  
Santu Ghosh ◽  
Naveen K Boiroju ◽  
Shalini Tattari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
National Prevalence

ABSTRACT Background Biochemical vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is believed to be a serious public health problem (low serum retinol prevalence >20%) in Indian children, justifying universal high-dose vitamin A supplementation (VAS). Objective To evaluate in Indian children younger than 5 y the risk of biochemical VAD from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey, as well as dietary vitamin A inadequacy and excess over the tolerable upper limit of intake (TUL) from national and subnational surveys, factoring in fortification and VAS. Methods Child serum retinol data, corrected for inflammation, were examined to evaluate national- and state-level prevalence of VAD. Simultaneously, dietary intakes from the National Sample Survey Office and the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau were examined for risk of dietary vitamin A deficiency against its average requirement (AR) derived for Indian children. Theoretical estimates of risk reduction with oil and milk vitamin A fortification were evaluated along with the risk of exceeding the TUL, as well as when combined with intake from VAS. Results The national prevalence of biochemical VAD measured in 9563 children was 15.7% (95% CI: 15.2%, 16.3%), and only 3 states had prevalence significantly >20%. The AR of vitamin A was 198 and 191 µg/d for boys and girls; the risk of dietary inadequacy was ∼70%, which reduced to 25% with oil and milk fortification. Then, the risk of exceeding the TUL was 2% and 1% in 1- to 3-y-old and 4- to 5-y-old children, respectively, but when the VAS dose was added to this intake in a cumulative 6-mo framework, the risk of exceeding the TUL rose to 30% and 8%, respectively. Conclusion The national prevalence of VAD risk is below 20% in Indian children. Because there is risk of excess intake with food fortification and VAS, serious consideration should be given to a targeted approach in place of the universal VAS program in India.

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