DOWN REGULATION OF HEPATIC FATTY ACID SYNTHASE WITH ACUTE EXERCISE IN FASTED AND REFED RATS 593

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
R. Fiebig ◽  
M. Gore ◽  
L. L. Ji ◽  
M. A. Griffiths ◽  
K. Esser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Gene expression pattern of acetyl-coA carboxylase alpha, fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase in pregnant Barki sheep under complete feed deprivation

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Ahmed El-Sayed ◽  
Ahmed Ateya ◽  
Mohamed Hamed ◽  
Sherif Shoieb ◽  
Hussam Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Feed Deprivation ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

Objective: To assess the mRNA level of acetyl CoA carboxylase alpha (ACACA), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) by means of real-time PCR in Barki sheep subjected to complete feed deprivation. Design: Controlled study. Animals: Seven healthy pregnant ewes. Procedures: Ewes were subjected to complete feed deprivation with ad libitum water for five consecutive days. Venous blood samples were collected from each ewe before (zero time) and on the fifth day post-deprivation of feed for measurement of the mRNA level of ACACA, FASN, and SCD and assessment of serum metabolic profile parameters. Results: On the fifth day post-fasting, the gene expression pattern of ACACA, FASN, SCD genes showed a significant (p < 0.05) down regulation in comparison with pre-deprivation of feed. There was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the serum level of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxyl buteric acid (BHBA), and triglycerides in pregnant ewes in the fifth day post-fasting in comparison with pre-deprivation of feed. On the other hand, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the level of glucose, cholesterol, and insulin in pregnant ewes in the fifth day post-fasting compared with pre-deprivation of feed. On histopathology, liver showed marked heptic steatosis in midzonal and periportal area, with formation of small fatty cysts in liver lobule. There was a positive correlation between leptin and insulin (r = 0.996; p < 0.01), BHB and leptin (r = 0.951; p < 0.05) and glucose and SCD (r = 1.0, p < 0.01). However, there was a negative correlation between FASN and NEFA (r = - 0.991; p < 0.05), FASN and leptin (r = -0.683; p < 0.05) and FASN and cholesterol (r = - 0.82; p < 0.05). Conclusion and clinical relevance: Pregnant Barki ewes can clinically tolerate complete feed deprivation for five days, with down regulation of ACACA, FASN, SCD genes and presence of marked metabolic changes. Therefore, metabolic monitoring is warranted to predict the early changes associated with feed deprivation under different stressful conditions.

Down-regulation of fatty acid synthase is associated with decreased Akt activation in lovastatin induced apoptosis cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-C. Chang ◽  
Y.-H. Huang ◽  
C.-M. Shih ◽  
J.-Y. Wu ◽  
C.-L. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Akt Activation ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Exercise attenuates nuclear protein binding to gene regulatory sequences of hepatic fatty acid synthase

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russel Fiebig ◽  
Mitchell T. Gore ◽  
Li Li Ji
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protein Binding ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Nuclear Protein ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Transcription Rate ◽  
Response Element ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid ◽  
Fas Mrna

The effect of an acute bout of exhaustive exercise on hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) gene expression was examined in rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (age 8 wk) were fasted for 48 h (F, n = 6), or fasted, refed a high-fructose diet for 6 h, and killed at rest (R, n = 6) or killed after running on a treadmill at 27 m/min and 5% grade for 88 ± 7 min (E, n = 6). Gel mobility shift assay indicated that R rats had twofold higher liver nuclear protein binding to oligonucleotides corresponding to the insulin responsive sequence (−71/−50) and carbohydrate response element (+283/+303) on the FAS promoter, compared with F rats. Exercise severely attenuated this binding in liver nuclear extracts to the levels seen in F rats. Competition and supershift experiments revealed that the bound protein complexes contained the upstream stimulatory factors. Nuclear run-on experiment revealed a 49-fold increase in transcription rate of the FAS gene in R vs. F rats, whereas exercise suppressed the transcription rate. FAS mRNA abundance and FAS enzyme activity were dramatically increased with refeeding but were unaltered by exercise. The results reveal that dietary induction of hepatic FAS is stimulated by increased nuclear protein binding to insulin responsive sequence and carbohydrate response element, whereas exhaustive exercise attenuates the binding, which may precede downregulation of FAS mRNA and enzyme synthesis reported in our previous work (M. A. Griffiths, R. Fiebig, M. T. Gore, D. H. Baker, K. Esser, L. Oscai, and L. L. Ji. J. Nutr. 126, 1959–1971, 1996).

scholarly journals d-allulose Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction in C57BL/KsJ-db/db Mice

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3656
Author(s):  
Dayoun Lee ◽  
Youngji Han ◽  
Eun-Young Kwon ◽  
Myung-Sook Choi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid

d-allulose is an uncommon sugar that provides almost no calories when consumed. Its sweetness is 70% that of sucrose. d-allulose is a metabolic regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, few reports concerning its effect on diabetes and related metabolic disturbances in db/db mice are available. In this study, we evaluated d-allulose’s effect on hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, diabetes and inflammatory responses in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. Mice were divided into normal diet, erythritol supplemented (5% w/w), and d-allulose supplemented (5% w/w) groups. Blood glucose and plasma glucagon levels and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) were significantly lower in the d-allulose group than in the normal diet group, and plasma insulin level was significantly increased. Further, d-allulose supplement significantly increased hepatic glucokinase activity and decreased hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity. Expression of glucose transporter 4, insulin receptor substrate 1, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha and AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 were also upregulated by d-allulose supplement in adipocyte and muscle. Finally, d-allulose effectively lowered plasma and hepatic triglyceride and free fatty acid levels, and simultaneously reduced hepatic fatty acid oxidation and carnitine palmitoyl transferase activity. These changes are likely attributable to suppression of hepatic fatty acid synthase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Notably, d-allulose also reduced pro-inflammatory adipokine and cytokine levels in plasma. Our results indicate that d-allulose is an effective sugar substitute for improving lipid and glucose metabolism.

Du-zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) Leaf Extract Mediates Hypolipidemic Action in Hamsters Fed a High-Fat Diet

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (01) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung-Sook Choi ◽  
Un Ju Jung ◽  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Gyeong-Min Do ◽  
Seon-Min Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid ◽  
Coa Reductase

This study examined the effect of a Du-zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) leaf extract (0.175 g/100 g diet) that was supplemented with a high-fat diet (10% coconut oil, 0.2% cholesterol, wt/wt) on hyperlipidemic hamsters. Hamsters fed with Du-zhong leaf extract for 10 weeks showed a smaller size of epididymal adipocytes compared to the control group. The supplementation of the Du-zhong leaf extract significantly lowered the plasma levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, non HDL-cholesterol, and free fatty acid, whereas it elevated the HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio and apolipoprotein A-I levels. The hepatic cholesterol concentration was lower in the Du-zhong group than in the control group. The plasma total cholesterol concentration was positively correlated with hepatic HMG- CoA reductase activity (r = 0.547, p < 0.05) and hepatic cholesterol concentration (r = 0.769, p < 0.001). The hepatic fatty acid synthase and HMG- CoA reductase activities were significantly lowered by a Du-zhong leaf extract supplement in high fat-fed hamsters. Hepatic fatty acid synthase activity was positively correlated with plasma fatty acid concentration (r = 0.513, p < 0.05) that was lower in the Du-zhong group. These results demonstrate that the Du-zhong leaf extract exhibits antihyperlipidemic properties by suppressing hepatic fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis with the simultaneous reduction of plasma and hepatic lipids in high fat-fed hamsters.

scholarly journals Exercise Down-Regulates Hepatic Fatty Acid Synthase in Streptozotocin-Treated Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 131 (9) ◽  
pp. 2252-2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell G. Fiebig ◽  
John M. Hollander ◽  
Li Li Ji
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Hepatic Fatty Acid
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