Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Female Athletes

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S34
Author(s):  
Anette M. Rickenlund ◽  
Kjell Carlstr??m ◽  
Bj??rn Ekblom ◽  
Torkel Brismar ◽  
Bo von Schoultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Female Athletes

scholarly journals Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Female Athletes

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 4364-4370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anette Rickenlund ◽  
Kjell Carlström ◽  
Björn Ekblom ◽  
Torkel B. Brismar ◽  
Bo von Schoultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Female Athletes

Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Female Athletes

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S34
Author(s):  
Anette M. Rickenlund ◽  
Kjell Carlström ◽  
Björn Ekblom ◽  
Torkel Brismar ◽  
Bo von Schoultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Female Athletes

scholarly journals IGF-I and IGFBP-1 in Relation to Body Composition and Physical Performance in Female Olympic Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Eklund ◽  
Anton Hellberg ◽  
Bo Berglund ◽  
Kerstin Brismar ◽  
Angelica Lindén Hirschberg
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Olympic Athletes ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Igf I

IntroductionInsulin- like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is an anabolic hormone that may affect athletic performance in female athletes, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) is an important regulator of bioactive IGF-I. There is limited knowledge of the role of endogenous IGF-I and IGFBP-1 for body composition and physical performance in female elite athletes.PurposeTo examine IGF-I, age adjusted IGF-I (IGFSD), IGFBP-1 and insulin in female Olympic athletes compared with controls and different sport categories, and in relation to body composition and physical performance in the athletes.MethodsFemale athletes (n=103) and untrained controls (n=113) were included in this cross-sectional study. Body composition was established by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum IGF-I and IGFBP-1 were analyzed by radioimmunoassay and IGFSD was calculated. Insulin was analyzed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Athletes were offered to participate in standardized physical fitness tests.ResultsThe athletes demonstrated significantly higher IGF-I, IGFSD and IGFBP-1 and lower insulin levels than controls (p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001 respectively). Power athletes had significantly higher IGFSD compared to both endurance and technical athletes (p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively). In athletes and controls combined, significant positive correlations were found between IGF variables and higher bone mineral density (BMD) and lean mass and lower fat percent. IGF-I was positively correlated with squat jump (rs = 0.28, p<0.05) and IGFBP-1 correlated positively with squats (rs =0.35, p<0.05).ConclusionWe found higher IGF-I, IGFSD and IGFBP-1 in female athletes than controls, and the highest IGFSD in power athletes. IGF-I and IGFBP-1 were related to increased BMD and lean mass and lower fat percent, as well as were positively associated with physical fitness tests. Future studies are needed to elucidate if these results reflect adaptive responses to physical activity or genetic predisposition.

scholarly journals Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Female Athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir-Hossein Memari ◽  
Ramin Kordi ◽  
Nekoo Panahi ◽  
Laya R. Nikookar ◽  
Mohammad Abdollahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Ramadan Fasting

Effectiveness of a Multidisciplinary Lifestyle Intervention to Reduce Obesity among Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Md Rizwanul Ahsan ◽  
Sabrina Makbul ◽  
Probir Kumar Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Family Based

Background: Now a days unhealthy lifestyle primarily responsible for the dramatic increase obesity among children and adolescents. Objective: The purpose of the study is to see the effects of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention to reduce obese children and adolescents. The main outcome was cardiometabolic risk based on the waist-to-height ratio (WHTR) measurement. Secondary outcomes were (1) changes in body composition; (2) adherence to a Mediterranean diet; and (3) physical performance. Methods: The study involved 64 overweight/obese children or adolescents conducted at Dhaka Shishu Hospital from October 2017 to September 2018. The intervention was multidisciplinary including nutrition, exercise, and psychological aspects based on a family-based approach; it was delivered for six months for children and three months for adolescents. Before and after the intervention, several anthropometric measures height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body composition, cardiometabolic risk index waist-to-height ratio (WHTR), and dietary habits of the participants and their families were evaluated. In addition, a set of functional motor fitness tests was performed to evaluate physical performance measures. Results: After the intervention both children and adolescents showed a significant reduction in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and WHTR index and an improvement of fat-free mass, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and physical fitness performance. Conclusion: A short term family-based multidisciplinary approach is effective in ameliorating the health status, dietary habits, and physical performance in children and adolescents. DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 111-118

scholarly journals Effects of 4 Weeks of a Technique-Specific Protocol with High-Intensity Intervals on General and Specific Physical Fitness in Taekwondo Athletes: An Inter-Individual Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3643
Author(s):  
Alex Ojeda-Aravena ◽  
Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela ◽  
Pablo Valdés-Badilla ◽  
Jorge Cancino-López ◽  
José Zapata-Bastias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Specific Protocol

The aim of this research was to compare the effects of a technique-specific high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol vs. traditional taekwondo training on physical fitness and body composition in taekwondo athletes, as well as to analyse the inter-individual response. Utilising a parallel controlled design, sixteen male and female athletes (five females and 11 males) were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG) that participated in the technique-specific HIIT and a control group (CG) that participated in traditional taekwondo training. Both groups trained three days/week for four weeks. Squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), 5-metre sprint (5M), 20-metre shuttle run (20MSR), taekwondo specific agility test (TSAT), multiple frequency speed of kick test (FSKTMULT), total kicks, and kick decrement index (KDI), as well as body composition were evaluated. Results indicate that there are no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the factors group and time factor and group by time interaction (p > 0.05). Although percentage and effect size increases were documented for post-intervention fitness components in TSAT, total kicks, KDI, and 20MSR, responders and non-responders were also documented. In conclusion, a HIIT protocol based on taekwondo-specific technical movements does not report significant differences in fitness and body composition compared to traditional taekwondo training, nor inter-individual differences between athletes.

Vitamin D in Basketball Players: Current Evidence and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110193
Author(s):  
Emilija Stojanović ◽  
Dragan Radovanović ◽  
Tamara Hew-Butler ◽  
Dušan Hamar ◽  
Vladimir Jakovljević
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Level Of Evidence

Context: Despite growing interest in quantifying and correcting vitamin D inadequacy in basketball players, a critical synthesis of these data is yet to be performed to overcome the low generalizability of findings from individual studies. Objective: To provide a comprehensive analysis of data in basketball pertaining to (1) the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy; (2) the effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration (and its association with body composition), bone health, and performance; and (3) crucial aspects that warrant further investigation. Data Sources: PubMed, MEDLINE, ERIC, Google Scholar, SCIndex, and ScienceDirect databases were searched. Study Selection: After screening, 15 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Data Extraction: The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy, serum 25(OH)D, body composition, stress fractures, and physical performance were extracted. Results: The pooled prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy for 527 basketball players in 14 studies was 77% ( P < 0.001; 95% CI, 0.70-0.84). Supplementation with 4000 IU/d and 4000 IU/wk (absolute mean difference [AMD]: 25.39 nmol/L; P < 0.001; 95% CI, 13.44-37.33), as well as 10,000 IU/d (AMD: 100.01; P < 0.001; 95% CI, 70.39-129.63) vitamin D restored 25(OH)D to normal concentrations. Body composition data revealed inverse correlations between changes in serum 25(OH)D (from pre- to postsupplementation) and body fat ( r = −0.80; very large). Data concerning positive impacts of vitamin D supplementation on bone health and physical performance remain sparse. Conclusion: The high proportion of vitamin D inadequacy underscores the need to screen for serum 25(OH)D in basketball players. Although supplementation restored vitamin D sufficiency, the beneficial effects on bone health and physical performance remain sparse. Adiposity can modulate 25(OH)D response to supplementation.

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