scholarly journals ELASTIC COMPONENT OF 24 -HOUR OF PULSE PRESSURES PREDICTS CARDIOVASCULAR AND TOTAL MORTALITY IN THE OHASAMA STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e10-e11
Author(s):  
M. Bursztyn ◽  
M. Kikuya ◽  
K. Asayama ◽  
M. Satoh ◽  
B. Gavish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Mortality ◽  
Elastic Component

Combination of SGLT-2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Potential Benefits in Surrogate and Hard Endpoints

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 1879-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Doumas ◽  
Κonstantinos Imprialos ◽  
Konstantinos Stavropoulos ◽  
Andromachi Reklou ◽  
Alexandros Sachinidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Glycemic Targets ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background: The treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex; only a few patients successfully attain glycemic targets with monotherapy, most requiring drug combination therapy. Methods: The goal of this review was to identify in PubMed the complimentary ways of action leading to clinical benefit (in lowering HbA1c, body weight, renal, and cardiac risk factors and events) of the combination of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA). Results: SGLT2i, an emerging class of antidiabetic agents with an insulin-independent mechanism of action, are suitable for use in combination with any other class of antidiabetics, including insulin. The use of SGLT2i causes a reduction in Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) morbidity (mainly heart failure-HF) as well as total and CVD mortality. Besides insulin, SGLT2i may also be combined with incretin-based therapies, such as GLP-1 RA. The latter appears to reduce the rate or the progression of both macrovascular (mainly myocardial infarction-MI and stroke) and microvascular complications of DM, having a beneficial effect on all-cause mortality and CVD mortality, as well as CVD events. SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA may have a synergic effect on glucose reduction, weight reduction, renal impairment (both an independent lethal disease and a CVD risk factor) improvement, and cardiac event reduction, because the first reduces HF and related events and the second decreases CVD risk (mainly MI and stroke). Both also reduce total mortality, especially when combined with a statin. Conclusion: The combination of metformin with SGLT2i, GLP-1 RA, and a potent statin, in high CVD risk patients with DM, is expected to substantially reduce CVD mortality and morbidity, improving the quality of life of patients with DM at the same time. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.

Influence of the Implantable Cardioverter/Defibrillator on Sudden Death and Total Mortality in Patients Evaluated for Cardiac Transplantation

Circulation ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 3273-3281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O. Sweeney ◽  
Jeremy N. Ruskin ◽  
Hasan Garan ◽  
Brian A. McGovern ◽  
Mary L. Guy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Cardiac Transplantation ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator

scholarly journals A random effects population dynamics model based on proportions-at-age and removal data for estimating total mortality

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1881-1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena M. Trenkel ◽  
Mark V. Bravington ◽  
Pascal Lorance
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Estimation Bias ◽  
Effective Sample Size ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Population Dynamics Model ◽  
Study Parameter

Catch curves are widely used to estimate total mortality for exploited marine populations. The usual population dynamics model assumes constant recruitment across years and constant total mortality. We extend this to include annual recruitment and annual total mortality. Recruitment is treated as an uncorrelated random effect, while total mortality is modelled by a random walk. Data requirements are minimal as only proportions-at-age and total catches are needed. We obtain the effective sample size for aggregated proportion-at-age data based on fitting Dirichlet-multinomial distributions to the raw sampling data. Parameter estimation is carried out by approximate likelihood. We use simulations to study parameter estimability and estimation bias of four model versions, including models treating mortality as fixed effects and misspecified models. All model versions were, in general, estimable, though for certain parameter values or replicate runs they were not. Relative estimation bias of final year total mortalities and depletion rates were lower for the proposed random effects model compared with the fixed effects version for total mortality. The model is demonstrated for the case of blue ling (Molva dypterygia) to the west of the British Isles for the period 1988 to 2011.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular diseases burden in Italy, 1990–2017: the Global Burden of Disease Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Fornari ◽  
P A Cortesi ◽  
F Madotto ◽  
S Conti ◽  
G Crotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
National Health ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Life Years

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are still the leading cause of mortality, morbidity and disability in Europe. Consequently, an exhaustive estimation of CVDs burden and cardiovascular risk factors impact is crucial for healthcare planning and resource allocation. In Italy, data on CVDs burden are sparse. This study aims to assess the global Italian CVDs burden and to analyze time changes from 1990 to 2017 within the country and in comparison to other European states. Methods We used data from the 2017 Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) study to estimate CVDs prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in Italy from 1990 to 2017. We also analyzed burden attributable to CVDs-related risk factors. Finally, Italian estimations were compared to those of the other 28 European Union countries. Results CVDs were still the first cause of death (34.8% of total mortality) in Italy in 2017. A significant decrease in CVDs burden was observed since 1990: age-standardized prevalence (-12.7%), mortality rate (-53.75%), and DALYs rate (-55.54%) all decreased. Similar patterns were observed also in the majority of European countries. Despite these trends, all-ages CVDs prevalent cases increased from 5.75 million to 7.49 million. More than 80% of CVDs burden could be attributed to known modifiable risk factors such as high systolic blood pressure, dietary risks, high LDL cholesterol, and impaired kidney function. Conclusions Data showed a decline in cardiovascular mortality and DALYs, which reflects the success in terms of reducing disability, premature death and early incidence of CVDs. However, the burden of CVDs is still high, as population aging and the increased prevalent cases require more access to care and generate more years lived with disability, which in turn leads to higher costs for the National Health Service and society. More efficient prevention strategies at community and individual level are needed. Key messages Despite decreasing trends in CVDs mortality and DALYs, the burden of CVDs is still high in Italy. A joined approach of the National Health System stakeholders is needed to keep reducing the CVDs burden.

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