Persistently elevated heart rate accelerates the progression of arterial stiffness

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Palatini ◽  
Gianfranco Parati
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3266
Author(s):  
Laura Willinger ◽  
Leon Brudy ◽  
Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz ◽  
Peter Ewert ◽  
Jan Müller

Background: The association between physical activity (PA) and arterial stiffness is particularly important in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) who are at risk for arterial stiffening. The aim of this study was to examine the association between objectively measured PA and arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with CHD. Methods: In 387 children and adolescents with various CHD (12.2 ± 3.3 years; 162 girls) moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was assessed with the “Garmin vivofit jr.” for 7 consecutive days. Arterial stiffness parameters including pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) were non-invasively assessed by oscillometric measurement via Mobil-O-Graph®. Results: MVPA was not associated with PWV (ß = −0.025, p = 0.446) and cSBP (ß = −0.020, p = 0.552) in children with CHD after adjusting for age, sex, BMI z-score, peripheral systolic blood pressure, heart rate and hypertensive agents. Children with CHD were remarkably active with 80% of the study population reaching the WHO recommendation of average 60 min of MVPA per day. Arterial stiffness did not differ between low-active and high-active CHD group after adjusting for age, sex, BMI z-score, peripheral systolic blood pressure, heart rate and hypertensive agents (PWV: F = 0.530, p = 0.467; cSBP: F = 0.843, p = 0.359). Conclusion: In this active cohort, no association between PA and arterial stiffness was found. Longer exposure to the respective risk factors of physical inactivity might be necessary to determine an impact of PA on the vascular system.


2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Anthony Rannelli ◽  
Jennifer M. MacRae ◽  
Michelle C. Mann ◽  
Sharanya Ramesh ◽  
Brenda R. Hemmelgarn ◽  
...  

Diabetes confers greater cardiovascular risk to women than to men. Whether insulin-resistance-mediated risk extends to the healthy population is unknown. Measures of insulin resistance (fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment, hemoglobin A1c, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, glucose) were determined in 48 (56% female) healthy subjects. Heart rate variability (HRV) was calculated by spectral power analysis and arterial stiffness was determined using noninvasive applanation tonometry. Both were measured at baseline and in response to angiotensin II infusion. In women, there was a non-statistically significant trend towards increasing insulin resistance being associated with an overall unfavourable HRV response and increased arterial stiffness to the stressor, while men demonstrated the opposite response. Significant differences in the associations between insulin resistance and cardiovascular physiological profile exist between healthy women and men. Further studies investigating the sex differences in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in cardiovascular disease are warranted.


2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 813-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Palatini ◽  
Enrico Agabiti Rosei ◽  
Edoardo Casiglia ◽  
John Chalmers ◽  
Roberto Ferrari ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Yurij Stepanov ◽  
Natalia Zavhorodnia ◽  
Olha Lukianenko ◽  
Irina Konenko ◽  
Victoria Yahmur ◽  
...  

Introduction. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease development. The increase of local arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness are the earliest structural and functional changes that can be used for instrumental evaluation. Aim. To study the elasticity of the carotid arteries wall in NAFLD patients, to investigate the association of arterial stiffness parameters with the metabolic profile and anthropometric data. Materials and methods. 113 patients aged 8 to 17 years were examined. Diagnosis of hepatic steatosis was conducted using FibroScan®502touch (Echosens, Paris, France). Ultrasonic examination of vessels was carried out by Soneus P7 (Kharkiv, Ukraine), linear sensor of 5–12 MHz in duplex mode. In the W-track mode, the minimum carotid diameter per heart rate (D), the carotid diameter deviation per heart rate (delta D), the carotid arterial strain (CAS), the cross-sectional compliance coefficient (CC), elastic modulus (EM), stiffness index (SI), carotid pulse wave velocity (PWV) with one-point method were measured. The carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) was examined at the standard point at maximum zooming. Insulin levels were studied using the immune enzyme method with the calculation of the HOMA-IR. Lipid blood profile was evaluated using biochemical analysis. Anthropometric data with waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) measurement, body mass index (BMI) calculation were obtained. Patients group distribution was performed according to the presence of obesity / overweight, liver steatosis / steatohepatitis: group 1 consisted of 34 children with simple steatosis and overweight / obesity, group 2–22 children with steatohepatitis and overweight / obesity, group 3–43 children with overweight / obesity without steatosis, group 4 (control) –14 children with normal weight. Results. There was an increase in the pulse wave velocity (PWV), as well as the elastic modulus (EM) in children with Результати та обговорення. У дітей з НАЖХП спостерігалось зростання швидкості розповсюдження пульсової хвилі (PWV), а також модуля еластичності (ЕМ) із суттєвими відмінностями цих показників у хворих з простим стеатозом. Діти з НАЖХП вирізнялись від контрольної групи достовірним збільшенням індексу жорсткості (SI) судинної стінки. Пацієнти зі стеатогепатитом мали найбільші значення товщини КІМ (0,051 ± 0,001) мм, що суттєво виокремлювало цих хворих від контрольної групи та дітей з надмірною вагою без стеатозу. Аналіз асоціації показника КІМ з антропометричними та метаболічними параметрами в групі хворих зі стеатогепатитом виявив прямий кореляційний зв’язок КІМ з ІМТ (r = 0,577, р = 0,0013), обводом талії (r = 0,604, р = 0,0007), рівнем інсуліну (r = 0,635, р = 0,0003) та НОМА-IR (r = 0,395, р = 0,0253). У мультиваріантному регресійному аналізі показано, що рівень інсуліну (β = 0,00014, р = 0,00767) та обвід талії (β = 0,00024, р = 0,01623) є значущими предикторами змін показника КІМ. Висновки. Перебіг НАЖХП у дітей супроводжується формуванням несприятливого метаболічного профілю, асоційованого зі зростанням локальної артеріальної жорсткості й товщини КІМ. Потужними предикторами збільшення товщини КІМ є вісцеральне ожиріння та гіперінсулінемія. Ключові слова: артеріальна жорсткість, товщина комплексу інтима-медіа, неалкогольна жирова хвороба печінки, діти. Для цитування: Степанов ЮМ, Завгородня НЮ, Лук’яненко ОЮ, Коненко ІС, Ягмур ВБ, Кленіна ІА, Татарчук ОМ, Петішко ОП. Неінвазивна оцінка судинної жорсткості при неалкогольній жировій хворобі печінки у дітей. Журнал Національної академії медичних наук України. 2019;25(4):431–38.


2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Tan ◽  
Hosen Kiat ◽  
Edward Barin ◽  
Mark Butlin ◽  
Alberto P. Avolio

Studies investigating the relationship between heart rate (HR) and arterial stiffness or wave reflections have commonly induced HR changes through in situ cardiac pacing. Although pacing produces consistent HR changes, hemodynamics can be different with different pacing modalities. Whether the differences affect the HR relationship with arterial stiffness or wave reflections is unknown. In the present study, 48 subjects [mean age, 78 ± 10 (SD), 9 women] with in situ cardiac pacemakers were paced at 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 beats per min under atrial, atrioventricular, or ventricular pacing. At each paced HR, brachial cuff-based pulse wave analysis was used to determine central hemodynamic parameters, including ejection duration (ED) and augmentation index (AIx). Wave separation analysis was used to determine wave reflection magnitude (RM) and reflection index (RI). Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Pacing modality was found to have significant effects on the HR relationship with ED ( P = 0.01), central aortic pulse pressure ( P = 0.01), augmentation pressure ( P < 0.0001), and magnitudes of both forward and reflected waves ( P = 0.05 and P = 0.003, respectively), but not cfPWV ( P = 0.57) or AIx ( P = 0.38). However, at a fixed HR, significant differences in pulse pressure amplification ( P < 0.001), AIx ( P < 0.0001), RM ( P = 0.03), and RI ( P = 0.03) were observed with different pacing modalities. These results demonstrate that although the HR relationships with arterial stiffness and systolic loading as measured by cfPWV and AIx were unaffected by pacing modality, it should still be taken into account for studies in which mixed pacing modalities are present, in particular, for wave reflection studies.


2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1295-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Yuan Chu ◽  
Tsung-Hsien Lin ◽  
Po-Chao Hsu ◽  
Wen-Hsien Lee ◽  
Hung-Hao Lee ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 131 (12) ◽  
pp. 1473-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip H. Lam ◽  
Neha Gupta ◽  
Daniel J. Dooley ◽  
Steven Singh ◽  
Prakash Deedwania ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Martyna Waliczek ◽  
Piotr Rozentryt

Higher resting heart rate was shown to correlate with worse prognosis both in general population and in various disease groups. Scientific societies dealing with patients with hypertension propose assessment of resting heart rate as a standard risk factor. In patients with uncomplicated hypertension and elevated resting heart rate they propose use of cardioselective β1-adrenolytics. This decision should be preceded by careful examination of potential modified reasons. In the paper we express several concerns regarding standard provision of heart rate lowering drugs in particular clinical situations. The algorithm showing proposed steps in assessment of elevated heart rate is provided.


Author(s):  
Lindsey Aurora ◽  
Paul Nona ◽  
Karthikeyan Ananthasubramaniam

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