Outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation with versus without a follow-up intervention rendered by telephone (Luebeck follow-up trial): overall and gender-specific effects

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskar Mittag ◽  
Claudia China ◽  
Eike Hoberg ◽  
Eija Juers ◽  
Klaus-Dieter Kolenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

scholarly journals Increasing Incidence in Relapsing-Remitting MS and High Rates among Young Women in Finland: A Thirty-Year Follow-Up

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja-Liisa Sumelahti ◽  
Markus H. A. Holmberg ◽  
Annukka Murtonen ◽  
Heini Huhtala ◽  
Irina Elovaara
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Gender Specific

Object. Gender and disease course specific incidences were studied in high- and medium-risk regions of MS in Finland.Methods. Age- and gender-specific incidences with 95% CIs were calculated in 10-year periods from 1981 to 2010. Poser diagnostic criteria were used and compared with the McDonald criteria from 2001 to 2010. Association between age and diagnostic delay over time was assessed by using the Kruskal-Wallis test.Results. 1419 (89%) RRMS and 198 (11%) PPMS cases were included. RRMS incidence increased with the female to male ratio (F/M) from 4,2/105(F/M 1.9) to 9,7 (2.3), while that of PPMS decreased from 1,2 (1.6) to 0,7 (1.2). The use of McDonald criteria did not change the conclusion. The decreasing diagnostic delay and age at diagnosis in RRMS were associated within the 10-year periods and contrasted those in PPMS. Increasing female risk in RRMS was observed in the high-risk region.Conclusion. Increasing RRMS incidence and high female ratios shown in each age group indicate gender-specific influences acting already from childhood. A more precise definition of the risk factors and their action in MS is needed to provide a better understanding of underlying pathological processes and a rationale for the development of new preventive and treatment strategies.

The catecholamine response to spaceflight: role of diet and gender

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (3) ◽  
pp. E500-E506 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Stein ◽  
C. E. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Catecholamine Excretion ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Catecholamine Response ◽  
Fluid Shifts ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Do So

Compared with men, women appear to have a decreased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) response to stress. The two manifestations where the sexual dimorphism has been the most pronounced involve the response of the SNS to fluid shifts and fuel metabolism during exercise. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether a similar sexual dimorphism was found in the response to spaceflight. To do so, we compared catecholamine excretion by male and female astronauts from two similar shuttle missions, Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS1, 1991) and 2 (SLS2, 1993) for evidence of sexual dimorphism. To evaluate the variability of the catecholamine response in men, we compared catecholamine excretion from the two SLS missions against the 1996 Life and Microgravity Sciences Mission (LMS) and the 1973 Skylab missions. Results: No gender- or mission-dependent changes were found with epinephrine. Separating out the SLS1/2 data by gender shows that norepinephrine excretion was essentially unchanged with spaceflight in women (98 ± 10%; n = 3) and substantially decreased with the men (41 ± 9%; n= 4, P < 0.05). Data are a percentage of mean preflight value ± SE. Comparisons among males demonstrated significant mission effects on norepinephrine excretion. After flight, there was a transient increase in norepinephrine but no evidence of any gender-specific effects. We conclude that norepinephrine excretion during spaceflight is both mission and gender dependent. Men show the greater response, with at least three factors being involved, a response to microgravity, energy balance, and the ratio of carbohydrate to fat in the diet.

scholarly journals The risk of cancer among Lithuanian medical radiation workers in 1978–2004

Medicina ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Vitalija Samerdokienė ◽  
Vydmantas Atkočius ◽  
Konstantinas Valuckas
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Medical Radiation ◽  
Radiation Workers ◽  
Indirect Standardization ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Gender Specific

Objectives. To describe the cohort of Lithuanian medical radiation workers and to estimate the risk of cancer during 1978–2004. Methods. Analysis of cancer risk evaluation was done using the retrospective cohort method, an indirect standardization. The observed numbers of cancer cases were obtained from the National Cancer Registry. The expected numbers were based on the age- and gender-specific incidence rates for the general Lithuanian population in 5-year periods. The standardized incidence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (assuming that the incidence of cancer follows the Poisson distribution) were calculated. Results. During the follow-up of 1978–2004, 159 cases of cancer were observed. There was no increased overall cancer risk in men (SIR=0.92, 95% CI=0.62–1.33, based on 29 cases) and women (SIR=0.97, 95% CI=0.81–1.15, based on 130 cases). The risk of leukemia among men and women was insignificantly increased. Conclusions. During the follow-up period, the overall cancer risk among medical radiation workers was the same as in the general population of Lithuania

Examining Gender-Specific and Gender-Neutral Risk Factors in Women Who Sexually Offend

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan A. Marshall ◽  
Holly A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Sexually Offended ◽  
Victimization History ◽  
Gender Specific

Research on justice-involved women has provided evidence for the importance of using gender-specific information in the assessment, treatment, and understanding of criminal pathways and risk of recidivism in women who have committed offenses. Although research on women who have sexually offended suggests there are differences between men and women who sexually offend, no studies have compared gender-specific and gender-neutral factors to predict recidivism with this group. The current study provided an examination of gender-specific and gender-neutral recidivism risk factors in a sample of 225 women who had sexually offended and were subsequently released from custody with an average follow-up time of about 5 years. Results of the study indicate gender-specific factors, such as mental illness symptoms and victimization history, are demonstrative of risk of reoffense in women who sexually offend. These findings provide implications for future research regarding risk assessment and more effective application of treatment for this understudied population.

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