The Volume Difference Along the External Surface of the Zygomatic Bone

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Samin Rahbin ◽  
Tina Toufani ◽  
Anna-Maria Al-Khabbaz ◽  
Julius Lindblom ◽  
Ola Sunnergren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Surface ◽  
Zygomatic Bone ◽  
Volume Difference

Scanning and Transmission Microscopy of Nematocyst Batteries in Epitheliomuscular Cells of Hydra

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 410-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A. Westfall ◽  
S. Yamataka ◽  
Paul D. Enos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides three dimensional details of external surface structures and supplements ultrastructural information provided by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Animals composed of watery jellylike tissues such as hydras and other coelenterates have not been considered suitable for SEM studies because of the difficulty in preserving such organisms in a normal state. This study demonstrates 1) the successful use of SEM on such tissue, and 2) the unique arrangement of batteries of nematocysts within large epitheliomuscular cells on tentacles of Hydra littoralis.Whole specimens of Hydra were prepared for SEM (Figs. 1 and 2) by the fix, freeze-dry, coat technique of Small and Màrszalek. The specimens were fixed in osmium tetroxide and mercuric chloride, freeze-dried in vacuo on a prechilled 1 Kg brass block, and coated with gold-palladium. Tissues for TEM (Figs. 3 and 4) were fixed in glutaraldehyde followed by osmium tetroxide. Scanning micrographs were taken on a Cambridge Stereoscan Mark II A microscope at 10 KV and transmission micrographs were taken on an RCA EMU 3G microscope (Fig. 3) or on a Hitachi HU 11B microscope (Fig. 4).

High-resolution gold labeling

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 330-331
Author(s):  
James F. Hainfeld ◽  
Frederic R. Furuya ◽  
Kyra Carbone ◽  
Martha Simon ◽  
Beth Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dihydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Polypeptide Chain ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Gold Cluster ◽  
Macromolecular Complex ◽  
Gold Compound ◽  
Central Cavity ◽  
Chain Folding ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chaperonin Groel

A recently developed 1.4 nm gold cluster has been found to be useful in labeling macromolecular sites to 1-3 nm resolution. The gold compound is organically derivatized to contain a monofunctional arm for covalent linking to biomolecules. This may be used to mark a specific site on a structure, or to first label a component and then reassemble a multicomponent macromolecular complex. Two examples are given here: the chaperonin groEL and ribosomes.Chaperonins are essential oligomeric complexes that mediate nascent polypeptide chain folding to produce active proteins. The E. coli chaperonin, groEL, has two stacked rings with a central hole ∽6 nm in diameter. The protein dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is a small protein that has been used in chain folding experiments, and serves as a model substrate for groEL. By labeling the DHFR with gold, its position with respect to the groEL complex can be followed. In particular, it was sought to determine if DHFR refolds on the external surface of the groEL complex, or whether it interacts in the central cavity.

Aesthetic approaches in complex fractures of the zygomatic bone

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro H. da Hora Sales ◽  
Raquel B. Vasconcelos ◽  
Raíssa F. Papaléo ◽  
Leonardo de Freitas Silva ◽  
Daniel F. da Silveira Santos
Keyword(s):  
Zygomatic Bone ◽  
Complex Fractures

Kerusakan Pada Material Pipa Air Bersih Akibat General Corrosion

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Setia Nusa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Failure Analysis ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Water Pipe ◽  
Corrosion Attack ◽  
Corrosion Failure ◽  
Environment Factor

Water pipe of 4.5” diameter and has been operated for 8 year having failure due to corrosion attack on its external and internal surface. It is conducted failure analysis to find out the cause of corrosion by having testing examination of visual fractography, metalography,, SEM EDAX, hardness and chemical composition. Testing and examination results show that the failure / corroded pipe has a for in of general corrosion on the external surface due to environment factor or ground factor arround the pipe and on the internal surface was influenced by excessive root weld creating protrude which then causing turbolens and deposite to accelerate corrosion attack.Pipa berdiameter 4.5” yang berfungsi mengalirkan air bersih dan telah beroperasi selama 8 tahun, terjadi kerusakan berbentuk korosi pada permukaan luar pipa dan permukaan dalam. Untuk itu dilakukan analisa kerusakan untuk mengetahui penyebab terjadinya korosi dengan pengujian dan pemeriksaan secara visual,Fractography, Metallography, SEM, EDAX, Uji Kekerasan dan Uji Komposisi Kimia. Hasil pemeriksaan dan pengujian pada pipa yang rusak / korosi berbentuk jenis general korosi pada permukaan luar pipa yang diakibatkan faktor lingkungan atau tanah disekitar pipa, sedangkan pada bagian dalam pipa dipengaruhi oleh adanya lelehan pengelasan yang kurang sempurna sehingga menimbulkan benjolan yang mengakibatkan aliran air didalam pipa tidak lancar sehingga terjadi turbolensi yang menimbulkan endapan dan mengakibatkan percepatan terjadinya korosi.Keywords: Pipe, environtment, turbolens, corrosion, failure

TECHNOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE CONTACT PRESSURE ON THE CYLINDRICAL SUBSTRATE FROM THE SIDE OF THE COATING ADDITIVELY FORMED ON ITS EXTERNAL SURFACE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Parshin
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Layer Formation ◽  
Technological Control ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Arbitrary Thickness

The article gives an example of controlling the stress state parameters of additively manufactured products. The study was carried out on the basis of a developed non-classical mechanical model of the process of layer-by-layer formation of a coating of arbitrary thickness on a cylindrical substrate. The model is based on modern concepts of the mechanics of continuously growing bodies and allows one to obtain fairly simple analytical dependencies. On the basis of the latter, the problem of technological control of the evolution of contact pressure at the substrate – coating interface is solved in the article. A number of practically significant conclusions have been made.

scholarly journals Experimental Determination of the Heat Transfer Coefficient of Real Cooled Geometry Using Linear Regression Method

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Asif Ali ◽  
Lorenzo Cocchi ◽  
Alessio Picchi ◽  
Bruno Facchini
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Thermal Transient

The scope of this work was to develop a technique based on the regression method and apply it on a real cooled geometry for measuring its internal heat transfer distribution. The proposed methodology is based upon an already available literature approach. For implementation of the methodology, the geometry is initially heated to a known steady temperature, followed by thermal transient, induced by injection of ambient air to its internal cooling system. During the thermal transient, external surface temperature of the geometry is recorded with the help of infrared camera. Then, a numerical procedure based upon a series of transient finite element analyses of the geometry is applied by using the obtained experimental data. The total test duration is divided into time steps, during which the heat flux on the internal surface is iteratively updated to target the measured external surface temperature. The final procured heat flux and internal surface temperature data of each time step is used to find the convective heat transfer coefficient via linear regression. This methodology is successfully implemented on three geometries: a circular duct, a blade with U-bend internal channel, and a cooled high pressure vane of real engine, with the help of a test rig developed at the University of Florence, Italy. The results are compared with the ones retrieved with similar approach available in the open literature, and the pros and cons of both methodologies are discussed in detail for each geometry.

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