scholarly journals Drought-induced forest decline: causes, scope and implications

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Martínez-Vilalta ◽  
Francisco Lloret ◽  
David D. Breshears
Keyword(s):  
Forest Decline ◽  
Plant Hydraulics ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Subsequent Discussion ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Level Monitoring

A large number of episodes of forest mortality associated with drought and heat stress have been detected worldwide in recent decades, suggesting that some of the world's forested ecosystems may be already responding to climate change. Here, we summarize a special session titled ‘Drought-induced forest decline: causes, scope and implications’ within the 12th European Ecological Federation Congress, held in Ávila (Spain) from 25 to 29 September 2011. The session focused on the interacting causes and impacts of die-off episodes at the community and ecosystem levels, and highlighted recent events of drought- and heat-related tree decline, advances in understanding mechanisms and in predicting mortality events, and diverse consequences of forest decline. Talks and subsequent discussion noted a potentially important role of carbon that may be interrelated with plant hydraulics in the multi-faceted process leading to drought-induced mortality; a substantial and yet understudied capacity of many forests to cope with extreme climatic events; and the difficulty of separating climate effects from other anthropogenic changes currently shaping forest dynamics in many regions of the Earth. The need for standard protocols and multi-level monitoring programmes to track the spatio-temporal scope of forest decline globally was emphasized as critical for addressing this emerging environmental issue.

scholarly journals A SURFACE ALBEDO PRODUCT AT HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION FROM A COMBINATION OF SENTINEL-2 AND LANDSAT-8 DATA: THE ROLE OF SURFACE RADIATIVE FORCING FROM AGRICULTURE AREAS AS A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO AN ABATEMENT OF CARBON EMISSION

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W6 ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
J.-L. Roujean ◽  
A. Olioso ◽  
E. Ceschia ◽  
O. Hagolle ◽  
M. Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Surface Albedo ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Coverage ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Sentinel 2A ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Sentinel 2

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Satellite Sentinel-2 offers a global coverage of the Earth surface at the frequency of a few days with pixel size ranging from 10 to 60 meters. Such spatio-temporal resolution fosters an advanced research in agricultural area notably. The role of the surface albedo as a mean to reduce the surface radiative forcing in link to agriculture practice is a real concern. A high resolution (HR) surface albedo is now generated routinely from the observations of satellites Sentinel-2A &amp;amp; -2B for the time being plus Landsat in the near future. The methodology inherited from the Global Land Service of Copernicus is presented with some preliminary results.</p>

Khrystyyansʹki sakralʹni symvoly u prostorovo-chasovomu kontynuumi poetychnoho movlennya ukrayinsʹkoho pysʹmennyka Yuriya Andrukhovycha

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Veronika Horodets’ka
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
River Nile ◽  
World Culture ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Life Philosophy

This article explores the linguistic worldview of a Ukrainian poet – postmodernist Yuriy Andrukhovytch – realized through the concept of “Christian sacred symbols” analyzed from the perspective of anthropological and cognitive aspects of lingual and cultural studies. It defines the essence and the ways of implementing the concept in the spatio-temporal continuum of poetry collection “India” as well as highlights the role of man in the poet’s imaginary world through the archetypes of the world culture and decodes symbolic meaning of cultural context of the author’s works. Contrary to a generally accepted view that the earth is round, spatial reality for the author turns out to be a planet which resembles a cake, a fl at surface, a desert, a kingdom and a bridge. The sky is seven crystal hemispheres, out lining the heavenly space with stars and planets fixed at each level. The space is represented by such geographical notions as East Asia, India, China, the river Nile. The author of the article supposes that India becomes for the writer the embodiment of our civilization at all times of mankind, another way to present man in the space of eternity, and a kind of life philosophy. The synthesis of pagan, Jewish, Hindu, Muslim and Christian ideas about man’s place in the world and his moral peace, happiness and overall love is represented by such symbols as angels, harpes, gehennr hell hrifony, dragons, percale books, lilies, honey, pythons, fl ags, birds, reptiles, saints, timpani, newts, tulips, furies, devils, Yuri’s sword, Yasmin and others.

scholarly journals MULTILEVEL BALLISTIC STRUCTURE OF THE CLUSTER ORBITAL GROUPING OF REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
N.F. Averkiev ◽  
◽  
A.V. Kulvits ◽  
T.A. Zhitnikov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
System A ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The features of the application and justification of the orbital groupings of remote sensing of the Earth, consisting of clusters of small spacecraft, are considered. A review and analysis of the ballistic justification, construction and features of the use of orbital groups of remote sensing of the Earth is carried out. Modern approaches to the ballistic design of periodic review orbital groupings are considered. The article considers a new integrated approach to the ballistic construction of promising cluster orbital groupings, which will allow providing the spatio-temporal and accuracy characteristics required by the consumer, due to the optimal multi-level ballistic structure. The fundamental principles of constructing a cluster orbital grouping with a multi-level ballistic structure are formulated. The stages of the formation of a multi-level ballistic structure are considered in detail, from the standpoint of a systematic approach. A mathematical formulation of the problem and a hierarchy of performance indicators are proposed. For a meaningful description of the simulated system, a conceptual model for substantiating multi-level ballistic structures of a cluster orbital grouping of remote sensing of the Earth under the influence of the external environment has been developed. The model shows the interrelationships of the main elements of the substantiation of the ballistic structure of the cluster orbital grouping of remote sensing of the Earth and the sequence of formation of particular problems. The results of modeling both the ballistic structure of the cluster and the ballistic structure of the Earth remote sensing orbital grouping, which provides a set of tactical and technical, spatio-temporal and structurally stable consumer requirements, are presented. The effect of the application of the developed conceptual model will be the optimal strategy for the use of cluster orbital groupings of remote sensing of the Earth, which will provide the required value of its effectiveness under the influence of the external environment.

Beyond the Social Determinants of Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Laura Hall ◽  
Urpi Pine ◽  
Tanya Shute
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
People First

Abstract This paper will reflect on key findings from a Summer 2017 initiative entitled The Role of Culture and Land-Based Healing in Addressing and Ending Violence against Indigenous Women and Two-Spirited People. The Indigenist and decolonizing methodological approach of this work ensured that all research was grounded in experiential and reciprocal ways of learning. Two major findings guide the next phase of this research, complicating the premise that traditional economic activities are healing for Indigenous women and Two-Spirit people. First, the complexities of the mainstream labour force were raised numerous times. Traditional economies are pressured in ongoing ways through exploitative labour practices. Secondly, participants emphasized the importance of attending to the responsibility of nurturing, enriching, and sustaining the wellbeing of soil, water, and original seeds in the process of creating renewal gardens as a healing endeavour. In other words, we have an active role to play in healing the environment and not merely using the environment to heal ourselves. Gardening as research and embodied knowledge was stressed by extreme weather changes including hail in June, 2018, which meant that participants spent as much time talking about the healing of the earth and her systems as the healing of Indigenous women in a context of ongoing colonialism.

“Eternal Bodies”: images of archangels in the upper parts of Nubian buildings

2020 ◽  
pp. 713-736
Author(s):  
Magdalena Łaptaś
Keyword(s):  
Near East ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Christian Art ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Cosmic Space

Images of archangels and angels, which were painted on the walls, in the upper parts of the buildings and, on their structural elements, were very popular in Christian Nubian painting as attested by the discoveries from Church SWN.BV on the citadel in Old Dongola. These images, which derive from pre-Christian art, depict the eternal nature of the archangels and angels. Presenting this group of representations, the author traces the origins of these images to highlight the role of these spiritual beings as intermediaries between God and humankind. As such, they move freely between the Heavens and the Earth, so the air and cosmic space are their natural surroundings. Moreover, archangels govern the forces of nature, the planets, and the seven skies. Therefore, their sanctuaries were located on hill summits, in the upper chapels, on structural elements of ecclesiastical buildings, etc. The Nubian tradition is therefore part of a broader Mediterranean tradition, the roots of which should be sought in the Near East.

The Role of the Earth Sciences in Fostering Global Equity & Stability

GSA Today ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
W.G. Ernst ◽  
G. Heiken ◽  
Susan M. Landon ◽  
P. Patrick Leahy ◽  
Eldridge Moores
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
The Earth

scholarly journals The Role of Spatio-Temporal Information to Govern the COVID-19 Pandemic: A European Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Hartmut Müller ◽  
Marije Louwsma
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
National Level ◽  
Temporal Information ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The Covid-19 pandemic put a heavy burden on member states in the European Union. To govern the pandemic, having access to reliable geo-information is key for monitoring the spatial distribution of the outbreak over time. This study aims to analyze the role of spatio-temporal information in governing the pandemic in the European Union and its member states. The European Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) system and selected national dashboards from member states were assessed to analyze which spatio-temporal information was used, how the information was visualized and whether this changed over the course of the pandemic. Initially, member states focused on their own jurisdiction by creating national dashboards to monitor the pandemic. Information between member states was not aligned. Producing reliable data and timeliness reporting was problematic, just like selecting indictors to monitor the spatial distribution and intensity of the outbreak. Over the course of the pandemic, with more knowledge about the virus and its characteristics, interventions of member states to govern the outbreak were better aligned at the European level. However, further integration and alignment of public health data, statistical data and spatio-temporal data could provide even better information for governments and actors involved in managing the outbreak, both at national and supra-national level. The Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE) initiative and the NUTS system provide a framework to guide future integration and extension of existing systems.

scholarly journals The Pathogenic Role of PI3K/AKT Pathway in Cancer Onset and Drug Resistance: An Updated Review

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3949
Author(s):  
Federica Rascio ◽  
Federica Spadaccino ◽  
Maria Teresa Rocchetti ◽  
Giuseppe Castellano ◽  
Giovanni Stallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Invasion And Metastasis ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Survival Mechanisms

The PI3K/AKT pathway is one of the most frequently over-activated intracellular pathways in several human cancers. This pathway, acting on different downstream target proteins, contributes to the carcinogenesis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumour cells. A multi-level impairment, involving mutation and genetic alteration, aberrant regulation of miRNAs sequences, and abnormal phosphorylation of cascade factors, has been found in multiple cancer types. The deregulation of this pathway counteracts common therapeutic strategies and contributes to multidrug resistance. In this review, we underline the involvement of this pathway in patho-physiological cell survival mechanisms, emphasizing its key role in the development of drug resistance. We also provide an overview of the potential inhibition strategies currently available.

scholarly journals Redefining the learning space: Developing peer mentoring in the enterprise curriculum

2020 ◽  
pp. 095042222098126
Author(s):  
Andrew P Hird
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Peer Mentoring ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Hygiene Factors ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Considerable Strain

This account of practice seeks to demystify the entrepreneurship classroom and to provide practical insights into the successful introduction and embedding of a multi-level peer mentoring scheme. Over a 5-year period, peer mentoring has been embedded in an undergraduate enterprise curriculum. This has posed challenges to a number of taken-for-granted assumptions about the enterprise classroom. The role of the tutor in the classroom was redefined; the roles of both colleagues and students were questioned. The accepted rules and norms of the learning environment were placed under considerable strain. It was found that both colleagues and students had very clearly defined expectations of one another and their respective roles: these proved difficult to change. The article recounts the journey, and how the organisers learned to accept and embrace the difficulties faced. Hygiene factors such as timetabling and communication were highly important in allowing the interactions to take place, as were socialisation and facilitation. The mistakes made are also recounted so that they can be avoided by other practitioners.

scholarly journals Building Bridges: A Participatory Stakeholder Framework for Sustainable Urban Construction Logistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2678
Author(s):  
Nicolas Brusselaers ◽  
Koen Mommens ◽  
Cathy Macharis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Implementation Barriers ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Roll Out ◽  
Construction Works

The urban built environment concentrates due to the growing urbanization trend, triggering construction and renovation works in urban areas. Although construction works often revitalize cities upon completion, the associated logistics activities engender a significant financial and environmental footprint if not handled appropriately. Cities have the largest potential to reduce negative impacts through requirements on construction logistics. However, today, there is a lack of knowledge within cities on how to set such demands and how to involve and manage the numerous and varying stakeholders in these processes. This paper presents a participatory decision-making framework for the governance of urban construction logistics on economic, environmental and societal levels, building further on the Multi-Actor Multi-Criteria Analysis (MAMCA). The framework was then implemented on a use case in the dense urban Brussels-Capital Region (Belgium), gathering a wide variety of stakeholders in the context of a sustainable Construction Logistics Scenario (CLS) evaluation. Special attention was paid on the identification of implementation barriers and the role of governments to facilitate the introduction and city-wide roll-out of novel CLS. Findings show how different processes are site-, actor- and condition-specific, thereby delivering a common built object which is often based on different motivations and concerns. The study proposes a flexible, replicable and upscalable framework both from an inter- and intracity perspective, which can serve to support (1) the management of processes and CLS, (2) the management of people and the community, and (3) the project and city, in the context of multi-level governance.

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