scholarly journals The active metabolic rate predicts a male spider's proximity to females and expected fitness

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20121164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Kasumovic ◽  
Frank Seebacher
Keyword(s):  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Web Spider ◽  
History Of ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Nephila Plumipes ◽  
Expected Fitness ◽  
Insight Into

Conspicuous traits, such as weaponry and body size, are often correlated with fitness. By contrast, we understand less about how inconspicuous physiological traits affect fitness. Not only is linking physiology directly to fitness a challenge, but in addition, behavioural studies most often focus on resting or basal metabolic rates, resulting in a poor understanding of how active metabolic rates affect fitness. Here we use the golden orb-web spider ( Nephila plumipes ), a species for which proximity to a female on the web predicts a male's paternity share, to examine the role of resting and active metabolic rates in fitness. Using a semi-natural experimental set-up, we show that males closer to a female have higher active metabolic rates than males further from females. This higher metabolic activity is paralleled by increased citrate synthase activity, suggesting greater mitochondrial densities. Our results link both higher active metabolic rates and increased citrate synthase activity with fitness. Coupled with the behaviour and life history of N. plumipes , these results provide insight into the evolution of physiological systems.

Kinetics of Plasmon-Driven Hydrosilylation of Silicon Surfaces: Photogenerated Charges Drive Silicon- Carbon Bond Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Rao ◽  
Brian Olsen ◽  
Erik Luber ◽  
Jillian Buriak
Keyword(s):  
Green Light ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Silicon Surfaces ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Carbon Bond ◽  
Silicon Carbon ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

Optically transparent PDMS stamps coated with a layer of gold nanoparticles were employed as plasmonic stamps to drive surface chemistry on silicon surfaces. Illumination of a sandwich of plasmonic stamps, an alkene ink, and hydride-terminated silicon with green light of moderate intensity drives hydrosilylation on the surface. The key to the mechanism of the hydrosilylation is the presence of holes at the Si-H-terminated interface, which is followed by attack by a proximal alkene and formation of the silicon-carbon bond. In this work, detailed kinetic studies of the hydrosilylation on silicon with different doping levels, n++, p++, n, p, and intrinsic were carried out to provide further insight into the role of the metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) junction that is set up during the stamping.

Role of IFLA in Marketing Initiatives in Library and Information Services

2015 ◽  
pp. 380-388
Author(s):  
Dinesh K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Present Information ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up

Traditionally, the thrust of library and information managers was on managing in-house technical operations of the libraries without taking much consideration of the outside world. However, during the last two-three decades there have been many changes in library's overall external environment that have affected the internal environment and management of libraries and their services to a great extent. Earlier, more emphasis was on developing the libraries for the future rather than meeting the present information needs of users, but now users are more demanding; they have higher expectations from libraries, and they compare value/benefits received every time in comparison to efforts they have put into getting the desired information/information service(s)/product(s). As such, the interest of information professionals in marketing library services has been rising. Marketing can simply be defined as an approach that integrates external environment and internal environment in understanding and satisfying customer needs. In service organizations, management and marketing integrates and good service are not different from good marketing efforts. In other words, in-service set up marketing is the state of mind and management is a way forward to actions. The creation of Section on Management and Marketing in IFLA at the international level signifies such importance and integration of management and marketing in recent times. Rejean Savard (2006) describes the history of the Section and reviews its activities in the initial years. The chapter emphasizes recent activities and contributions of the IFLA Section on Management and Marketing Section in encouraging good marketing efforts in libraries the world over.

Teaching Criminology and Police Science for Postgraduate Students at the Ruhr- University Bochum, Germany

2010 ◽  
pp. 177-193
Author(s):  
Diana Ziegleder ◽  
Felix Feldmann-Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Master's Program ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Insight Into

This case study looks at the postgraduate program in Criminology and Police Science at the Ruhr- University Bochum, Germany. This practice oriented course of study is designed as a distance learning course (blended learning) and therefore focuses on techniques of e-learning. The case study describes the history of origins and examines the educational situation before this master’s program was established and how an idea became reality. It is one of the very few possibilities in Germany to receive a deeper insight into criminology and police science. Despite the fact, that the students are all professionals and thus working mostly full time, the technical premises make a discourse possible as in on-campus programs. These innovative forms of learning are the focal point of the following case study. It is our aim to provide insight into how a master’s program could be set up and to promote new concepts of e-learning in the field of criminology.

Dewey’s Criticisms of Traditional Philosophy

1998 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Charles Lowney
Keyword(s):  
Natural World ◽  
Error Characteristic ◽  
Traditional Philosophy ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Great Insight ◽  
History Of ◽  
Philosophic Tradition ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Modern Thinking

In this paper I address some of John Dewey’s more generally applicable criticisms of the philosophic "tradition," and show how his criticisms stem from his naturalistic approach to philosophy. This topic is important because Dewey gives great insight into discussions that are relevant today regarding the role of philosophy. In 1935 he anticipated many of the criticisms of the "later" Wittgenstein regarding the establishment of post facto standards as a cause, the separation of language from behavior and the privatization of mind—yet Dewey still finds use for metaphysics or "thinking at large." I believe the essence of Dewey’s criticisms are found in a few key distinctions. Therefore, I cover the history of philosophy with blanket criticisms of the blanket categories of "classical" and of "modern" thought. For Dewey, the fundamental error characteristic of both Greek and Modern thinking is the artificial bifurcation of our thoughts, feelings and actions from the natural world. As I see it, the heart of this metaphysical mistake is captured by the distinctions he draws between the "instrumental" and "consummatory," and between the "precarious" and "stable."

scholarly journals Risky mate search and mate preference in the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes)

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Kasumovic ◽  
Matthew J. Bruce ◽  
Marie E. Herberstein ◽  
Maydianne C.B. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Mate Preference ◽  
Web Spider ◽  
Mate Search ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
Nephila Plumipes

A natural history of web decorations in the St Andrew's Cross spider (Argiope keyserlingi)

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Rao ◽  
Ken Cheng ◽  
Marie E. Herberstein
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
History Data ◽  
Web Spider ◽  
Exact Function ◽  
History Of ◽  
Argiope Keyserlingi ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
The Web

A long-running debate in the spider literature concerns the function of the extra silk decorations in some spider webs. These decorations are appended to the web and constitute a highly visible signal, which is inconsistent with the trend towards web invisibility. Despite the sustained attention of researchers, the exact function of these decorations is yet to be understood. While most studies have focussed on testing particular hypotheses, there has been a dearth of natural history data regarding web decorations in field conditions. In this study we present baseline data regarding the influence of seasonality, microhabitat characteristics and ecology on the presence of web decorations in an Australian orb web spider, Argiope keyserlingi. In particular, we show that there is preference among spiders to build their webs between bushes and to face the south-east, but this preference does not influence decoration building.

Losing the local: Sydney and the Oz Rock tradition

Popular Music ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Homan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Rock And Roll ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Live Music ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

In a tiny inner city pubThe amps were getting stackedLeads were getting wound upIt was full of pissed Anzacs‘Got no more gigs for Tuesday nights’ said the barman to the star,‘We're putting pokies in the lounge and strippers in the bar’The star, he raised his fingers and said ‘fuck this fucking hole’But to his roadie said ‘it's the death of rock and roll’‘There ain't no single place left to play amplified guitarEvery place is servin' long blacks if they're not already tapas bars(TISM (This Is Serious Mum), ‘The Last Australian Guitar Hero’, 1998)Introduction: local music-makingA number of recent studies have focused upon the places and spaces of popular music performance. In particular, analyses of British live music contexts have examined the role of urban landscapes in facilitating production/consumption environments. Building upon Simon Frith's (1983) initial exploration of the synthesis of leisure/work ideologies and popular music, Ruth Finnegan's detailed examination of amateur music practices in Milton Keynes (1989) and Sara Cohen's account of the Liverpool scene (1991) reveal the benefits of engaging in detailed micro-studies of the local. Paul Chevigny's history of the governance of New York City jazz venues (1991) similarly provides a rich insight into performance contexts and the importance of hitherto unnoticed city ordinances in influencing the production of live music.

scholarly journals Male copulation frequency, sperm competition and genital damage in the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes)

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta M. Schneider ◽  
Marie E. Herberstein ◽  
Matthew J. Bruce ◽  
Michael M. Kasumovic ◽  
Melissa L. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mate Guarding ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Mating Frequency ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Sexual Cannibalism ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Web Spider ◽  
Duration Of Copulation ◽  
Orb Web ◽  
Nephila Plumipes

Copulation in many sexually cannibalistic spiders is associated with a loss of function of the male reproductive organs and, as a consequence, males that survive sexual cannibalism may nevertheless be unable to subsequently copulate successfully. Sexual cannibalism is common in the Australian golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes), in which the tip of the conductor typically breaks during copulation. Thus, male mating frequency may be physiologically limited to two females, irrespective of the male’s ability to avoid cannibalism or the opportunity to locate and court additional, receptive females. Laboratory experiments revealed that the likelihood of the conductor breaking depends upon the copulatory history of the female insemination duct: males were more likely to break their conductor if they inseminated a ‘virgin’ rather than ‘mated’ insemination duct. However, the choice of insemination duct did not influence the duration of copulation or quantity of sperm transferred. In field populations, the proportion of males with both conductors broken increased during the course of the mating season, but while males with broken conductors did not copulate successfully with virgin females, they were nevertheless observed on the webs of immature females. We suggest that male N. plumipes with broken conductors on the webs of females are most likely mate guarding, as this appears to be the most effective mechanism of securing paternity.

Kinetics of Plasmon-Driven Hydrosilylation of Silicon Surfaces: Photogenerated Charges Drive Silicon- Carbon Bond Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Rao ◽  
Brian Olsen ◽  
Erik Luber ◽  
Jillian Buriak
Keyword(s):  
Green Light ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Silicon Surfaces ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Carbon Bond ◽  
Silicon Carbon ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Insight Into

Optically transparent PDMS stamps coated with a layer of gold nanoparticles were employed as plasmonic stamps to drive surface chemistry on silicon surfaces. Illumination of a sandwich of plasmonic stamps, an alkene ink, and hydride-terminated silicon with green light of moderate intensity drives hydrosilylation on the surface. The key to the mechanism of the hydrosilylation is the presence of holes at the Si-H-terminated interface, which is followed by attack by a proximal alkene and formation of the silicon-carbon bond. In this work, detailed kinetic studies of the hydrosilylation on silicon with different doping levels, n++, p++, n, p, and intrinsic were carried out to provide further insight into the role of the metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) junction that is set up during the stamping.

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