scholarly journals Increasing sulfate levels show a differential impact on synthetic communities comprising different methanogens and a sulfate reducer

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (154) ◽  
pp. 20190129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Chen ◽  
Matthew J. Wade ◽  
Jan Dolfing ◽  
Orkun S. Soyer
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Sulfate Reducer ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Sulfate Reducers ◽  
Hydrogenotrophic Methanogens ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Methane-producing microbial communities are of ecological and biotechnological interest. Syntrophic interactions among sulfate reducers and aceto/hydrogenotrophic and obligate hydrogenotrophic methanogens form a key component of these communities, yet, the impact of these different syntrophic routes on methane production and their stability against sulfate availability are not well understood. Here, we construct model synthetic communities using a sulfate reducer and two types of methanogens representing different methanogenesis routes. We find that tri-cultures with both routes increase methane production by almost twofold compared to co-cultures and are stable in the absence of sulfate. With increasing sulfate, system stability and productivity decreases and does so faster in communities with aceto/hydrogenotrophic methanogens despite the continued presence of acetate. We show that this is due to a shift in the metabolism of these methanogens towards co-utilization of hydrogen with acetate. These findings indicate the important role of hydrogen dynamics in the stability and productivity of syntrophic communities.

scholarly journals Information and Statistical Efforts of Selected Safety Network Institutions in the Area of Financial System Stability

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Piotr Komorowski ◽  
Dariusz Filip
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Financial System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
System Information ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Financial system stability is considered a public good. The main role of the financial safety network is to stabilise the system. Information and statistical activities of institutions which belong to the safety network are the tools which may improve the stability. We need to stress that most decisions are based on information, in particular decisions on investment or speculation, hence by providing information and statistical data these institutions indirectly enhance the overall stability of the system. An overview and analysis of selected studies addressing financial system stability helped the authors draw theoret- ical and practical conclusions as to the stability itself and the impact of information and statistics upon its improvement.

Factors affecting the amplitude of the τ angle in proteins: a revisitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Balasco ◽  
Luciana Esposito ◽  
Luigi Vitagliano
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Backbone Conformation ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Open Issues

The protein folded state is the result of the fine balance of a variety of different forces. Even minor structural perturbations may have a significant impact on the stability of these macromolecules. Studies carried out in recent decades have led to the convergent view that proteins are endowed with a flexible spine. One of the open issues related to protein local backbone geometry is the identification of the factors that influence the amplitude of the τ (N—Cα—C) angle. Here, statistical analyses performed on an updated ensemble of X-ray protein structures by dissecting the contribution of the major factors that can potentially influence the local backbone geometry of proteins are reported. The data clearly indicate that the local backbone conformation has a prominent impact on the modulation of the τ angle. Therefore, a proper assessment of the impact of the other potential factors can only be appropriately evaluated when small (φ, ψ) regions are considered. Here, it is shown that when the contribution of the backbone conformation is removed by considering small (φ, ψ) areas, an impact of secondary structure, as defined byDSSP, and/or the residue type on τ is still detectable, although to a limited extent. Indeed, distinct τ-value distributions are detected for Pro/Gly and β-branched (Ile/Val) residues. The key role of the local backbone conformation highlighted here supports the use of variable local backbone geometry in protein refinement protocols.

scholarly journals Le rôle des entreprises et leurs comportements sur la stabilité du système financier

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-103
Author(s):  
Farelle Yandza Ikahaud ◽  
Mohamed El Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Investment determines the sustainability and prosperity of an economy. The paper seeks to (1) give an overview of the roles of companies on the stability of the financial system, based on existing theoretical and empirical work; and (2) to highlight the reasons which expose them to the non-application of their duties against the State. For this purpose, a bibliometric analysis using the Direct Science database was employed. The results of the analysis allowed us to study the search trend by analyzing the distribution of publications, authors, types of publications and fields of research and also showed that the themes of the study are of great scientific interest because of the surge in the number of publications on the role of companies over the last ten years averaging 76.3 per year while 1,690 were on the impact of company behaviour on the stability of the financial system.

Structural and functional analysis of reconnaissance and fire system and decomposition of its functions and subsystems

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
O. Maistrenko ◽  
O. Karavanov ◽  
A. Shcherba
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Fire Damage ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Expert Evaluation ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

It is established that the role of reconnaissance and fire systems in the implementation of enemy fire damage in military conflicts occurring at the beginning of the XXI century. Increased  to 75%. However, it was found that the effectiveness of these systems depends on the quality of their equipment. The main factors that are often not taken into account in the acquisition are the possibility, interoperability, stability of each element, the impact of elements on the stability of each other and the functioning of the RVS as a whole. The analysis of recent research and publications has shown that as of today, the approaches to determining the composition of reconnaissance fire systems taking into account these factors are not justified. Given the above, it was decided to conduct a structural and functional analysis of the reconnaissance fire system and the decomposition of its functions and subsystems. To this end, based on the method of cluster analysis, an algorithm for combining a set of tasks performed by reconnaissance and fire systems into groups has been developed and substantiated. The method of expert evaluation was used to obtain substantiated data on the implementation of such a merger. According to the proposed algorithm, the main tasks were first identified, which involve reconnaissance and fire systems. Subsequently, an expert group was formed and the coefficient of relative competence of each member of the expert group was determined. The experts were then asked to combine the identified tasks according to their characteristics into an arbitrary number of groups. After processing the opinions of experts, 10 characteristic groups were identified. Finally, the experts were asked to combine the obtained groups in such a way that each association consisted of similar objects and the objects of different associations differed significantly. The results of the work revealed the functional interconnectedness of the tasks, processes and subsystems of the reconnaissance and fire system. It is also established that a typical reconnaissance fire system will consist of three subsystems (control, reconnaissance and fire influence), which perform specific functions for each of them.

The Impact of Process Architecture on Equilibrium Stability in Distributed Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich Devendorf ◽  
Kemper Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Solution Process ◽  
System Stability ◽  
System Level ◽  
Design System ◽  
Distributed Design ◽  
General Process ◽  
Architecture Model ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Process Architecture ◽  
The Impact

In distributed design processes, individual design subsystems have local control over design variables and seek to satisfy their own individual objectives, which may also be influenced by some system level objectives. The resulting network of coupled subsystems will either converge to a stable equilibrium or diverge in an unstable manner. In this paper, we study the dependence of system stability on the solution process architecture. The solution process architecture describes how the design subsystems are ordered and can be either sequential, parallel, or a hybrid that incorporates both parallel and sequential elements. In this paper, we demonstrate that the stability of a distributed design system does indeed depend on the solution process architecture chosen, and we create a general process architecture model based on linear systems theory. The model allows the stability of equilibrium solutions to be analyzed for distributed design systems by converting any process architecture into an equivalent parallel representation. Moreover, we show that this approach can accurately predict when the equilibrium is unstable and the system divergent when previous models suggest that the system is convergent.

Water management and phenology influence the root-associated rice field microbiota

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Chialva ◽  
Stefano Ghignone ◽  
Paolo Cozzi ◽  
Barbara Lazzari ◽  
Paola Bonfante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Water Status ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Upland Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Comprehensive Study

ABSTRACT Microbial communities associated with plants are greatly influenced by water availability in soil. In flooded crops, such as rice, the impact of water management on microbial dynamics is not fully understood. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the rice microbiota investigated in an experimental field located in one of the most productive areas of northern Italy. The microbiota associated with paddy soil and root was investigated using 454 pyrosequencing of 16S, ITS and 18S rRNA gene amplicons under two different water managements, upland (non-flooded, aerobic) and lowland (traditional flooding, anaerobic), at three plant development stages. Results highlighted a major role of the soil water status in shaping microbial communities, while phenological stage had low impacts. Compositional shifts in prokaryotic and fungal communities upon water management consisted in significant abundance changes of Firmicutes, Methanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes and Glomeromycotina. A vicariance in plant beneficial microbes and between saprotrophs and pathotrophs was observed between lowland and upland. Moreover, through network analysis, we demonstrated different co-abundance dynamics between lowland and upland conditions with a major impact on microbial hubs (strongly interconnected microbes) that fully shifted to aerobic microbes in the absence of flooding.

On Entering First Grade: Note on Impact of Parents' Attitudes on Expectations of Their Children, an Israeli Case

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Strauss ◽  
Harry Gottesdiener ◽  
Rachel Fogel ◽  
Drorith Tamari
Keyword(s):  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Maternal Attitudes ◽  
Attitude Scales ◽  
School Attitude ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Perceptions Of School

The present study dealt with the impact of parental attitudes about school on the expectations of kindergarten children entering the first grade. 20 kindergarten children of middle to high socioeconomic status were given the Bar-Ilan Picture Test for Children which is a semi-projective interview probing children's perceptions of school and home. Parental attitudes were elicited by an inventory based on items from the school-attitude scales by Erhard and by Levy and Ashani. The outcomes showed that maternal attitudes had most impact on the expectations of the children, and the differential impact of parents' attitudes was in accordance with Parson's (1955) distinction between the expressive role of the mother and the instrumental role of the father.

Features of Forming of Profits of Commercial Banks in Terms of Coronaries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
A. Novikov ◽  
A. Zverev ◽  
M. Mishina
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Internal Characteristic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Entire Economy

A significant role of the banking system in ensuring the functioning of the entire economy, by means of organizing the movement of borrowed capital between individual industries and the implementation of financial needs is achieved only if this system, and therefore its constituent elements, are stable. In this regard, the stability of the banking system should be considered as a fundamental internal characteristic, which ensures the existence and stable development of the Bank in a market economy under the influence of external and internal factors. In 2020, commercial banks were faced with the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the Russian economy and the banking system in particular. At the same time, the current situation of banks ' functioning is characterized not only by the presence of a corona crisis, but also by the internal development of the system itself, which, following the uberization of the world economy, dictates to commercial banks the need to develop and implement financial technologies and form ecosystems. In these conditions, the need for commercial banks in financial resources increases, which is reflected in the increasing role of profit in the Bank's activities and development. This article focuses on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the banking system of the Russian Federation and the economy as a whole, and also identifies the features of profit formation and the specifics of the functioning of commercial banks in the coronavirus crisis period.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES OF AIRWAYS IN PATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Fedosenko ◽  
L. M. Ogorodova ◽  
M. A. Karnaushkina ◽  
Ye. S. Kulikov ◽  
I. A. Deyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Impact

This review summarizes the results of studies on the composition of microbial communities in the airways of healthy subjects and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Modern technologies of molecular-genetic identification methods of microorganisms allow to perform a deep analysis  of  the  respiratory  microbiom.  It  is  of  considerable  interest  to  determine  the  role  of  the microbiome in the development of human diseases of the bronchopulmonary system, and to understand the impact of the microbes communities as a course of disease and the important factor for the efficacy of current therapy.

scholarly journals Mathematical analysis of an age structured epidemic model with a quarantine class

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedreddine AINSEBA ◽  
Tarik Touaoula ◽  
Zakia Sari
Keyword(s):  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Asymptotic Behavior Of Solutions ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Qualitative Behavior ◽  
Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Globally Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, an age structured epidemic Susceptible-Infected-Quarantined-Recovered-Infected (SIQRI) model is proposed, where we will focus on the role of individuals that leave their class of quarantine before being completely recovered and thus will participate again to the transmission of the disease. We investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions by studying the stability of both trivial and positive equilibria. In order to see the impact of the different model parameters like the relapse rate on the qualitative behavior of our system, we firstly, give the explicit expression of the epidemic reproduction number $R_{0}.$ This number is a combination of the classical epidemic reproduction number for the SIQR model and a new epidemic reproduction number corresponding to the individuals infected by a relapsed person from the R-class. It is shown that, if $R_{0}\leq 1$, the disease free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable and becomes unstable for $R_{0}>1$. Secondly, while $R_{0}>1$, a suitable Lyapunov functional is constructed to prove that the unique endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable on some subset $\Omega_{0}.$

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