scholarly journals Taylor White's ‘paper museum’ (1725–1772): understanding the scientific work of an unpublished naturalist

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline M. Stantina
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Major Work ◽  
The World ◽  
Historiography Of Science ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Rare Books

From approximately his election as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1725 to his death in 1772, as the London barrister Taylor White (1701–1772) moved up the legal ladder, he commissioned, gathered, and organized a tremendous collection of zoological paintings now held in the Blacker Wood Collection of McGill University Rare Books and Archives. As White did not publish any major work during his lifetime, he has been substantially ignored in the historiography of science. By investigating the considerable painting compilation available in the collection, this article aims to understand White's scientific practice as a naturalist, working primarily from non-textual primary sources. The taxonomical work comprises the global arrangement of the plates, and the referencing practice, as well as the limited correspondence available on the English barrister, and these help to position the anonymous Taylor White within the world of naturalists at that time.

scholarly journals Notes for Contributors

1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 14-14
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Readership ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Synthetic Molecule

The Journal is a benefit of membership of the Royal Society of Medicine and through it we aim to offer Fellows something stimulating or instructive or entertaining each month (preferably all three). It has also won a large readership outside the Society. As with medicine itself, the scope is almost limitless—from the clinical anecdote to the latest synthetic molecule, from health service politics to hermeneutics, from bronze age archaeology to art in hospitals. Our guiding principle is that good specialists read outside their specialty. Solemnity is not compulsory. For scientific work we offer a brisk review process, and can publish high-priority papers 6–8 weeks after acceptance, correspondence and meeting reports in as little as 3; thus, we attract good papers by offering an efficient service to authors. Our prime responsibility, however, is to the readers. If you are thinking of submitting a paper, please bear in mind that our readers come from the world over, from many specialties and some from none. Whereas in a specialist journal you may be writing for colleagues with shared knowledge (and jargon), in the JRSM you seek to engage wider attention. Do not be too proud to explain complexities; say why your message is important; and be brief. ~!~With these provisos, we welcome your contributions—whether original papers, reviews, opinion pieces, or whatever. If your article stems from a meeting of one of the Society's Sections or Forums, it should be submitted to Professor Tim David, Proceedings Editor, JRSM, Booth Hall Children's Hospital, Blackley, Manchester M9 7AA (Tel: 0161 220 5536; Fax: 0161 795 7542; E-mail: [email protected] ); on the title page please indicate when and where the meeting took place. All other items should be sent to Dr Robin Fox, Editor, JRSM, Royal Society of Medicine, 1 Wimpole Street, London W1M 8AE (Tel/Fax: 01892 853520; E-mail: [email protected] ). The following paragraphs offer hints on preparing and submitting material to the JRSM. Both of us stand ready to help at every stage in the genesis of an article, from the gleam in the eye to the final proofs. Call us or write.

scholarly journals Fechner on a Walk

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-47
Author(s):  
Joshua Bauchner
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Sensory Physiology ◽  
Historiography Of Science ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Crucial Part

The Leipzig physicist Gustav Theodor Fechner (1801–88) is best known for his introduction of psychophysics, an exact, empirical science of the relations between mind and body and a crucial part of nineteenth-century sensory physiology and experimental psychology. Based on an extensive and close reading of Fechner’s diaries, this article considers psychophysics from the vantage of his everyday life, specifically the experience of taking a walk. This experience was not mere fodder for his scientific practice, as backdrop, object, or tool. Rather, on foot, Fechner pursued an investigation of the mind-body parallel to his natural-scientific one; in each domain, he strove to render the mind-body graspable, each in its own idiom, here everyday and there scientific. I give an account of Fechner’s walks as experiences that he both undertook and underwent, that shaped and were shaped by the surrounding everyday cacophony, and that carried a number of competing meanings for Fechner himself; the attendant analysis draws on his major scientific work, Elemente der Psychophysik (1860; Elements of Psychophysics), as the thick context that renders the walks legible as an everyday investigation. What results are three modes of walking—physiopsychical, interpersonal, and universal—each engaging the mind-body at a different level, as also engaged separately in Elemente’s three major sections, outer psychophysics, inner psychophysics, and general psychophysics beyond the human. This analysis ultimately leads to a new view of Fechner’s belief in a God who was “omnipresent and conscious in nature” and whom Fechner encountered daily on his walks in the budding of new blooms and rustling of the wind. More broadly, I aim to bring the analysis of everyday experiences as experiences into the historiography of science.

The Indian Science Congress-Delhi Meeting, 1-8 January 1947

1947 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Keyword(s):  
Executive Committee ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Indian Science ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Jawaharlal Nehru ◽  
Small Team ◽  
General Secretary

The following letter dated 12 October 1946 was received by the President of the Royal Society from Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru : ' I am writing this letter on behalf of the Executive Committee of the Indian Science Congress Association. The Association is anxious to promote the cause of international co-operation in scientific work and research, and in particular, to develop contacts between Indian scientists and eminent men and women of science in other countries. With a view to furthering this cause, the Association wishes to invite some distinguished scientists from other countries on short visits to India, beginning with the next session of the Indian Science Congress Association, which is to be held in Delhi from to 8 January 1947. It is hoped that each scientist will find it possible to visit important centres of work in India in his own field of study, and according to his convenience, to give a few lectures, take part in discussions and advise on scientific matters. The Executive Committee of the Indian Science Congress would be glad if the Royal Society could accept this invitation and arrange to send a small team of scientists to India. Our Association would meet all expenses in India and, where necessary, meet the cost of air passages to and from India. The Association would also be responsible for all local arrangements in India. ‘ Professor P. C . Mahalanobis, F.R.S., General Secretary of the Indian Science Congress Association, is already in U.K ., and I hope he has seen you. ‘ We trust that we shall have the full co-operation of the Royal Society and that our joint endeavours will not only further the cause of science, but also the peace and progress of the world.' The Council at its meeting on 7 November 1946 accepted the invitation from Pandit Nehru to send a delegation from the Royal Society to the meeting of the Indian Science Congress Association which was held in Delhi in January 1947.

scholarly journals The Osler Library of the History of Medicine: Mcgill’s Medical Memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Lyons ◽  
David Crawford
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Travel Grant ◽  
Rare Books ◽  
William Osler

Sir william Osler bequeathed his library to Mcgill University in 1919; a decade later, the 8000 volumes arrived in Montreal. Then, as now, the collection consisted of primary works (“rare books”), secondary commentaries, and current works on the history of the health sciences. In the last 80 years the collection has grown considerably and the library now adds about 1,000 books to its collection yearly (mainly current publications) and receives 200 current serial titles. The Osler Library is one of the largest “history of medicine” libraries in the world and the largest of its kind in Canada. The library tries to collect current material on the history of the health sciences from all over the world and attempts to collect all medical history published in Canada. The Osler offers its resources to researchers and students through its website, publications and Research Travel grant programme.

scholarly journals Bertrand Arthur William Russell, Earl Russell, 1872-1970

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 583-620 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
General Outline ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Hooke’S Law ◽  
The World ◽  
Hooke's Law ◽  
Complete Bibliography

Russell left an autobiography in three volumes and two earlier autobiographical essays. These works were widely read. The style is fresh and lucid, perhaps unequalled since Bishop Berkeley or Hume; and as memorable. So the reader may be assumed to know the general outline of Russell’s life and thought. Since the complete bibliography of his writings is said to run to 500 pages there can be no question of attempting a full account here. The selection below, from his life and works, is made on the following principles. The well-known aspects of his life, including his activities as a publicist and reformer, are described only briefly. For balance part I presents in more detail those aspects which, though perhaps equally important and sometimes quite explicit in his writings, have not become widely known. (Since Russell was a controversial figure, the selection made here may also be controversial.) Part II goes into ‘his researches concerning the Principles of Mathematics and the Mathematical Treatment of the Logic of Relations’—to use the wording of the proposal for his election to the Royal Society. Some of Russell’s views on points of general philosophic interest related to his scientific work are sketched in part III. Many of his later general writings do not always respect Hooke’s warning (to the Royal Society) against ‘meddling with Divinity, Metaphysics, Moralls, Politicks, Grammar, Rhetorick, or Logick’, in the sense in which Hooke understood those words. To compromise with Hooke’s law, the memoir confines itself to describing Russell’s view of the world, how questions in the forbidden subjects presented themselves to him, without going too closely into the sense of the questions or the validity of the answers. This is done at the end of part III.

MYTH IN SAM SHEPARD’S “THE GOD OF HELL” AND ITS POLITICAL IMPLICATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
American Culture ◽  
The Political ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Political Implication ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Sam Shepard ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Political Myth ◽  
The World

The article introduces the creative work of the famous American playwright Sam Shepard, whose works are almost unknown to our Uzbek reader. His plays are well known throughout the world; they influenced the formation of the worldview of readers of different nations and show the peculiarities of American culture. Despite the worldwide fame of Sam Shepard’s works, they are not studied well by literary critics. In America and Europe his works have been studied in details for a long period, and even several monographs in English have been written. However, neither in the Russian speaking, nor in the domestic literary criticism there is yet no major work on Shepard's works. The article also deals with the artistic features of the political myth of the “American dream” in one of the most scandalous plays, “The God of Hell,” dedicated to the protest against the war in Iraq. Thus, this study, which touches upon some issues of Shepard's creative work in connection with his innovative artistic originality, to a certain extent, seeks to fill this gap.

Falta de interés por la ciencia en la formación profesional de estudiantes de la ESIME-IPN, México / Lack of Interest for Science in the Professional Education of Students of the Esime-IPN, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Armando Martínez Ríos
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Of Students

ABSTRACTMexico lacks a scientific culture. Investigations and reports show that only has a record of 38 thousand scientific and 0.5% global of registered patents in the world. Communications and electronics engineering (ICE) is one of the three formations in the school of mechanical engineering and electrical (ESIME) unit Zacatenco from the Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN) Mexico. Among the objectives of this mentioned formation on its web site, is the form professionals with scientific and technological foundations; However, the curriculum includes only two subjects with these characteristics. Less than 1% of the graduates also choose to devote himself to scientific work. This paper shows the results obtained by means of a survey on the perception that students have about scientists in order to propose actions that foster a greater interest in them by the science and technology into their professional formation.RESUMENMéxico carece de una cultura científica ya que algunas encuestas muestran que solo se tiene un registro de 38 mil científicos y el 0.5% del total mundial de patentes registradas. Ingeniería en Comunicaciones y Electrónica (ICE) es una de las tres carreras de la Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica (ESIME) unidad Zacatenco del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN) México. Entre los objetivos de esta carrera mencionado en su sitio web, es el de formar profesionistas con fundamentos científicos y tecnológicos; sin embargo, el currículo, contempla solo dos asignaturas con estas características. Asimismo, menos del 1% de los egresados elige dedicarse a una labor científica. Este trabajo muestra los resultados obtenidos por medio de una encuesta sobre la percepción que los estudiantes tienen sobre los científicos con el fin de proponer acciones que fomenten un mayor interés en ellos por la ciencia y la tecnología dentro de su formación.

scholarly journals IX. Observations upon so much of Monsieur le Monnier the younger's memoir, lately presented to the Royal Society, as relates to the communicating the electric virtue to non-electrics; by Wm. Watson, F. R. S

1746 ◽  
Vol 44 (482) ◽  
pp. 388-395
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The World is much obliged to Mons. le Monnier for the many Discoverics he has made of the Power of Electricity; though the Reason of my troubling you with this Paper at this time, is my differing with that Gentleman in the Conclusions which he deduces from several of the Experiments contain’d in his Memoir lately presented to the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris , his own Extract of which was lately communicated to the Royal Society .

AVICENNA - HISTORY'S PRODIGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (06) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Shakhnoza Ganieva ◽  
◽  
Professor Kamola Baltabayevna Akilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
The World ◽  
The Veil ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The earliest of the manuscripts available in the world, "Kitab al-Qanun fi-t-tibb" ("Canon of Medicine"), by the great Abu Ali ibn Sina (980-1037), dating back to the 12th century, is kept in the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. This major work has been the most complete encyclopedia of medicine for a millennium. As early as in the 12th century, it was translated in Europe from Arabic into Latin by the Italian Gerard of Cremona (1114-1187) and then disseminated in many manuscripts. "The Canon of Medicine," Avicenna began writing when he was twenty years old and completed this work in 1020-at the age of forty, when Avicenna's medical and life experience was vast. This article is just an attempt to lift the veil over the mystery of the genius' formation, and how this priceless folio, created in the ancient Uzbek land, came to St. Petersburg.

Using Sources In History Teaching

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
Seema S.Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
History Teaching ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Teaching History ◽  
The World ◽  
Source Materials

History is constructed by people who study the past. It is created through working on both primary and secondary sources that historians use to learn about people, events, and everyday life in the past. Just like detectives, historians look at clues, sift through evidence, and make their own interpretations. Historical knowledge is, therefore, the outcome of a process of enquiry. During last century, the teaching of history has changed considerably. The use of sources, viz. textual, visual, and oral, in school classrooms in many parts of the world has already become an essential part of teaching history. However, in India, it is only a recent phenomenon. Introducing students to primary sources and making them a regular part of classroom lessons help students develop critical thinking and deductive reasoning skills. These will be useful throughout their lives. This paper highlights the benefits of using primary source materials in a history classroom and provides the teacher, with practical suggestions and examples of how to do this.

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