scholarly journals Understanding spatial patterns in rape reporting delays

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 201795
Author(s):  
Konstantin Klemmer ◽  
Daniel B. Neill ◽  
Stephen A. Jarvis
Keyword(s):  
Data Driven ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Rape Survivors ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Police Data ◽  
Reporting Delays ◽  
The Right ◽  
Us Cities ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Under-reporting and delayed reporting of rape crime are severe issues that can complicate the prosecution of perpetrators and prevent rape survivors from receiving needed support. Building on a massive database of publicly available criminal reports from two US cities, we develop a machine learning framework to predict delayed reporting of rape to help tackle this issue. Motivated by large and unexplained spatial variation in reporting delays, we build predictive models to analyse spatial, temporal and socio-economic factors that might explain this variation. Our findings suggest that we can explain a substantial proportion of the variation in rape reporting delays using only openly available data. The insights from this study can be used to motivate targeted, data-driven policies to assist vulnerable communities. For example, we find that younger rape survivors and crimes committed during holiday seasons exhibit longer delays. Our insights can thus help organizations focused on supporting survivors of sexual violence to provide their services at the right place and time. Due to the non-confidential nature of the data used in our models, even community organizations lacking access to sensitive police data can use these findings to optimize their operations.

scholarly journals Pulmonary tuberculosis as differential diagnosis of lung cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
MLB Bhatt ◽  
Surya Kant ◽  
Ravi Bhaskar
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Inappropriate Medication ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
The Right ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractPatients with lung cancer are often misdiagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis leading to delay in the correct diagnosis as well as exposure to inappropriate medication. Several factors are responsible for this situation in developing countries, including lack of awareness, inadequate infrastructure and socio-economic factors. This article outlines the differences between the two diseases as well as features that would make a clinician suspect the right diagnosis early.

scholarly journals Socio-economic Factors Affecting Adoption of Agroforestry Practices in Forest Adjacent Communities: The Case of Ndabibi Location, Nakuru County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Caxton Gitonga Kaua
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Forest Dependency ◽  
Agroforestry Practice ◽  
Agroforestry Adoption ◽  
The Right ◽  
Agroforestry Practices ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Agroforestry greatly helps to improve production by creating the right conditions for other components of the production system and also creates other income streams and benefits. Agroforestry also creates an alternative source of forest derived products and thus help reduce forest destruction. The development of agroforestry in Africa has not been very successful due to poor understanding of the underlying socio-economic factors underpinning the adoption in specific local contexts, including adjacent forest communities. This hinders proper decision making hence ineffective management of agroforestry practices. This is especially the case for Ndabibi Location an area marked by low farm production including degradation of the adjacent Eburru Forest. This study, therefore, aimed to analyze the socio-economic factors affecting agroforestry adoption in Ndabibi Location, a forest adjacent community. This study used a descriptive study design and systematic sampling design. The study used primary and secondary data where primary data was collected using a household questionnaire survey, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and observations. The study found socio-economic factors either have positive or negative relationships with agroforestry adoption. The factors that have a positive relationship with agroforestry practice include age, household size, formal education level, contact with extension services, membership to community-based associations and income levels. Gender, land size and forest dependency were found to have a negative relationship with the adoption of agroforestry practice. Understanding of the socio-economic factors underlying and thus affecting adoption of agroforestry adoption in Ndabibi Location will help communities, policymakers and practitioners to make the right planning and management decisions towards the promotion of agroforestry practice in forest adjacent communities. This shall increase the production, livelihoods and income sources diversification hence leading to the sustainable management of forest ecosystems.

scholarly journals ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI PADI DI JAWA DAN LUAR JAWA : PENDEKATAN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-120
Author(s):  
Juni Hestina ◽  
Rita Nurmalina ◽  
Suharno Suharno
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
The Right ◽  
Formal Finance ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Efficiency is an important aspect for farmer that can be used as a measuring tools to make a decision regarding production among available options. The objectives of this research is to evaluate the technical efficiency of paddy farming, and to identify the factors that influence the technical efficiency of paddyfarms in Jawa and outside Jawa. To analyzed the data, data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach and tobit regression were applied. Farmers were not use the the right amount of inputs as being recommended by the instructor, such as the use of seed, fertilizer NPK and urea. The use of Urea, NPK, and labor had the largest percentage of input slacks when compared to the other production inputs. Farmers in Jawa could reduce the use of urea by 6.75 kg, NPK by 14.96 kg, and labor by 7.45 HOK and farmers in outside Jawa could reduce the use of urea by 32.37 kg, NPK by 6.01 kg, and labor by 15.93 HOK  to make the paddy farm technically efficient. One of the factors that can greatly influence the improvement of farming technical efficiency is the socio-economic factors. Factors that affecting the technical efficiency of paddy farm in Jawa  were the age, the level of formal education, member of Farming group and the number of members in the household, and do not significantly affect the technical efficiency of paddy farm is acces formal finance, and ectention. Factors that affecting the technical efficiency of paddy farm in outside Jawa  were the age, the level of formal education, and member of Farming group and, and do not significantly affect the technical efficiency is the number of members in the household, acces formal finance, and ectention.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Youth Participation in Local Government Planning and Budgeting in Iringa Municipality

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Paul Balivumu Mpwehwe
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Youth Participation ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Government Planning ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
The Right ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This study focused at exploring the socio-economic factors influencing youth participation in planning and budgeting in Local Government Authorities (LGA) in Iringa Municipal Council. The study employed a mixed approach where data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Findings from the study indicated that the youth did not participate in any activity in their LGA in the past three years whereby it was only 31(19.1%) of the youth respondents who participated in at least one of the local government activities in the past three years. Findings further indicated more male participation in planning and budgeting than female. On the other hand findings revealed that education has influence on youth participation in planning and budgeting whereby the more educated youth participated more than none educated youth. Based on the findings, it was concluded that there was an information gap between leaders and youth especially on local government planning and budgeting; hence the study recommended for creation of awareness on the right of the youth to participate in planning and budgeting. The study also recommended regular meetings with the youth in the wards/ streets to hear out their challenges and needs. Furthermore, the study urged the government to use youth friendly tools to create awareness to the youth on planning and budgeting processes and opportunities available in their locality and how they can tap into that pool of opportunity.

DINAMIKA KELOMPOK TANI ANUGERAH MOLLO DI DESA NETPALA KECAMATAN MOLLO UTARA KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Tanggu Dedo Yeremias ◽  
Ernantje Hendrik ◽  
Ignatius Sinu
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Dynamic Level ◽  
South Central ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

ABSTRACT This research has been carried out in the Anugerah Mollo Farmer Group, in Netpala Village, North Mollo District, South Central Timor Regency, starting in March - April 2019. This study aims to determine: (1) The dynamic level of the Anugerah Mollo Farmer Group in Netpala Village, North Mollo District, South Central Timor Regency, (2) Relationship between Socio-economic factors of farmer group members and the level of dynamics of the Anugerah Mollo Farmer Group in Netpala Village, North Mollo District, South Central Timor Regency. Determination of the location of the study carried out intentionally (purposive sampling) The type of data collected is primary data obtained from direct interviews with respondents guided by the questionnaire, while secondary data is obtained from the relevant agencies. To find out the first purpose of the data analyzed using a Likert scale, to find out the second purpose of the data analyzed using the Sperman Rank statistical Nonparametric test. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The level of dynamism of the Anugerah Mollo Farmer Group in Netpala Village, North Mollo District, South Central Timor Regency, is in the very dynamic category of 84%, (2) The relationship of socio-economic factors is only one of the five variables that are significantly related namely land area with a coefficient of rs 0.278 and t = 1.782 count greater than t table 1.699 (p> 0.05), while other social factors such as age, formal education, number of family dependents, and experience of farming show no significant relationship with the level of dynamism of Anugerah Mollo Farmers Group in Netpala Village.

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