The effect of oxygen on the concentration of haem in invertebrates

1955 ◽  
Vol 143 (911) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Pond Snail ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Tissue Cells ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen ◽  
Haemoglobin Content ◽  
Water Gain

In Daphnia the haemoglobin content of the blood is known to increase in water that is deficient in dissolved oxygen and to decrease in well-aerated water. This is also true of other Cladocera, e.g. Chydorus . Conchostraca in poorly aerated water gain haemoglobin rapidly, but in well-aerated water they lose it slowly; Daphnia gains and loses it at the same rate. Larvae of the dipteran insects Chironomus and Anatopynia , and young of the pond snail Planorbis , synthesize more blood haemoglobin in poorly aerated than in well-aerated water. The annelid worms Arenicola , Scoloplos and Tubifex do not synthesize more blood haemoglobin in poorly aerated water. The haemoglobin content of tissue cells may increase when animals are in poorly aerated water and decrease in well-aerated water. This is so for muscles and nerve ganglia of Daphnia and Conchostraca, but not for muscles of the pond snail Physa or parenchyma of a rhabdocoele worm. Cytochrome in muscles of Daphnia and Conchostraca increases and decreases in amount, just as haemoglobin does, with decrease and increase of environmental oxygen.

Post-mortem variation in pH, temperature, and colour profiles of veal carcasses in relation to breed, blood haemoglobin content, and carcass characteristics

Meat Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Klont ◽  
V.M.H. Barnier ◽  
F.J.M. Smulders ◽  
A. Van Dijk ◽  
A.H. Hoving-Bolink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Haemoglobin Content

scholarly journals Factors affecting the formation and oxidation of sulphides in a polluted estuary

1954 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Wheatland
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Suspended Matter ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Thames Estuary ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

Factors affecting the formation and destruction of sulphide in the Thames Estuary have been discussed. Measurements of oxidation-reduction potentials show that the effect of oxygen in the water on conditions in deposits of mud is limited to the surface layer. The rate of formation of sulphide increases with temperature, doubling approximately for each 10° C. rise. Reduction of sulphate to sulphide will occur at temperatures as low as 5° C., but even at 25° C. is inhibited by traces of dissolved oxygen. Mud in suspension in the estuary can produce as much sulphide as compact layers of similar mud which might be more anaerobic.Oxidation of sulphide in the Thames Estuary is shown to be of a purely chemical nature; the rate of oxidation, when oxygen is present, is increased by the presence of suspended matter and iron. In the Thames Estuary, however, the rate is limited by the rate at which oxygen enters the water.Much of the experimental work described in this paper was carried out by Miss A. Laird, Mr A. E. Sutton and Mr R. B. Peel of this Laboratory. The paper is published by permission of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.

Fluctuations in the haemoglobin content of Daphnia

1949 ◽  
Vol 136 (884) ◽  
pp. 388-399 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Brood Pouch ◽  
Oxygen Deficit ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Parthenogenetic Female ◽  
Algal Food ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Haemoglobin Content ◽  
Haemoglobin Synthesis

Pond-dwelling species of Daphnia are known to synthesize blood haemoglobin in poorly aerated natural w aters. It has now been found that a lake plankton species, the blood of which is colourless in nature, also synthesizes haemoglobin in artificial conditions of oxygen deficit. Haemoglobin formation in Daphnia , resulting from a low oxygen content of the water, increases with the amount of algal food eaten, up to a certain nutritional level. Chlorophyll in the food has not been found to favour haemoglobin synthesis. In the water of ponds harbouring red Daphnia we have found no factor stimulating haemo­globin synthesis other than oxygen deficit. The haemoglobin content of the blood of Daphnia varies within each instar. It is least when eggs are laid by the parthenogenetic female in her brood pouch and greatest when the eggs have developed into late-stage embryos ready to be released. After this, during the few hours before the moult and the laying of more eggs, the haemoglobin content of the blood decreases rapidly. At the same time the ovaries gain haemoglobin. This implies that haemoglobin passes from the blood into the ovaries shortly before the eggs are laid. During the development of the eggs in the brood pouch, the blood of the female gradually reacquires its full haemoglobin content.

The Effect of Oxygen on the Fluorescence Quenching of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Two- Component Mixtures of CCl4 with Cyclohexane, Benzene and Acetonitrile

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 707-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Chojnowski ◽  
Wieslaw M. Wiczk ◽  
Tadeusz Latowski
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetimes ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

AbstractFluorescence quenching of anthracene and perylene has been studied in deoxygenated and nondeoxygenated two-component mixtures of CCl4 with cyclohexane, benzene and acetonitrile. It was indicate that the dissolved oxygen only reduces the fluorescence lifetimes of the hydrocarbons, thus suppressing the efficiency of quenching

Effect of oxygen-transfer rate on production of L-asparaginase by Erwinia aroideae

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1153-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Liu ◽  
J. E. Zajic
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Oxygen Transfer Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Oxygen Requirement ◽  
Asparaginase Activity ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

A variety of aeration and agitation conditions were used to investigate the oxygen demand of Erwinia aroideae for growth and L-asparaginase production in a 14-liter fermenter. Maximum L-asparaginase activity of 4.25 IU/ml was obtained when the fermentation medium was aerated at 0.5 volumes air per volume medium per minute and agitated at 500 rpm. However, the specific L-asparaginase activity was not affected significantly by the rate of oxygen transfer. In most instances the level of dissolved oxygen decreased to zero before harvesting. KLa rather than dissolved oxygen as measured during the fermentation cycle is a more satisfactory index to determine the oxygen requirement for cell growth and asparaginase production. The optimum level of KLa for L-asparaginase production was 0.98 min−1. However, a higher value of KLa of 1.2–1.9 min−1 was needed to achieve the highest growth.

Haematological changes during development of the noisy miner: implications for oxygen transport

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Bolton ◽  
John Baldwin ◽  
Alan Lill
Keyword(s):  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Erythrocyte Volume ◽  
Nestling Development ◽  
Constant Change ◽  
Noisy Miner ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Haemoglobin Content ◽  
Oxygen Carrying Capacity

Changes in erythrocyte numbers and size, haematocrit and blood haemoglobin concentration in noisy miner (Manorina melanocephala) nestlings were documented from measurements taken on wild individuals during development. Haematocrit, whole-blood haemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte count increased during development by factors of 2.0, 2.4 and 3.5, respectively. The increases were continuous and occurred at fairly constant rates throughout development, but typical adult values were not attained at fledging. Mean erythrocyte volume and mean erythrocyte haemoglobin content decreased continuously during nestling development. The estimated 2.4-fold increase in oxygen carrying capacity of the blood during development stemmed primarily from the increase in erythrocyte numbers. The reduction in erythrocyte volume would be expected to enhance oxygen delivery by increasing oxygen-diffusion rates. This pattern of constant change in blood parameters resembled that reported for species with standard, rather than unusually slow, rates of nestling development. We suggest that it reflects the fact that noisy miner nestlings grow relatively rapidly, perhaps because it reduces the exposure of nestlings to predation.

scholarly journals The effect of dissolved oxygen on microgreen productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Alexander Grishin ◽  
Andrey Grishin ◽  
Natalia Semenova ◽  
Vladimir Grishin ◽  
Inna Knyazeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Multicomponent Mixtures ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

The effect of oxygen dissolved in water was researched (1.3 mg/l – without saturation, 6.1 mg/l – air saturation, 14.7 mg/l – oxygen saturation) on the microgreen productivity of “Ivolga” variety wheat of and ‘Aida’ variety lentils. It was found that the enrichment of water for seed germination with oxygen stimulates the speedy germination and receipt of wheat and lentils sprouts 1 day faster than in the variant without saturation. An increase in oxygen concentration contributes to the rapid root system growth of the researched cultures, stimulates the formation of 2 order roots, accelerates the development of the overhead plant parts without dry weight loss. On the 7th day of cultivation, the wet weight of wheat increased by 21% in the variant with air saturation and 56% with oxygen saturation, wet weight of lentils – by 57% and 77%, respectively. Both a deficiency and an excess of oxygen in water can adversely affect the content of basic pigments. Therefore, it is necessary to select the species composition of cultures for composing multicomponent mixtures, to obtain higher microgreen quality when grown on oxygen-rich solutions.

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