scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV infection among patients undergoing haemodialysis in Buenos Aires, Argentina

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías J. Pereson ◽  
Alfredo P. Martínez ◽  
Katia Isaac ◽  
Gustavo Laham ◽  
Ezequiel Ridruejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hcv Genotyping

Introduction. Blood-borne infections are a major cause of harm in individuals on haemodialysis (HD). In particular, knowledge about hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status in HD patients is a major concern, since these infections may cause comorbidities in this setting. There is a paucity of data regarding this issue in Argentina. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. The epidemiological surveillance of HBV, HCV, and HIV is a fundamental tool for planning and implementing health strategies in order to prevent and control viral transmission of these viral agents. Aim. To determine the seroprevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV infections in HD patients in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methodology. Seven hundred and forty-eight HD patients were included in a retrospective cross-sectional study. Serological assays were performed to determine HBV, HCV and HIV status. HBV HBsAg and anti-HBc IgG were analysed using AxSYM (samples before 2010) or the Architect Abbott system (samples since 2010), anti-HCV IgG testing was performed using the anti-HCV enzyme immunoassay AxSYM HCV V3.0 and ARCHITECT anti-HCV, while HIV was tested for using AxSYM HIV 1/2 gO and ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combination. HCV genotyping was carried out by phylogenetic analysis of the NS5B partial gene. Results. Infection with one of the viruses was detected in 31.1 % of patients [HBV in 82 (11.0 %), HCV in 179 (23.9 %) and HIV in 6 (0.8 %)]. Thirty-two (4.3 %) patients had 2 virus markers [27 (3.6 %) with HCV/HBV, 4 (0.5 %) with HCV/HIV and 1 (0.13 %) with HBV/HIV]. Finally, a single patient (0.13 %) presented all three markers. Time on dialysis was correlated with HCV but not with HBV infection. The HCV subtype distribution in HD patients was inverted with respect to that observed in the general population (HCV-1a 73.2 % and HCV-1b 26.8 % in HD vs HCV-1a 26.5 % and HCV-1b 73.5 % in the general population, P <0.001). Conclusion. Despite the implementation of universal precautionary biosafety standards for dialysis, infection with HBV and HCV continues to occur at very high rates in HD patients. The results emphasize the need to carry out proactive tasks for early diagnosis and treatment of infected individuals and to vaccinate those with non-protective antiHBs antibodies in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in HD patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV infection among patients undergoing hemodialysis in Argentina

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matias Javier Pereson ◽  
Alfredo Martinez ◽  
Katia Isaac ◽  
Gustavo Laham ◽  
Ezequiel Ridruejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hcv Genotyping

Background and Aim: Blood-borne infections are a major cause of damage in individuals on hemodialysis (HD). In particular, knowledge about the viral status of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in HD patients is gold data to face medical challenges. Related information is scarce in Argentina. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV infections in HD patients from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methods: Seven hundred and forty-eight HD patients were included in a retrospective cross-sectional study. Laboratories assays were performed to determine virological status. HCV genotyping was carried out by phylogenetic analysis of NS5B partial gene. Results: Infection with one of the viruses was detected in 31.1% of patients [HBV in 82 (11.0%), HCV in 179 (23.9%), and HIV in 6 (0.8%)]. Thirty-two (4.3%) patients had two virus markers [27 (3.6%) with HCV/HBV, 4 (0.5%) with HCV/HIV and 1 (0.13%) with HBV/HIV]. Finally, one single patient (0.13%) presented all three markers. Time on dialysis was correlated with HCV infection but no with HBV. Distribution of HCV subtypes was inverted respect to the observed in general population [HCV-1a (73.2%) and HCV-1b (26.8%) in HD vs. HCV-1a (26.5%) and HCV-1b (73.5%) in general population, p<0.001]. Conclusions: These infections, mainly HCV, continue to occur at a very high rate in HD patients. Results emphasize the need to consider a priority the HCV infected patients in dialysis treatment and to vaccine against HBV in order to decrease its morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Innovative approach for enhancing awareness of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C in the general population: the BaroTest 2016 study protocol (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Lydié ◽  
Leila Saboni ◽  
Arnaud Gautier ◽  
Cécile Brouard ◽  
Stéphane Chevaliez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
General Population ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Spots ◽  
To Receive

UNSTRUCTURED Background. Despite substantial screening for HIV, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in France, a great number of infected persons remain undiagnosed. In this context, Santé publique France experimented with a new screening approach for HBV, HCV, and HIV infection, based on home self-sampling using dried blood spot (DBS) for blood collection. The objectives of the BaroTest study were to assess the acceptability and feasibility of this approach and to update the prevalence estimates of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections in the general population. Methods/design. Participants were enrolled using the 2016 Health Barometer, a national cross-sectional telephone survey based on a large representative sample of the general population aged 15 to 75 years (N=15000). Upon completion of the questionnaire, eligible persons were invited to receive a self-sampling kit delivered by standard postal mail and to return the DBS card to the laboratory. The laboratory then was responsible for reporting the results to the study participant. Acceptability of the protocol was based on the percentage of eligible individuals agreeing to receive the self-sampling kit, on the proportion of people returning the DBS card and, finally, on the proportion of participants out of the total eligible population. The feasibility of the approach was based on the number of participants with adequately filled blood spots and the number of participants with blood spots for which at least one virological analysis could be performed. A complex system of reminders was implemented to increase the participation rate. Accordingly, we assumed that 35% of eligible persons would accept and return their DBS card, representing approximately 5,000 individuals. Since the highest expected prevalence was for HBV infection, estimated at 0.65% in 2004, 5,000 persons would make it possible to estimate this prevalence with an accuracy of approximately 0.22%. All indicators can be analysed according to the characteristics of the participants collected in the Health Barometer questionnaire. Discussion. The BaroTest results will help to inform new strategies for HIV, hepatitis B and C screening and - if the study’s acceptability and feasibility results prove conclusive – will encourage the expansion of the current screening offer to include home self-sampling. BaroTest was linked to a randomised telephone survey, which uses a complex call protocol to increase the likelihood of interviewing hard-to-reach individuals and to achieve a high response rate. The Health Barometer provides a reliable updated assessment of the burden of HBV, HCV and HIV infections in the general population in France, while reducing the costs typically associated with this type of research. Trial registration. BaroTest was approved by the French Ethics Committee (05/11/2015) and the Commission on Information Technology and Liberties (24/12/2015). The study has been registered by the French medical authority under number 2015-A01252-47 on 10/11/2015.

Hepatitis B, C, and HIV Infections among blood Donors at Several Hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-126
Author(s):  
Shafia Arshad ◽  
Amina Arif ◽  
Rafique Ahmad ◽  
Zeemal Seemab ◽  
Faiqa Shaheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Demographic Risk

The study's objectives are to find out the frequency of hepatitis C, B, and HIV infection among blood donors at different hospitals of Lahore; to understand the relationship of demographic risk factors contributing to the positive cases of hepatitis C, B, and HIV. A cross-sectional study with random sampling in which 200 blood donors participated. A questionnaire was used to record the social and personal practices.  A small percentage of blood donors have a history of jaundice. More than one-fourth had undergone surgical intervention, and more than one-third had suffered a needle stick injury. The vast majority had a history of I/V injections/drips, tooth extraction/dental operations, or both. 10.5% of blood donors were Anti-HBV positive, 12.5% were Anti-HCV positive, and 0.5% were HIV positive. Shaving from community barbers should be avoided. In addition, to overcome hepatitis B, C, and HIV transmission, health education programs should be held among blood donors and the general public to prevent them from infection.

scholarly journals Perfil epidemiológico e características de coinfecções associadas às pessoas soropositivas

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Lins Werneck ◽  
Thais De Oliveira ◽  
Maria Amélia Zanon Ponce ◽  
Sonia Aparecida Da Cruz Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hépatite B ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Objetivo: determinar a prevalência, o perfil epidemiológico e as características associadas à coinfecção pelos vírus das hepatites A, B, C, sífilis e TB entre indivíduos infectados pelo vírus HIV. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal. Compôs-se a amostra com 161 pacientes, e realizou-se a análise dos dados a partir das informações do prontuário de pacientes coinfectados pelos vírus das hepatites B, C, sífilis e TB entre infectados pelo vírus HIV. Apresentaram-se os resultados em forma de tabelas. Resultados: nota-se que a maioria eram homens (81,37%), na faixa etária de 21 a 40 anos (67,08%), coinfectados (89,90%), solteiros (73,91%), homossexuais (49,69%), com três ou mais parceiros durante a vida (94,64%), sendo pacientes que usaram drogas (86,35%) e os que usam drogas atualmente (64,60%). Relatou-se mais o uso de preservativos como “às vezes” por 81,37% da amostra. Conclusão: concluiu-se que todos os indivíduos infectados pelo vírus HIV apresentam perfil epidemiológico associado aos vírus das hepatites A, B, C, sífilis e TB. Mostrou-se, pela relação de prevalência, que indivíduos coinfectados tendem a possuir sífilis e hepatite B. Descritores: Soropositividade Para HIV; Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas Com o HIV; Coinfecção Por HIV; Hepatite B; Hepatite C; Sífilis.ABSTRACTObjective: to determine the prevalence, epidemiological profile and characteristics associated with hepatitis A, B, C, syphilis and TB virus coinfection among HIV-infected individuals. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 161 patients, and data analysis was performed based on information from the medical records of patients co-infected with hepatitis B, C, syphilis and TB viruses among those infected with HIV. Results were presented in tables. Results: most of them were men (81.37%), aged between 21 and 40 years (67.08%), co-infected (89.90%), single (73.91%), homosexual ( 49.69%), with three or more partners during life (94.64%), being patients who used drugs (86.35%) and those who currently use drugs (64.60%). Condom use was reported as “sometimes” by 81.37% of the sample. Conclusion: it was concluded that all individuals infected with HIV have an epidemiological profile associated with hepatitis A, B, C, syphilis and TB viruses. The prevalence ratio showed that co-infected individuals tend to have syphilis and hepatitis B. Descriptors: HIV Seropositivity; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; HIV Infections; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Syphilis.RESUMENObjetivo: determinar la prevalencia, el perfil epidemiológico y las características asociadas con la hepatitis A, B, C, la sífilis y la coinfección por el virus de la tuberculosis en personas infectadas por el VIH. Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal. La muestra consistió en 161 pacientes, y el análisis de datos se realizó con base en la información de los registros médicos de pacientes coinfectados con virus de hepatitis B, C, sífilis y TB entre aquellos infectados con VIH. Los resultados se presentaron en tablas. Resultados: la mayoría de ellos eran hombres (81.37%), con edades comprendidas entre 21 y 40 años (67.08%), coinfectados (89.90%), solteros (73.91%), homosexuales (49.69%), con tres o más parejas durante la vida (94.64%), siendo pacientes que usaron drogas (86.35%) y aquellos que actualmente usan drogas (64.60%). El uso de condones se informó como "a veces" en el 81,37% de la muestra. Conclusión: se concluyó que todas las personas infectadas con VIH tienen un perfil epidemiológico asociado con los virus de la hepatitis A, B, C, sífilis y TB. La razón de prevalencia mostró que las personas coinfectadas tienden a tener sífilis y hepatitis B. Descriptores: Seropositividad Para HIV; Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas com el SIDA; Infecciones por VIH; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Sífilis.

scholarly journals Nurses’ Knowledge toward Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in Guilan, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Joukar ◽  
Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei ◽  
Mohammad Reza Naghipour ◽  
Tolou Hasandokht
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) represent high risk population for viral hepatitis infection. Objectives: This study sought to assess the knowledge of HCWs regarding hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infection. Methods: In a multi-center cross sectional study, all HCWs from eight teaching hospitals were invited to participate in the study and to fill in a self-administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 1008 eligible HCWs have responded to the study. A high proportion of the study participants (55.4% and 52.9%) had unsatisfactory knowledge about HBV and HCV. Mean knowledge score toward HBV was significantly higher among more educated staff, p <0.001 and vaccinated personnel, P=0.02. Majority of responders answered correctly to transmission questions toward HBV and HCV (90% and 80%, respectively). There was statistically significant difference in only transmission domain score between various hospitals (p<0.05). The highest scores were related to surgical hospital. Conclusion: Although more than ninety percent of our participants were educated about HBV and HCV, knowledge about nature of disease, prevention, treatment and vaccine availability was unsatisfactory. Continuous training program toward viral infection is a matter of necessity.

scholarly journals CORRELATION OF VIROLOGICAL AND CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B & C CO-INFECTION

1969 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 463-468
Author(s):  
JAVED IQBAL FAROOQI ◽  
RUKHSANAJAVED FAROOQI ◽  
RIAZMUHAMMAD ◽  
ZAFAR ALI ◽  
ABDURREHMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Both HBV super-infection in patients with chronic hepatitis C and HCV super-infectionin patients with chronic hepatitis B have been reported. In case of co-infection, hepatitis B and C interactwith each other and affect immune responses resulting in active HCV with inactive HBV, active HBVwith inactive HCV, both active and both inactive. The objective of our study was to find out andcorrelate the virological and clinical profile in our patients with chronic hepatitis B and C co-infection.Material and Methods: This observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted atMedical ‘A’ Ward, PGMI, LRH Peshawar and Author’s Private Hepatology Clinic, from July 2010 toJune 2014. All patients with HBsAg and Anti-HCV Reactive by ELISA for more than six months wereincluded in the study. Following investigations were carried out in these patients: Serum ALT, HBeAg,anti-HBe, HBV DNA PCR, HCV RNA PCR, and abdominal ultrasound. Data was entered and analyzedusing SPSS version 16.0.Results: A total of 130 patients were included in the analysis, out of which 81 (62.3%) were males.Mean age of patients was 40.52±14.27 years. Majority of patients belonged to age-group of 21-30 years.Mean serum ALT of patients was 83.69±60.48 U/L. Majority of patients belonged to ALT-Group of 41-80 U/L. Hepatitis C Virus was the dominant virus in 53% of patients. Chronic Hepatitis was thedominant clinical profile in 73% of patients.Conclusion: Hepatitis C Virus is the dominant virus in our patients with BC co-infection. There is nostatistically significant association between virological and clinical profile of these patients.Key Words: Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, BC Co-infection, Chronic Hepatitis, Cirrhosis,Hepatocellular Carcinoma

scholarly journals Reporting the Undiagnosed Cases of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Viruses among Patients Undergoing Elective Eye Surgery in a Specialized Eye Hospital in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Dahab ◽  
Maha Mohamed Youssef ◽  
Hany Mohamed Eid ◽  
Khaled W. Elsadi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Surgery ◽  
B Virus ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hepatitis C Viruses

Introduction. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and their long-term sequelae are considered a major health issue in Egypt. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among patients admitted for elective eye surgery in a specialized eye hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a specialized eye hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The study included consecutive patients admitted for elective eye surgery in the period from April 2015 to June 2016. Age, sex, and procedure done were recorded for all patients. All the subjects were screened for HBV and HCV by rapid chromatography immunoassay; if positive, the results had to be confirmed by ELISA. Results. 3067 patients admitted for elective eye surgery were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 50.85 ± 19.77 years. There were 1592 (51.9%) males and 1475 (48.1%) females. The prevalence of preoperative positive HBV and HCV was 7/3067 (0.2%) and 381/3067 (12.4%), respectively. Conclusion. Given the high prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in our population in general and in this study specifically, all patients admitted for surgery should be screened for both viruses.

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