Biofilm formation by Staphylococcus capitis strains isolated from contaminated platelet concentrates

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1917-1917
Author(s):  
Valerie S. Greco-Stewart ◽  
Hamza Ali ◽  
Dilini Kumaran ◽  
M. Kalab ◽  
Ineke G. H. Rood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis

Biofilm formation by Staphylococcus capitis strains isolated from contaminated platelet concentrates

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1051-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie S. Greco-Stewart ◽  
Hamza Ali ◽  
Dilini Kumaran ◽  
M. Kalab ◽  
Ineke G. H. Rood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Sodium Metaperiodate ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis ◽  
Skin Disinfection ◽  
Skin Flora

Bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates (PCs) poses the greatest infectious risk in modern transfusion medicine despite the implementation of measures such as improved skin disinfection and first aliquot diversion. The majority of PC contaminants are commensal skin flora introduced by venipuncture at the time of blood collection. The predominant organisms are Gram-positive coagulase-negative staphylococci such as Staphylococcus capitis. This bacterium has been implicated in numerous instances of infection and sepsis, likely for its ability to form surface-associated communities of micro-organisms encased in extracellular materials, known as biofilms. In the present study, five strains of S. capitis isolated from contaminated PCs were assessed for their ability to produce extracellular polysaccharide (slime), a canonical indicator of biofilm-formation ability, on Congo red agar plates. Biofilm formation was evaluated in both glucose-enriched trypticase soy broth (TSBg) and in PCs by using a crystal violet staining assay. The chemical nature of the biofilms was evaluated by disruption assays using sodium metaperiodate and proteinase K. In addition, biofilm architecture was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The presence of the biofilm-associated icaR and icaADBC genes was also examined by PCR. While only two out of the five S. capitis strains formed biofilms in TSBg, all strains formed biofilms in PCs. The ability of strains to produce extracellular polysaccharide and their possession of wild-type ica genes were not exclusive predictors of biofilm formation in TSBg or PCs; different profiles of biofilm markers were observed among isolates. This is likely due to the proteinaceous composition of the S. capitis biofilm matrix. Interestingly, an ica-negative, non-slime-producing isolate was capable of biofilm formation in PCs. Together, these data indicate that the platelet storage environment stimulates biofilm formation in S. capitis in the absence of extracellular polysaccharide production and that multiple bacterial factors and regulatory elements are likely involved in biofilm formation in this milieu.

Characterization of biofilm producing methicillin resistant coagulase negative Staphylococci from India

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermis ◽  
Staphylococcus Hominis

Abstract Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) cause infectious diseases due to their potential to form biofilm and further colonization in hospital materials. This study evaluated the antibiotic susceptible phenotypes, biofilm-producing ability, and biofilm-associated genes (mecA, icaAD, bap, cna, and fnbA). Biofilm formation was detected through Congo red agar (CRA) method and MTP method. The presence of biofilm and associated genes in MR-CoNS were detected by PCR. A total of 310 (55.95%) isolates produced the biofilm. Among these isolates, Staphylococcus haemolyticus (34.83%), Staphylococcus epidermis (31.93%), Staphylococcus capitis (16.77%), Staphylococcus cohnii (10.96%), and Staphylococcus hominis (5.48%) were identified. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of CoNS isolates indicated resistance to cefoxitin (100%), erythromycin (94.8%), ciprofloxacin (66.7%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (66.7%), gentamicin (66.12%), and clindamycin (62.9%). Resistance rate to mupirocin was 48.5% in S. epidermidis and 38.9% in S. haemolyticus isolates. All isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. The prevalence rates of icaAD, bap, fnbA, and cna were 18.06%, 12.5%, 47.4%, and 27.4%, respectively. icaAD and bap genes were detected in 18.06% and 12.5% of MR-CoNS isolates. fnbA and cna genes were detected in 47.41% and 27.41% of MRCoNS isolates. icaAD positive strains exhibited a significant increase in the biofilm formation compared with those that lacked icaAD (0.86 (0.42, 1.39) versus 0.36 (0.14, 0.75), respectively; P < 0.001). In conclusion, the majority of MR-CoNS isolates were biofilm producers, and S. capitis, which possessed icaAD genes, ranked as the great biofilm producer than other Staphylococcus. The study’s findings are important to form a strategy to control biofilm formation as an alternative strategy to counter the spread of MR-CoNS in healthcare settings.

scholarly journals Testing Laser-Structured Antimicrobial Surfaces Under Space Conditions: The Design of the ISS Experiment BIOFILMS

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Siems ◽  
Daniel W. Müller ◽  
Laurens Maertens ◽  
Aisha Ahmed ◽  
Rob Van Houdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Antimicrobial Surfaces ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Materials ◽  
Direct Laser ◽  
Inert Surfaces

Maintaining crew health and safety are essential goals for long-term human missions to space. Attaining these goals requires the development of methods and materials for sustaining the crew’s health and safety. Paramount is microbiological monitoring and contamination reduction. Microbial biofilms are of special concern, because they can cause damage to spaceflight equipment and are difficult to eliminate due to their increased resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants. The introduction of antimicrobial surfaces for medical, pharmaceutical and industrial purposes has shown a unique potential for reducing and preventing biofilm formation. This article describes the development process of ESA’s BIOFILMS experiment, that will evaluate biofilm formation on various antimicrobial surfaces under spaceflight conditions. These surfaces will be composed of different metals with and without specified surface texture modifications. Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis, Cupriavidus metallidurans and Acinetobacter radioresistens are biofilm forming organisms that have been chosen as model organisms. The BIOFILMS experiment will study the biofilm formation potential of these organisms in microgravity on the International Space Station on inert surfaces (stainless steel AISI 304) as well as antimicrobial active copper (Cu) based metals that have undergone specific surface modification by Ultrashort Pulsed Direct Laser Interference Patterning (USP-DLIP). Data collected in 1 x g has shown that these surface modifications enhance the antimicrobial activity of Cu based metals. In the scope of this, the interaction between the surfaces and bacteria, which is highly determined by topography and surface chemistry, will be investigated. The data generated will be indispensable for the future selection of antimicrobial materials in support of human- and robotic-associated activities in space exploration.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation and Multiplex PCR detection of icaABCD Operon in Staphylococcus capitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-234
Author(s):  
Aziyah Abdul-Aziz ◽  
Mohamad Faiz Foong Abdullah ◽  
Sharifah Aminah Syed Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Microtitre Plate ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis

Aims: The ability to form biofilm is a major virulence factor in the virulence of the Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) group of bacteria. Being the most predominant member of CoNS, the ability of S. epidermidis in causing biofilm-associated infections has been well established. On the other hand, S. capitis and has always been regard as a non-pathogenic species although recently it was found to be responsible in a variety of infections. Hence, this study aimed to determine the biofilm formation capabilities and the presence of icaABCD genes in clinical isolates of S. capitis, which have emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen in clinical settings. Methodology: S. capitis was isolated and identified from 17 out of 200 clinical samples. Biofilm formation assay was performed quantitatively using a microtitre plate method. Mulitplex PCR primers for icaABCD genes were designed from DNA sequences coding for the icaA, B, C, and D structural genes of S capitis JF930147.1 which was compared together with five other species of Staphylococcus. Amplification of the icaABCD genes was performed using the designated primers. Results: From the 17 strains of S. capitis clinical isolates, 14 were identified as S. capitis subsp capitis while the remaining three were identified as S. capitis subsp ureolyticus. Except for two of the S. capitis subsp capitis isolates, the remaining strains were able to form biofilm, with majority of them were strong biofilm formers. Multiplex PCR was successful in amplifying the four icaABCD genes which was demonstrated in all the S. capitis isolates, including the two non-biofilm forming isolates. Conclusion: Majority of the S. capitis isolates were able to form biofilm phenotypically suggesting the possibility in causing opportunistic infections through indwelling medical devices. Multiplex PCR however was able to detect the presence of the icaABCD genes in all the S. capitis isolates. This suggests that the biofilm assessment on microtitre plate is not a definitive tool in determining the production of polysaccharide intercellular adhesion (PIA) but the production of the icaABCD genes could be a better assessment in determining biofilm production in Staphylococcus.

Study on Biofilm Formation and Multiplex PCR of icaABCD Operon in Staphylococcus capitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-138
Author(s):  
Aziyah Abdul-Aziz ◽  
Mohamad Faiz Foong Abdullah ◽  
Sharifah Aminah Syed Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis

Antimicrobial peptides: an effective approach to prevent bacterial biofilm formation in platelet concentrates

Transfusion ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 2013-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshari Alabdullatif ◽  
Chintamani D. Atreya ◽  
Sandra Ramirez-Arcos
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Platelet Concentrates

scholarly journals Biofilm-Forming Ability of Microbacterium lacticum and Staphylococcus capitis Considering Physicochemical and Topographical Surface Properties

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Elena Zand ◽  
Hedwig Pfanner ◽  
Konrad J. Domig ◽  
Gerhard Sinn ◽  
Marija Zunabovic-Pichler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Surface Coverage ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis ◽  
Total Surface Free Energy ◽  
Biofilm Structure

Biofilm characteristics of Microbacterium lacticum D84 (M. lacticum) and Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis (S. capitis) on polytetrafluoroethylene and AISI-304 stainless steel at early- (24, 48 h) and late-stage (144, 192 h) biofilm formation were investigated. M. lacticum biofilm structure was more developed compared to S. capitis, representing vastly mature biofilms with a strongly developed amorphous matrix, possibly extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), at late-stage biofilm formation. S. capitis showed faster growth behavior but still resulted in a relatively flat biofilm structure. Strong correlations were found between several roughness parameters and S. capitis surface coverage (r ≥ 0.98), and between total surface free energy (γs) and S. capitis surface coverage (r = 0.89), while M. lacticum remained mostly unaffected. The pronounced ubiquitous biofilm characteristics make M. lacticum D84 a suitable model for biofilm research. Studying biofilm formation of these bacteria may help one understand bacterial adhesion on interfaces and hence reduce biofilm formation in the food industry.

PEGylation prevents bacteria-induced platelet activation and biofilm formation in platelet concentrates

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Greco ◽  
E. Maurer-Spurej ◽  
M. D. Scott ◽  
M. Kalab ◽  
N. Nakane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Platelet Concentrates

scholarly journals Association of Staphylococcal Populations on Teatcups of Milking Parlours with Vaccination against Staphylococcal Mastitis in Sheep and Goat Farms

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Charalambia K. Michael ◽  
Daphne T. Lianou ◽  
Natalia G.C. Vasileiou ◽  
Katerina Tsilipounidaki ◽  
Angeliki I. Katsafadou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staphylococcus Capitis ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Staphylococcus Equorum

There is a paucity of information regarding staphylococcal populations on teatcups of milking parlours in sheep and goat farms. The objectives were to describe the populations of staphylococci on teatcups in milking parlours in sheep or goat farms in two field investigations throughout Greece and to potentially associate the findings with the use of anti-staphylococcal mastitis vaccinations in the farms visited during the two investigations. In a cross-sectional (255 sheep and 66 goat farms across Greece) and a longitudinal (12 sheep farms, four samplings, throughout lactation) study, swab samples were collected from 1418 teatcups (upper and lower part) for staphylococcal recovery, identification and assessment of biofilm-formation. A total of 328 contaminated teatcups (23.1%) were found in 105 sheep (41.2%) and 35 goat (53.0%) farms. Staphylococci were more frequently recovered from the upper than the lower part of teatcups: 269 versus 139 teatcups, respectively. After identification, 253 staphylococcal isolates were found: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus equorum, Staphylococcus lentus, and Staphylococcus capitis predominated. Of these isolates, 87.4% were biofilm-forming. The proportion of contaminated teatcups was smaller in farms where vaccination against anti-staphylococcal mastitis in general or vaccination specifically against mastitis caused specifically by biofilm-forming staphylococcal strains was applied, 19.7% or 10.9%, respectively, versus 25.5% in farms without vaccination. In the longitudinal study, contaminated teatcups were identified in 28 (58.3%) sampling occasions, with staphylococci being recovered more frequently from their upper part. The same species as in the cross-sectional study predominated. Of these isolates, 61.9% were biofilm-forming. In farms where vaccination against mastitis caused specifically by biofilm-forming staphylococcal strains was applied, the proportion of contaminated teatcups was smaller: 20.4% versus 48.3% in farms without vaccination. There were no differences in proportions of contaminated teatcups between sampling occasions. In conclusion, the great majority of staphylococci recovered from teatcups of milking parlours in sheep and goat farms included biofilm-forming isolates. Reduced staphylococcal isolation was noted in farms where anti-staphylococcal vaccination was performed; this was possibly the effect of reduced excretion of staphylococci in the milk of vaccinated animals.

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