scholarly journals Genetic diversity and transmission patterns of Burkholderia pseudomallei on Hainan island, China, revealed by a population genomics analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyuan Zheng ◽  
Jingliang Qin ◽  
Hai Chen ◽  
Hongyan Hu ◽  
Xianglilan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries ◽  
Group 1

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a Gram-negative soil-dwelling bacillus that causes melioidosis, a frequently fatal infectious disease, in tropical and subtropical regions. Previous studies have identified the overall genetic and evolutionary characteristics of B. pseudomallei on a global scale, including its origin and transmission routes. However, beyond its known hyperendemicity foci in northern Australia and Southeast Asia, the distribution and genetic characteristics of B. pseudomallei in most tropical regions remain poorly understood, including in southern China. Here, we sequenced the genomes of 122 B. pseudomallei strains collected from Hainan, an island in southern China, in 2002–2018, to investigate the population structure, relationships with global strains, local epidemiology, and virulence and antimicrobial-resistance factors. A phylogenetic analysis and hierarchical clustering divided the Hainan strains into nine phylogenic groups (PGs), 80 % of which were concentrated within five major groups (group 1: corresponding to minor sequence types [STs], 12.3 %; group 3: ST46 and ST50, 31.1 %; group 9: ST58, 13.1 %; group 11: ST55, 8.2 %; group 15: mainly ST658, 15.6%). A phylogenetic analysis that included global strains suggested that B. pseudomallei in Hainan originated from Southeast Asian countries, transmitted in multiple historical importation events. We also identified several mutual transmission events between Hainan and Southeast Asian countries in recent years, including three importation events from Thailand and Singapore to Hainan and three exportation events from Hainan to Singapore, Malaysia, and Taiwan island. A statistical analysis of the temporal distribution showed that the Hainan strains of groups 3, 9, and 15 have dominated the disease epidemic locally in the last 5 years. The spatial distribution of the Hainan strains demonstrated that some PGs are distributed in different cities on Hainan island, and by combining phylogenic and geographic distribution information, we detected 21 between-city transmission events, indicating its frequent local transmission. The detection of virulence factor genes showed that 56 % of the Hainan strains in group 1 encode a B. pseudomallei -specific adherence factor, boaB, confirming the specific pathogenic characteristics of the Hainan strains in group 1. An analysis of the antimicrobial-resistance potential of B. pseudomallei showed that various kinds of alterations were identified in clinically relevant antibiotic resistance factors, such as AmrR, PenA and PBP3, etc. Our results clarify the population structure, local epidemiology, and pathogenic characteristics of B. pseudomallei in Hainan, providing further insight into its regional and global transmission networks and improving our knowledge of its global phylogeography.

scholarly journals Whole-genome comparative analysis of Malaysian Burkholderia pseudomallei clinical isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad-Kamal Ghazali ◽  
Su-Anne Eng ◽  
Jia-Shiun Khoo ◽  
Seddon Teoh ◽  
Chee-Choong Hoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
The Difference

Burkholderia pseudomallei , a soil-dwelling Gram-negative bacterium, is the causative agent of the endemic tropical disease melioidosis. Clinical manifestations of B. pseudomallei infection range from acute or chronic localized infection in a single organ to fulminant septicaemia in multiple organs. The diverse clinical manifestations are attributed to various factors, including the genome plasticity across B. pseudomallei strains. We previously characterized B. pseudomallei strains isolated in Malaysia and noted different levels of virulence in model hosts. We hypothesized that the difference in virulence might be a result of variance at the genome level. In this study, we sequenced and assembled four Malaysian clinical B. pseudomallei isolates, UKMR15, UKMPMC2000, UKMD286 and UKMH10. Phylogenomic analysis showed that Malaysian subclades emerged from the Asian subclade, suggesting that the Malaysian strains originated from the Asian region. Interestingly, the low-virulence strain, UKMH10, was the most distantly related compared to the other Malaysian isolates. Genomic island (GI) prediction analysis identified a new island of 23 kb, GI9c, which is present in B. pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei , but not Burkholderia thailandensis . Genes encoding known B. pseudomallei virulence factors were present across all four genomes, but comparative analysis of the total gene content across the Malaysian strains identified 104 genes that are absent in UKMH10. We propose that these genes may encode novel virulence factors, which may explain the reduced virulence of this strain. Further investigation on the identity and role of these 104 proteins may aid in understanding B. pseudomallei pathogenicity to guide the design of new therapeutics for treating melioidosis.

scholarly journals Ornithinibacillus halotolerans sp. nov., isolated from a saline soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1685-1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Lu ◽  
Guiqin Yang ◽  
Chen Ma ◽  
Dongxing Qin ◽  
Dingqiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Amino Acid Type ◽  
Minor Amount ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Unknown Lipid

A Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, motile, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated GD04T, was isolated from a saline soil sample taken in southern China and was characterized by means of a polyphasic approach. Growth occurred with 0.5–12 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1–2 %) and at pH 7.0–9.5 (optimum pH 8.0) and 10–45 °C (optimum 30 °C). According to the results of a phylogenetic analysis, strain GD04T belonged to the genus Ornithinibacillus , and was related most closely to type strains of the species Ornithinibacillus bavariensis and Ornithinibacillus contaminans (96.5 and 96.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively). The peptidoglycan amino acid type was A4β, containing l-ornithine and d-aspartic acid. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7). The polar lipid profile of strain GD04T contained predominantly diphosphatidylglycerol with moderate amounts of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, an unknown phospholipid and an unknown lipid, and a minor amount of another unknown lipid. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 39.3 mol%. The dominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and genotypic data indicated that strain GD04T represents a novel species of the genus Ornithinibacillus , for which the name Ornithinibacillus halotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GD04T ( = KCTC 33116T = CGMCC 1.12408T).

scholarly journals An increase in p62/NBR1 levels in melioidosis patients of Sri Lanka exhibit a characteristic of potential host biomarker

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1240-1248
Author(s):  
Kamal U. Saikh ◽  
Cyra M. Ranji ◽  
Robert G. Ulrich ◽  
Enoka Corea ◽  
Aruna Dharshan De Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disease Biomarker ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Index Analysis ◽  
Disease Specific

Introduction. Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei , in endemic areas, poses a challenge for treating the diseased populations without accurate diagnosis, and the disease-specific biomarkers linked with the infection have yet to be reported. Due to the invasive nature of the causative agent, Burkholderia pseudomallei , host innate effector mechanisms, including autophagy are known to be activated, resulting in differential expression of cellular proteins and immune markers. Identification of a disease-specific biomarker associated with B. pseudomallei infection will be helpful to facilitate rapid confirmation of melioidosis, which would enable early treatment and therapeutic success. Aim. We aimed to assess the levels of a host autophagy component, p62/NBR1, which function as a cargo-receptor in the process of autophagy activation leading to the degradation of ubiquitin-coated intracellular bacteria in which p62/NBR1 itself is degraded in the clearance of the pathogen. We further probed the extent of intracellular p62/NBR1 degradation and assessed its potential as a melioidosis biomarker. Methodology. We analysed peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lysates using an ELISA-based assay for detecting cytosolic autophagy-related proteins p62/NBR1. We measured p62/NBR1 levels in diseased (confirmed B. pseudomallei infection) and non -diseased populations and utilized receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and max Youden index analysis for evaluating potential disease biomarker characteristics. Results. Our results revealed a three to fivefold increase in p62/NBR1 levels confirmed melioidosis cases compared to uninfected healthy donors. Comparable to p62/NBR1, levels of cytosolic LC3-I levels also increased, whereas the levels of degraded membrane bound form LC3-II was low, suggesting autophagy deficiency. Proinflammatory serum cytokine response, particularly IL-6, was consistently higher alongside B. pseudomallei infection in comparison to healthy controls. Conclusions. ROC curve and max Youden index analysis suggest that increased p62/NBR1 levels in diseased populations display characteristics of a potential disease biomarker in melioidosis and illustrates that an elevated p62/NBR1 level, in conjunction with B. pseudomallei infection associated with autophagy deficiency.

Pelistega ratti sp. nov. from Rattus norvegicus of Hainan island

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Zhou ◽  
Duanduan Xuan ◽  
Shoukui Hu ◽  
Jiang Du ◽  
Ji Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Dna Reassociation ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Pr China ◽  
Polyphasic Characterization ◽  
Maximum Similarity

Two strains (NLN63T and NLN82) of Gram-stain-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, bacilli-shaped organisms were isolated from the faecal samples of two separate Rattus norvegicus in Baisha county of Hainan Province, Southern PR China. Phylogenetic analysis based on the near full-length 16S rRNA sequences revealed that strain NLN63T belongs to the genus Pelistega , having maximum similarity to Pelistega suis CCUG 64465T (97.1 %), Pelistega europaea CCUG 39967T (96.2 %) and Pelistega indica DSM 27484T (96.2 %), respectively. The phylogenomic tree built on 553 core genes from genomes of 20 species in the genus Pelistega and other adjacent genera further confirmed that strains NLN63T and NLN82 form a distinct subline and exhibit specific phylogenetic affinity with P. europaea CCUG 39967T. In digital DNA–DNA hybridization analyses, strain NLN63T showed low estimated DNA reassociation values (21.4–22.6 %) with the type strains of the species in the genus Pelistega . The DNA G+C contents of strains NLN63T and NLN82 were 37.3 and 37.1 mol%, respectively. Strain NLN63T had a unique MALDI-TOF MS profile, contained Q-8 as the major quinone and C16 : 0, summed feature 8 (C18 : 1  ω7c/C18 : 1  ω6c or both) and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1  ω7c/C16 : 1  ω6c or both) as the dominant fatty acids. Based upon these polyphasic characterization data obtained from the present study, a novel species of the genus Pelistega , Pelistega ratti sp. nov., is proposed with NLN63T (=GDMCC 1.1697T=JCM 33788T) as the type strain.

Tumebacillus flagellatus sp. nov., an α-amylase/pullulanase-producing bacterium isolated from cassava wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3138-3142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingyan Wang ◽  
Nengzhong Xie ◽  
Yan Qin ◽  
Naikun Shen ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

A novel α-amylase/pullulanase-producing bacterium, designated strain GST4T, was isolated from samples collected from the wastewater of a cassava starch factory in Nanning, Guangxi Autonomous Region, southern China. Cells of strain GST4T were rod-shaped bacilli containing ellipsoidal terminal spores and found to be Gram-reaction-positive, aerobic, motile, oxidase-positive, catalase-negative and formed light yellow colonies on agar plates. Strain GST4T was able to grow at pH 4.5–8.5 (optimum at pH 5.5), temperatures ranging from 20 to 42 °C (optimum at 37 °C) and salt concentrations of 0–1 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum at 0.5 %, w/v) on R2A medium. Strain GST4T grew heterotrophically on complex carbon substrates and chemolithoautotrophically on inorganic sulfur compounds, as demonstrated by growth on sodium thiosulfate and sulfite as sole electron donors. It can reduce nitrate and nitrite. Strain GST4T contained iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major cellular fatty acids and menaquinone 7 (MK-7) as the major respiratory quinone. The cell-wall peptidoglycan was of type A1γ. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain GST4T was 53.7 mol%. Physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics combined with phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain GST4T was a member of the genus Tumebacillus and most closely related to Tumebacillus permanentifrigoris DSM 18773T and Tumebacillus ginsengisoli DSM 18389T with 97.3 and 94.5 % sequence similarity, respectively. The DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain GST4T and T. permanentifrigoris DSM 18773T, and strain GST4T and T. ginsengisoli DSM 18389T were 44.0 and 60.4 %, respectively. The new isolate differed from those species of the genus Tumebacillus in that it has peritrichous flagella for motility. Based on the evidence obtained from this study, strain GST4T represents a novel species of the genus Tumebacillus , for which the name Tumebacillus flagellatus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GST4T ( = CGMCC 1.12170T = DSM 25748T).

scholarly journals CTX-M-type ESBL-mediated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and conjugative transfer of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitals in Tamil Nadu, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Nachimuthu ◽  
Velu Rajesh Kannan ◽  
Bulent Bozdogan ◽  
Vaithilingam Krishnakumar ◽  
Karutha Pandian S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins ◽  
Group 1

Clinical pathogens, especially Gram-negative bacteria developing resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, are making clinical outcomes more complicated and serious. This study was undertaken to evaluate the distribution of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Tamil Nadu, India. For this study, clinical samples were collected from five different hospitals located in Tamil Nadu and the ESBL-producing Gram-negative isolates were characterized. MIC was performed using cefotaxime and ceftazidime. The bla ESBL-producing genes were screened using multiplex PCR for the genes, CTX-M group-1, -2, -8, -9, -26. The conjugation studies were performed using Escherichia coli AB1157 as a recipient for the isolates harbouring plasmid-borne resistance following broth-mating experiment. In total, 1500 samples were collected and 599 Gram-negative bacteria were isolated that included E. coli (n=233), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=182), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=79), Citrobacter spp. (n=30), Proteus mirabilis (n=28), Salmonella spp. (n=21), Acinetobacter baumannii (n=12), Serratia spp. (n=6), Shigella spp. (n=4), Morganella morganii (n=3) and Providencia spp. (n=1). MIC results showed that 358 isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime. Further, ESBL gene-amplification results showed that 19 isolates had CTX-M group-1 gene including E. coli (n=16), K. pneumoniae (n=2) and P. aeruginosa (n=1) whereas one M. morganii isolate had CTX-M group-9, which was plasmid-borne. Through conjugation studies, 12/20 isolates were found to be involved in the transformation of its plasmid-borne resistance gene. Our study highlighted the importance of horizontal gene transfer in the dissemination of plasmid-borne bla CTX-M-type resistance genes among the clinical isolates.

scholarly journals Faecalicoccus acidiformans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the chicken caecum, and reclassification of Streptococcus pleomorphus (Barnes et al. 1977), Eubacterium biforme (Eggerth 1935) and Eubacterium cylindroides (Cato et al. 1974) as Faecalicoccus pleomorphus comb. nov., Holdemanella biformis gen. nov., comb. nov. and Faecalitalea cylindroides gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively, within the family Erysipelotrichaceae

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 3877-3884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine De Maesschalck ◽  
Filip Van Immerseel ◽  
Venessa Eeckhaut ◽  
Siegrid De Baere ◽  
Margo Cnockaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Strains LMG 27428T and LMG 27427 were isolated from the caecal content of a chicken and produced butyric, lactic and formic acids as major metabolic end products. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains LMG 27428T and LMG 27427 were 40.4 and 38.8 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, both strains were most closely related to the generically misclassified Streptococcus pleomorphus ATCC 29734T. Strain LMG 27428T could be distinguished from S. pleomorphus ATCC 29734T based on production of more lactic acid and less formic acid in M2GSC medium, a higher DNA G+C content and the absence of activities of acid phosphatase and leucine, arginine, leucyl glycine, pyroglutamic acid, glycine and histidine arylamidases, while strain LMG 27428 was biochemically indistinguishable from S. pleomorphus ATCC 29734T. The novel genus Faecalicoccus gen. nov. within the family Erysipelotrichaceae is proposed to accommodate strains LMG 27428T and LMG 27427. Strain LMG 27428T ( = DSM 26963T) is the type strain of Faecalicoccus acidiformans sp. nov., and strain LMG 27427 ( = DSM 26962) is a strain of Faecalicoccus pleomorphus comb. nov. (type strain LMG 17756T = ATCC 29734T = DSM 20574T). Furthermore, the nearest phylogenetic neighbours of the genus Faecalicoccus are the generically misclassified Eubacterium cylindroides DSM 3983T (94.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strain LMG 27428T) and Eubacterium biforme DSM 3989T (92.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strain LMG 27428T). We present genotypic and phenotypic data that allow the differentiation of each of these taxa and propose to reclassify these generically misnamed species of the genus Eubacterium formally as Faecalitalea cylindroides gen. nov., comb. nov. and Holdemanella biformis gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively. The type strain of Faecalitalea cylindroides is DSM 3983T = ATCC 27803T = JCM 10261T and that of Holdemanella biformis is DSM 3989T = ATCC 27806T = CCUG 28091T.

scholarly journals Pseudoseohaeicola caenipelagi gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 1819-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooyeon Park ◽  
Ji-Min Park ◽  
Chul-Hyung Kang ◽  
Song-Gun Kim ◽  
Jung-Hoon Yoon
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic and pleomorphic bacterium, designated BS-W13T, was isolated from a tidal flat on the South Sea, South Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Strain BS-W13T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 1.0–2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Neighbour-joining and maximum-parsimony phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BS-W13T clustered with the type strain of Seohaeicola saemankumensis , showing the highest sequence similarity (95.96 %) to this strain. Strain BS-W13T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 95.95, 95.91, 95.72 and 95.68 % to the type strains of Sulfitobacter donghicola , Sulfitobacter porphyrae , Sulfitobacter mediterraneus and Roseobacter litoralis , respectively. Strain BS-W13T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid. The polar lipid profile of strain BS-W13T, containing phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified lipid as major components, was distinguishable from those of some phylogenetically related taxa. The DNA G+C content of strain BS-W13T was 58.1 mol%. The phylogenetic data and differential chemotaxonomic and other phenotypic properties revealed that strain BS-W13T constitutes a novel genus and species within family Rhodobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria , for which the name Pseudoseohaeicola caenipelagi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BS-W13T ( = KCTC 42349T = CECT 8724T).

Litorilinea aerophila gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic member of the class Caldilineae , phylum Chloroflexi , isolated from an intertidal hot spring

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 1149-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Kale ◽  
Snædís H. Björnsdóttir ◽  
Ólafur H. Friðjónsson ◽  
Sólveig K. Pétursdóttir ◽  
Sesselja Ómarsdóttir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Fermentative Growth ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Ph Range

A thermophilic, aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, filamentous bacterium, strain PRI-4131T, was isolated from an intertidal hot spring in Isafjardardjup, NW Iceland. The strain grew chemo-organotrophically on various carbohydrates. The temperature range for growth was 40–65 °C (optimum 55 °C), the pH range was pH 6.5–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and the NaCl range was 0–3 % (w/v) (optimum 0.5 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain PRI-4131T represented a distinct lineage within the class Caldilineae of the phylum Chloroflexi. The highest levels of sequence similarity, about 91 %, were with Caldilinea aerophila STL-6-O1T and Caldilinea tarbellica D1-25-10-4T. Fermentative growth was not observed for strain PRI-4131T, which, in addition to other characteristics, distinguished it from the two Caldilinea species. Owing to both phylogenetic and phenotypic differences from the described members of the class Caldilineae , we propose to accommodate strain PRI-4131T in a novel species in a new genus, Litorilinea aerophila gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Litorilinea aerophila is PRI-4131T ( = DSM 25763T  = ATCC BAA-2444T).

Catenulispora graminis sp. nov., a rhizobacterium from bamboo (Phyllostachys nigro var. henonis) rhizosphere soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 2589-2592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-Jin Lee ◽  
Song-Ih Han ◽  
Kyung-Sook Whang
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dna Relatedness ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Isoprenoid Quinones ◽  
Type Strains

A novel actinobacterium, designated strain BR-34T, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of bamboo (Phyllostachys nigro var. henonis) sampled in Damyang, Korea. The strain was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics typical of the genus Catenulispora . The strain contained iso-C16 : 0 as the major fatty acid and MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8) as major isoprenoid quinones. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BR-34T formed a cluster separate from members of the genus Catenulispora and was related most closely to Catenulispora acidiphila ID139908T (97.4 % similarity), Catenulispora rubra Aac-30T (97.3 %), Catenulispora yoronensis TT N02-20T (97.3 %) and Catenulispora subtropica TT 99-48T (97 %). However, the level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain BR-34T and C. acidiphila ID139908T was only 45.32 %. Based on DNA–DNA relatedness, morphological and phenotypic data, strain BR-34T could be distinguished from the type strains of phylogenetically related species. It is therefore considered to represent a novel species of the genus Catenulispora , for which the name Catenulispora graminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BR-34T ( = KACC 15070T = NBRC 107755T).

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