scholarly journals Effect of 910-MHz Electromagnetic Field on Rat Bone Marrow

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Demsia ◽  
Dimitris Vlastos ◽  
Demetrios P. Matthopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Nonionizing Radiation ◽  
Rat Bone

Aiming to investigate the possibility of electromagnetic fields (EMF) developed by nonionizing radiation to be a noxious agent capable of inducing genotoxicity to humans, in the current study we have investigated the effect of 910-MHz EMF in rat bone marrow. Rats were exposed daily for 2 h over a period of 30 consecutive days. Studying bone marrow smears from EMF-exposed and sham-exposed animals, we observed an almost threefold increase of micronuclei (MN) in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) after EMF exposure. An induction of MN was also observed in polymorphonuclear cells. The induction of MN in female rats was less than that in male rats. The results indicate that 910-MHz EMF could be considered as a noxious agent capable of producing genotoxic effects.

Induction of micronuclei in rat bone marrow after chronic exposure to lead acetate trihydrate

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Alghazal ◽  
I Šutiaková ◽  
N Kovalkovičová ◽  
J Legáth ◽  
M Falis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lead Acetate Trihydrate ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Acetate Trihydrate ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes

Lead increasingly contributes to pollution of the environment and may play a role in the development of adverse effects in the human and animal body. Data concerning its mutagenic, clastogenic, and carcinogenic properties have been conflicting. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of micronuclei in bone marrow erythrocytes of rats treated with lead acetate trihydrate. Outbred Wistar rats were exposed to a daily dose of 100 mg/L drinking water for 125 days. The mean value of the total number of micronuclei observed in polychromatic erythrocytes of female rats was significantly higher than that found in the control group (13.375 ± 2.722 against 9.625 ± 3.204 micronuclei/1000 cells; P = 0.024 in ANOVA). In exposed female animals, no significant reduction of the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes was observed (0.990 ± 0.228 against 1.208 ± 0.195; P = 0.060 in ANOVA). The effects of lead acetate trihydrate in male rats are both cytotoxic and genotoxic because of a decrease in ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes (0.715 ± 0.431 against 1.343 ± 0.306; P = 0.023, ANOVA followed by Tukey test) and an increase in frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (24.167 ± 7.859 against 4.0 ± 4.528 micronuclei/1000 cells; P ≤ 0.001, ANOVA followed by Tukey test), respectively.

A study on the investigation of cadmium chloride genotoxicity in rat bone marrow using micronucleus test and chromosome aberration analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayla Çelik ◽  
Ülkü Çömelekoğlu ◽  
Serap Yalin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Tibia Bone ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Rat Bone

In this study, we investigated the genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of cadmium chloride (CdCl2)in Wistar rat tibia bone marrow cells, using the structural chromosomal aberration (SCA) and micronucleus (MN) test systems. CdCl2 was administered to adult female rats as repeated i.p. doses of 0.5 mg/kg b.w. for 18 week (four months) at 48 h intervals. Mitomycin C (MMC) was used as a positive control (2 mg/kg b.w.). This study shows that cadmium chloride treatment significantly induced the frequency of micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocytes in tibia bone marrow. This increase in micronucleus frequency shows that cadmium has a genotoxic effect on bone marrow at this level. Also, in order to determine cytotoxicity in bone marrow, the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to normochromatic erythrocytes was calculated in bone marrow. The results of this study indicate that CdCl2 decreased this ratio. The decrease of this ratio in bone marrow shows CdCl2 may lead to cytotoxicity. We have reported that 0.5 mg/kg-level chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd) has an injurious effect on bone marrow. Our findings indicate that CdCl2 has a cytotoxic and genotoxic effect on rat bone marrow at chronic exposure.

Glucosamine Protects Rat Bone Marrow Cells Against Cisplatin-induced Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 1695-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Cheki ◽  
Salman Jafari ◽  
Masoud Najafi ◽  
Aziz Mahmoudzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Hematological Analysis ◽  
Antagonistic Potential ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Rat Bone ◽  
Marrow Cells

Background and Objective: Glucosamine is a widely prescribed dietary supplement used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. In the present study, the chemoprotectant ability of glucosamine was evaluated against cisplatin-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in rat bone marrow cells. Methods: Glucosamine was orally administrated to rats at doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg body weight for seven consecutive days. On the seventh day, the rats were treated with a single injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg, i.p.) at 1h after the last oral administration. The cisplatin antagonistic potential of glucosamine was assessed by micronucleus assay, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level analysis, hematological analysis, and flow cytometry. Results: Glucosamine administration to cisplatin-treated rats significantly decreased the frequencies of Micronucleated Polychromatic Erythrocytes (MnPCEs) and Micronucleated Normchromatic Erythrocytes (MnNCEs), and also increased PCE/(PCE+NCE) ratio in bone marrow cells. Furthermore, treatment of rats with glucosamine before cisplatin significantly inhibited apoptosis, necrosis and ROS generation in bone marrow cells, and also increased red blood cells count in peripheral blood. Conclusion: This study shows glucosamine to be a new effective chemoprotector against cisplatin-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in rat bone marrow cells. The results of this study may be helpful in reducing the harmful effects of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in the future.

scholarly journals Reduction of doxorubicin-induced genotoxicity by Handroanthus impetiginosus in mouse bone marrow revealed by micronucleus assay

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
M. F. G. Boriollo ◽  
T. A. Silva ◽  
M. F. Rodrigues-Netto ◽  
J. J. Silva ◽  
M. B. Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Handroanthus Impetiginosus

Abstract Handroanthus impetiginosus has long been used in traditional medicine and various studies have determined the presence of bioactive chemical compounds and potential phytotherapeutics. In this study, the genotoxicity of the lyophilized tincture of H. impetiginosus bark (THI) was evaluated in mouse bone marrow using micronucleus assays. The interaction between THI and genotoxic effects induced by the chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin (DXR), was also analyzed. Experimental groups were evaluated 24 to 48 h after treatment with N-nitroso-N-ethylurea (NEU; 50 mg/kg), DXR (5 mg/kg), sodium chloride (NaCl; 150 mM), and THI (0.5-2 g/kg). Antigenotoxic assays were carried out using THI (0.5 g/kg) in combination with NEU or DXR. Analysis of the micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) indicated no significant differences between treatment doses of THI (0.5-2 g/kg) and NaCl. Polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) to normochromatic erythrocyte (NCE) ratios did not indicate any statistical differences between DXR and THI or NaCl, but there were differences between THI and NaCl. A significant reduction in MNPCEs and PCE/NCE ratios was observed when THI was administered in combination with DXR. This study suggested the absence of THI genotoxicity that was dose-, time-, and gender-independent and the presence of moderate systemic toxicity that was dose-independent, but time- and gender-dependent. The combination of THI and DXR also suggested antigenotoxic effects, indicating that THI reduced genotoxic effects induced by chemotherapeutic agents.

Evaluation of genotoxic effects of semicarbazide on cultured human lymphocytes and rat bone marrow

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Vlastos ◽  
Hariklia Moshou ◽  
Klimentini Epeoglou
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Rat Bone

scholarly journals Protecting Effect of Vitamin E against Chromosomal Damage Induced by an Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Field in Murine Bone Marrow Erythrocytes

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Elahe Vadaye Kheiry ◽  
Farhang Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Chromosomal Damage ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes

Living organisms including human are exposed to an electromagnetic field from natural and industrial sources. Genotoxic effects of electromagnetic fields have been reported by several studies. Vitamin E is a lipid-soluble antioxidant that plays an important role in maintaining the integrity and function of cell membranes, nervous system, and reproductive system, among others, by functioning as a defence against oxidative damage. In this research, the protective effects of vitamin E against the chromosomal damage induced by extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELEM) on bone marrow erythrocytes of adult male BALB/c mouse have been studied. Adult male BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with vitamin E, with the dose of 200 mg/kg for 8 days and then exposed to ELEM with the intensity of 50Hz for 4 hours for 4 consecutive days. The mice were dissected and micronucleus assay was performed on the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) of their bone marrow. Results show that ELEM could increase the chromosomal damage judged by the higher frequency of MN compared to control. Results also revealed that the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) had substantially decreased (p<0.00 1) in vitamin E- treated mice compared to untreated. Data suggest the protecting effect of vitamin E in bone marrow cells of Balb/C mice against the ELEM.

scholarly journals Modification of the clastogenic effects of cadmium in rat bone marrow with the melaxen

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-104
Author(s):  
Ф.Т. Чшиева ◽  
Т.В. Чшиев ◽  
Р.И. Кокаев
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Cadmium Salt ◽  
Rat Bone

При хроническом применении мелаксена в дозе 10 мг/кг индукции генотоксических эффектов в костном мозге крыс не выявлено. Метафазный анализ после хронического совместного внутрижелудочного введения соли кадмия 0,3 мг/кг (в пересчете на металл) и мелаксена показал протекторные свойства последнего (р<0,01). There was no reveled induction of genotoxic effects in rat bone marrow at the constant use of “melaxen” at a dose of 10 mg/kg. The chronic joint intragastric injection of a cadmium salt of 0.3 mg / kg (in terms of metal) and “melaxen “ showed the protective properties of the remedy (p<0.01) after metaphase analysis.

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