scholarly journals Phylogenetic diversity and activity screening of cultivable actinobacteria isolated from marine sponges and associated environments from the western coast of India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulfat Baig ◽  
Neelesh Dahanukar ◽  
Neha Shintre ◽  
Ketki Holkar ◽  
Anagha Pund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Predatory Behavior ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
First Report ◽  
Predatory Activity ◽  
Putative Species

AbstractPhylogenetic diversity of cultivable actinobacteria isolated from sponges (Haliclona spp.) and associated environments of intertidal zones, along the northern parts of west coast of India, were studied using 16S rRNA gene sequences. A subset of actinobacteria were screened for three activities, namely predatory behavior, antibacterial activity and enzyme inhibition. We recovered 237 isolates of actinobacteria belonging to 19 families and 28 genera, which could be attributed to 95 putative species using maximum likelihood partition and 100 putative species using Bayesian partition in Poisson Tree Processes. Although the trends in the discovery of actinobacterial genera isolated from sponges was consistent with previous studies from different study areas, we provide first report of nine actinobacterial species from sponges. We observed widespread non-obligate epibiotic predatory behavior in eight actinobacterial genera and we provide first report of predatory activity in Brevibacterium, Glutamicibacter, Micromonospora, Nocardiopsis, Rhodococcus and Rothia. Sponge associated actinobacteria showed significantly more predatory behavior than environmental isolates. While antibacterial activity by actinobacterial isolates mainly affected Gram-positive target bacteria with little to no effect on Gram-negative bacteria, predation targeted both Gram-positive and Gram-negative prey with equal propensity. Actinobacterial isolates from both sponge and associated environment produced inhibitors of serine proteases and angiotensin converting enzyme. Predatory behavior was strongly associated with inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin. Our study suggests that sponge and associated environment of western coast of India are rich in actinobacterial diversity with widespread predatory activity, antibacterial activity and production of enzyme inhibitors. Understanding diversity and associations among various actinobacterial activities, with each other and the source of isolation, can provide new insights in marine microbial ecology and provide opportunities to isolate novel therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic diversity and activity screening of cultivable Actinobacteria isolated from marine sponges and associated environments from the western coast of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulfat Baig ◽  
Neelesh Dahanukar ◽  
Neha Shintre ◽  
Ketki Holkar ◽  
Anagha Pund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Predatory Behaviour ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Report ◽  
Predatory Activity ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Putative Species

The phylogenetic diversity of cultivable actinobacteria isolated from sponges (Haliclona spp.) and associated intertidal zone environments along the northern parts of the western coast of India were studied using 16S rRNA gene sequences. A subset of randomly selected actinobacterial cultures were screened for three activities, namely predatory behaviour, antibacterial activity and enzyme inhibition. We recovered 237 isolates from the phylum Actinobacteria belonging to 19 families and 28 genera, which could be attributed to 95 putative species using maximum-likelihood partition and 100 putative species using Bayesian partition in Poisson tree processes. Although the trends in the discovery of actinobacterial genera isolated from sponges were consistent with previous studies from different study areas, we provide the first report of nine actinobacterial species from sponges. We observed widespread non-obligate epibiotic predatory behaviour in eight actinobacterial genera and we provide the first report of predatory activity in Brevibacterium , Glutamicibacter , Micromonospora , Nocardiopsis , Rhodococcus and Rothia . Sponge-associated actinobacteria showed significantly more predatory behaviour than environmental isolates. While antibacterial activity by actinobacterial isolates mainly affected Gram-positive target bacteria with little or no effect on Gram-negative bacteria, predation targeted both Gram-positive and Gram-negative prey with equal propensity. Actinobacterial isolates from both sponges and associated environments produced inhibitors of serine proteases and angiotensin-converting enzyme. Predatory behaviour was strongly associated with inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin. Our study suggests that the sponges and associated environments of the western coast of India are rich in actinobacterial diversity, with widespread predatory activity, antibacterial activity and production of enzyme inhibitors. Understanding the diversity and associations among various actinobacterial activities – with each other and the source of isolation – can provide new insights into marine microbial ecology and provide opportunities to isolate novel therapeutic agents.

In-vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. F. Resin

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Sushma Vashisht ◽  
Manish Pal Singh ◽  
Viney Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Resin Extract

The methanolic extract of the resin of Shorea robusta was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties its utility in free radical mediated diseases including diabetic, cardiovascular, cancer etc. The methanol extract of the resin was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method, reducing power by FeCl3 and antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The phytochemical screening considered the presence of triterpenoids, tannins and flavoniods. Overall, the plant extract is a source of natural antioxidants which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress mediated diseases including aging. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of resin extract of Shorea robusta and ascorbic acid were 35.60 µg/ml and 31.91 µg/ml respectively. The resin extract exhibit a significant dose dependent inhibition of DPPH activity. Antibacterial activity was observed against gram positive and gram negative bacteria in dose dependent manner.Key Words: Shorea robusta, antioxidant, antibacterial, Disc-diffusion, DPPH.

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

Structure-Activity Relationship and Antimicrobial Evaluation of N-Phenylpyrazole Curcumin Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
Heli Sanghvi ◽  
Satyendra Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Pyrazole Derivatives ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Curcumin Derivatives ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Electron Donating Groups ◽  
Derivatives Of

Background: Curcumin, one of the most important pharmacologically significant natural products, has gained significant consideration among scientists for decades since its multipharmacological activities. 1, 3-Dicarbonyl moiety of curcumin was found to be accountable for the rapid degradation of curcumin molecule. The aim of present work is to replace 1, 3-dicarbonyl moiety of curcumin by pyrazole and phenylpyrazole derivatives with a view to improving its stability and to investigate the role of substitution in N-phenylpyrazole curcumin on its antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria. Methods: Pyrazole derivatives of curcumin were prepared by heating curcumin with phenyhydrazine/ substituted phenyhydrazine derivatives in AcOH. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography. Structures of purified compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity by the microdilution broth susceptibility test method against gram positive (S. aureus) and gram negative (E. coli). Results: Effects of substitution in N-phenylpyrazole curcumin derivatives against S. aureus and E. coli were studied. The most active N-(3-Nitrophenylpyrazole) curcumin (12) exhibits twenty-fold more potency against S. aureus (MIC: 10μg/mL)) and N-(2-Fluoroophenylpyrazole) curcumin (5) fivefold more potency against E. coli (MIC; 50 μg/mL) than N-phenylpyrazole curcumin (4). Whereas, a remarkable decline in anti-bacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli was observed when electron donating groups were incorporated in N-phenylpyrazole curcumin (4). Comparative studies of synthesized compounds suggest the effects of electron withdrawing and electron donating groups on unsubstituted phenylpyrazole curcumin (4). Conclusion: The structure-activity relationship (SAR) results indicated that the electron withdrawing and electron donating at N-phenylpyrazole curcumin played key roles for their bacterial inhibitory effects. The results of the antibacterial evaluation showed that the synthesized pyrazole derivatives of curcumin displayed moderate to very high activity in S. aureus. In conclusion, the series of novel curcumin derivatives were designed, synthesized and tested for their antibacterial activities against S. aureus and E. coli. Among them, N-(3-Nitrophenylpyrazole curcumin; 12) was most active against S. aureus (Gram-positive) and N-(2-Fluoroophenylpyrazole) curcumin (5) against E. coli (Gram-negative) bacteria.

scholarly journals Hydrothermally Assisted Fabrication of TiO2-Fe3O4 Composite Materials and Their Antibacterial Activity

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4715
Author(s):  
Adam Kubiak ◽  
Marta Kubacka ◽  
Elżbieta Gabała ◽  
Anna Dobrowolska ◽  
Karol Synoradzki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Oxide Composites

The TiO2-Fe3O4 composite materials were fabricated via the hydrothermal-assisted technique. It was determined how the molar ratio of TiO2 to Fe3O4 influences the crystalline structure and morphology of the synthesized composite materials. The effect of the molar ratio of components on the antibacterial activity was also analyzed. On the basis of XRD patterns for the obtained titanium(IV) oxide-iron(II, III) oxide composites, the two separate crystalline forms—anatase and magnetite —were observed. Transmission electron microscopy revealed particles of cubic and tetragonal shape for TiO2 and spherical for Fe3O4. The results of low-temperature nitrogen sorption analysis indicated that an increase in the iron(II, III) oxide content leads to a decrease in the BET surface area. Moreover, the superparamagnetic properties of titanium(IV) oxide-iron(II, III) oxide composites should be noted. An important aim of the work was to determine the antibacterial activity of selected TiO2-Fe3O4 materials. For this purpose, two representative strains of bacteria, the Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, were used. The titanium(IV) oxide-iron(II, III) oxide composites demonstrated a large zone of growth inhibition for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, it was found that the analyzed materials can be reused as antibacterial agents in three consecutive cycles with good results.

Light mediated, switchable, antibacterial activity of cerium dioxide nanoparticles on gram positive and gram negative bacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekhachandran Prasanna Ramachandran ◽  
Archana Valliyamma ◽  
Nitha Nellithanathu Thomas ◽  
Mangalaraja Ramalinga Viswanathan ◽  
Boby Theophilofe Edwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Cerium Dioxide ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Two structurally diverse Zn-based coordination polymers with excellent antibacterial activity

CrystEngComm ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 3353-3362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Colinas ◽  
Mauricio D. Rojas-Andrade ◽  
Indranil Chakraborty ◽  
Scott R. J. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Two novel Zn-based coordination polymers with unique structural properties display an exceptional antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

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