scholarly journals High-risk Human Papillomavirus (16, 18) are not the most common genotypes associated with cervical pre-cancer lesions: a retrospective study at a University Hospital in the Eastern-Province of Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitham Kussaibi ◽  
Reem Al Dossary ◽  
Ayesha Badar ◽  
Aroub Omar Muammar ◽  
Raghad Ibrahim Aljohani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

AbstractObjectiveHigh-risk HPV (human papillomavirus) is found to be responsible for 4.5% of all cancer, especially cervical cancer. The prevalence of high-risk HPV associated with cervical lesions is not well- known in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to highlight the genotypes of high-risk HPV associated with pre- malignant cervical lesions.MethodsOver 6 years (2013 - 2018), 5091 Pap (Papanicolaou) smears results and 170 high-risk HPV test results were collected from the Information System at King Fahd University Hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using the software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences).ResultsOut of 5091 Pap smears, only 1.89% (n=96) were abnormal; 0.18% (n=9) were malignant (7 Squamous cell carcinomas and 2 adenocarcinomas), while 1.7% (n=87) showed pre-cancerous lesions, 44 ASCUS (Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance), 17 LSIL (Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions), 12 HSIL (High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions), and 14 AGC (Atypical Glandular Cells). Out of 170 patients co-tested for high-risk HPV, only 13.5% (n=23/170) had positive results (5 cases were positive for HPV16, 1 case was positive for both HPV16 and 18, while the remaining 17 cases were positive for high-risk HPV other than 16 or 18), among them, 6.47% (n=11/170) had normal Pap smear, while 7.06% (n=12/170) patients had abnormal Pap smear; 4 ASCUS, 6 LSIL and 2 HSIL. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between HPV findings and the Pap smear results (P- value 0.000), however, no significant correlation was found with the patients’ age and/or nationality.DiscussionOur study showed a unique distribution of high-risk HPV genotypes which reflects different geographical infection patterns. Furthermore, the high association of high-risk HPV with normal Pap smears highlights the need, for all women at risk, to be co-investigated for high-risk HPV. These findings could help in customizing regional vaccine-combinations and screening programs.

scholarly journals Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Types Among Women Screened for Cervical Cancer in Yazd, Iran, and Comparison of Cytology, Histology, and Colposcopy Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojgan Karimi-Zarchi ◽  
Nastaran Hajimaghsoudi ◽  
Afsarosadat Tabatabai ◽  
Mansour Moghimi ◽  
Mohammad Shayestehpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Hpv Typing ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus with more than 100 genotypes, at least 12 of which are high-risk and associated with high-grade cervical lesions. Data on the prevalence of high-risk HPV genotypes among women are not yet available for the total regions of Iran. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV types among women screened for cervical carcinoma in Yazd and compare the cytology, histology, and colposcopy results. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 402 women referring to gynecology clinics of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran, were selected. The Pap smear and HPV typing were performed on cervical samples. The high-risk HPV types were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based reverse blot hybridization assay. Colposcopy was carried out on patients with high-risk HPV types, and biopsies were taken for histological examination. Results: Among 402 women screened by HPV-PCR, 32 (7.97%) women were positive for high-risk HPV types. Human papillomavirus 16 and HPV18 were the most frequent genotypes (46.9%). The cytology, histology, and colposcopy results were abnormal in 56.2%, 29.1%, and 71.9% of patients, respectively. Pap smear had 100% sensitivity and 58.3% specificity for the detection of high-grade cervical lesions, while these values for colposcopy were 75% and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The frequency of high-risk HPV types was relatively low among women living in Yazd than in those from other provinces of Iran. A significant percentage of patients with HPV had normal cervical cytology and histology. Therefore, HPV typing is recommended to decrease the development of cervical cancer. Colposcopy had acceptable sensitivity and specificity for the detection of high-grade cervical lesions.

Prediction of high-grade cervical disease with human papillomavirus detection in women with glandular and squamous cytologic abnormalities

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1055-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R.Z.M. De Oliveira ◽  
S. F.M. Derchain ◽  
L. O.Z. Sarian ◽  
S. H. Rabelo-Santos ◽  
R. C. Gontijo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Cervical Disease ◽  
Glandular Cells ◽  
Atypical Glandular Cells ◽  
High Risk Hpv

The objective of this study was to assess whether human papillomavirus (HPV) detection with hybrid capture II (HC II) can help predict the presence and the nature, glandular or squamous, of histologic cervical lesions in women referred due to atypical glandular cells (AGC) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). A total of 247 women were included. Referral Pap smears comprised AGC (51 cases), AGC plus HSIL (28 cases), adenocarcinoma in situ (10 cases), and HSIL (158 cases). All patients were tested for high-risk HPV with HC II and had a histologic assessment of their cervix. Histologic analysis showed 38 women with (15.3%) cervicitis, 194 with (75.5%) squamous lesions, and 15 with (9.2%) glandular neoplasia. The overall rate of high-risk HPV detection was 77%. Almost 70% of AGC-HPV–negative patients did not have a pathologically proven cervical neoplasia, whereas 76% of women with AGC-HPV–positive result were diagnosed with a squamous or glandular neoplasia. Most (95%) of the lesions in patients with AGC-HSIL were of squamous nature, and HPV detection did not contribute to their differentiation from glandular lesions. We conclude that in women with AGC, HPV positivity strongly correlated with the presence of glandular or squamous cervical lesion but did not help distinguishing women with squamous from those with glandular neoplasia.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in women in Lomé, Togo

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akouélé P. Kuassi-Kpede ◽  
Essolakina Dolou ◽  
Théodora M. Zohoncon ◽  
Ina Marie Angèle Traore ◽  
Gnatoulma Katawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Precancerous Cervical Lesions ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background The causative agent of cervical cancer referred to as Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a real public health problem. Many countries in West Africa, such as Togo have no data on the high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection and genotypes distribution. In order to fill the knowledge gap in the field in Togo, the main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix and HR-HPV genotypes among Togolese women. Methods Samples were collected from 240 women by introducing a swab in the cervix. Then, the screening of precancerous cervical lesions using the visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol (VIA / VIL) was conducted. The HR-HPV genotypes were characterised by real-time multiplex PCR. Results Out of 240 women recruited, 128 (53.3%) were infected by HR-HPV. The most common genotypes were HPV 56 (22.7%), followed by HPV 51 (20.3%), HPV 31 (19.5%), HPV 52 (18.8%) and HPV 35 (17.2%). The least common genotypes were HPV 33 (2.3%) and HPV 16 (2.3%). Among the women, 1.3% (3/240) were positive to VIA/VIL. Conclusion This study allowed HR-HPV genotypes to be characterised for the first time in Lomé, Togo. This will help in mapping the HR-HPV genotypes in West Africa.

Comparison of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Associated Lesions: LCM-PCR Study of 87 Lesions in 8 Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Fernández-Nestosa ◽  
Nuria Guimerà ◽  
Diego F. Sanchez ◽  
Sofía Cañete-Portillo ◽  
Antonella Lobatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Associated Lesions ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Flat Lesions ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) is currently classified in human papillomavirus (HPV)- and non-HPV-related subtypes with variable HPV genotypes. PeINs are frequently associated with other intraepithelial lesions in the same specimen. The aim of this study was to detect and compare HPV genotypes in PeINs and associated lesions using high-precision laser capture microdissection-polymerase chain reaction and p16INK4a immunostaining. We evaluated resected penile specimens from 8 patients and identified 33 PeINs and 54 associated lesions. The most common subtype was warty PeIN, followed by warty-basaloid and basaloid PeIN. Associated lesions were classical condylomas (17 cases), atypical classical condylomas (2 cases), flat condylomas (9 cases), atypical flat condylomas (6 cases), flat lesions with mild atypia (12 cases), and squamous hyperplasia (8 cases). After a comparison, identical HPV genotypes were found in PeIN and associated lesions in the majority of the patients (7 of 8 patients). HPV16 was the most common genotype present in both PeIN and corresponding associated lesion (50% of the patients). Nonspecific flat lesions with mild atypia, classical condylomas, and atypical condylomas were the type of associated lesions most commonly related to HPV16. Other high-risk HPV genotypes present in PeIN and associated nonspecific flat lesion with mild atypia were HPV35 and HPV39. In this study of HPV in the microenvironment of penile precancerous lesions, we identified identical high-risk HPV genotypes in PeIN and classical, flat, or atypical condylomas and, specially, in nonspecific flat lesions with mild atypia. It is possible that some of these lesions represent hitherto unrecognized precancerous lesions.

scholarly journals Detection and estimation of human papillomavirus viral load in patients with cervical lesions

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Rahman ◽  
S Tabassum ◽  
M Jahan ◽  
A Nessa ◽  
Dr Ashrafunnessa
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Hpv Viral Load

Human papillomavirus (HPV) high risk genotype infection and HPV viral load influences the development of invasive cervical cancer and cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN). HPV DNA testing for screening of cervical cancers may play a potential role in its early detection and management. The present study detected HPV DNA and estimated HPV viral load in different types of cervical lesions among Bangladeshi women. Using the Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) assay, HPV DNA was tested among 68 women between 25-70 years of age. A total of 13 (19.1%) cases were positive for HPV DNA. The highest viral load (501 x 10³ copies/ml) was detected in a patient with invasive carcinoma, while the lowest viral load (105 x 10³ copies/ml) was detected from a case of chronic cervicitis. The mean viral load in CIN I was 119.25 x 10³±12.5 x 10³ copies/ml (range: 110 x 10³ - 137 x 10³) and 208.50 x 10³ ± 0.59 x 10³ copies/ml (range: 139 x 10³-305 x 10³) in CIN II / III. Interestingly, HPV DNA was detected from a patient with normal cytological findings. Our study observed a moderate presence of high-risk HPV genotypes among women with cervical lesions. The HPV viral load varied with the age of the patients and stage of cervical lesions. The HC2 assay is a promising tool for diagnosing high-risk HPV infection especially before cytology tests show any abnormality. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v39i2.19648 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2013; 39: 86-90

scholarly journals Regulation of cell cycles is of key importance in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical carcinogenesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Michelina Fernandes Brenna ◽  
Kari Juhani Syrjänen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Cycle Checkpoints ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

The rapid progress in molecular biology has allowed the identification of the genes involved in different functions of normal cells and has also improved our understanding of the mechanisms of human carcinogenesis. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small double-stranded DNA tumor virus and its genes can manipulate cell cycle control to promote viral persistence and replication. The E6 and E7 proteins of high-risk HPV bind to cell cycle regulatory proteins and interfere with both G1/S and G2/M cell cycle checkpoints much more effectively than the low-risk HPV. The difference between the ability of low and high-risk HPV types to induce immortalization and transformation may well lie in their abilities to interact with the various cell cycle components, resulting in the loss of multiple cell cycle checkpoints, which are important in host genome fidelity, thus potentially resulting in accumulation of genetic abnormalities. Cervical cancer is one of the leading malignancies in women worldwide, with substantial morbidity and mortality. According to current concepts, HPV is recognized as the single most important causal agent in the pathogenesis of this cancer. HPV infection clearly precedes the development of malignancy, while being regularly associated with cervical cancer precursor lesions (all grades of squamous intraepithelial lesions). HPV-infected low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) has three possible outcomes: a) it may regress; b) it can persist; or c) it can make a clinical progression to in situ or invasive carcinoma. It has been well established by prospective cohort studies that the spontaneous regression rate increases in parallel with follow-up duration. In contrast, the clinical progression of lesions usually takes place quite rapidly, i.e. during the first two years from diagnosis. The mechanisms responsible for this divergent clinical behavior of HPV-associated squamous intraepithelial lesions are largely unknown, but currently under intense study in different laboratories worldwide.

scholarly journals Current studies on human papillomavirus in Saudi Arabia

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Saeed Alhamlan ◽  
Ahmed A Al-Qahtani ◽  
Mohammed N Al-Ahdal
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Low Prevalence

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a significant etiological factor and an important prognosticator in cervical cancer. Indeed, researchers worldwide have confirmed these roles for high-risk HVPs in over 70% of cervical cancer cases. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 561,200 new cancer cases (5.2% of all new cancers) are attributed to HPV infection. Over 120 types of HPV are classified further as either low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) or high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) based on their oncological potential of transforming cells. The LR-HPV types cause benign hyperproliferative lesions (i.e. genital warts) while the HR-HPV types are strongly associated with premalignant and malignant cervical lesions. Data on the prevalence of HPV, survival of infected patients, and mortality rate are scarce in Saudi Arabia. The unsubstantiated assumption of a low prevalence of HPV in Saudi Arabia has contributed to limiting HPV research in this conservative country. Therefore, the goal of this review is to shed light on the current HPV research being conducted and the prevalence of HPV in Saudi Arabia.

The evaluation of human papillomavirus DNA testing in primary screening for cervical lesions in a large Japanese population

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1007-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Inoue ◽  
J. Sakaguchi ◽  
T. Sasagawa ◽  
M. Tango
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Dna Testing ◽  
High Risk Hpv

To examine the utility of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing for the screening of cervical cancer and its precursors, a prospective cohort study was performed in which a total of 8156 women with a median age of 36 years were enrolled. Two smear samples scraped from the uterine cervix were served for Papanicolaou test and HPV DNA testing (Hybrid Capture-II system). HPV-positive samples were further examined for HPV subtype using a DNA microarry chip. Women with cytologic abnormality or those with high-risk HPV DNA were further examined by colposcopy to determine histologic diagnosis. High-risk HPV DNA was detected in 11% of the general population, with higher prevalence of specific types, including 52, 16, 58, 51, 56, and 18. As expected, younger women were likely to have increased frequency of HPV infection. Notably, HPV DNA testing detected all 45 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3, while cytologic findings were negative in 6 of these cases. It is of particular interest that CIN was commonly associated with multiple HPV types, while invasive cancers had a single type of HPV. In terms of both sensitivity and positive predictive value in detecting the CIN, HPV DNA testing is superior to cytology. However, most importantly, HPV DNA testing in combination with cytology significantly improved the efficacy to CIN screening.

scholarly journals Coinfection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus and Lower Genital Tract Pathogens in the Development of High-Grade Cervical Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hui Zhong ◽  
Yao Tong ◽  
Haifeng Lin ◽  
Xiaodan Mao ◽  
Binhua Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Purpose. This study investigated the infection status and relationship between other common lower genital tract infectious pathogens and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in the high-grade cervical lesions. Methods. Overall, 882 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study, of which 339 patients (≥HSIL group) were confirmed with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) or cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), while 543 patients (≤LSIL group) were diagnosed with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) or normal cervical pathology diagnosis. Cervical swab specimens were tested for HPV, pathogenic bacteria (PB), U. urealyticum (UU), M. hominis (MH), and C. trachomatis (CT) in both groups. Results. The infection rates of HR-HPV, PB, UU (at high density), and CT were higher in the ≥HSIL group than in the ≤LSIL group (P<0.001); however, higher infection rates with MH were not observed (P>0.05). PB, UU, and CT were associated with HR-HPV infection (P<0.001). The PB and UU infection rates in the ≥HSIL group were significantly different from those in the ≤LSIL group, regardless of whether there was an HR-HPV infection at the same time (P<0.05). However, this was not the case for the CT (P>0.05). Furthermore, 259 pathogenic bacterial strains were detected in 882 cases. The difference in the distribution of pathogenic bacterial flora in the different grades of cervical lesions had no statistical significance, which was prioritized over Escherichia coli (P>0.05). Conclusion. PB, UU, and CT infection is associated with susceptibility to HR-HPV, HR-HPV coinfection with these pathogens might increase the risk of high-grade cervical lesions, and PB and UU might be independent risk factors for cervical lesions.

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus and Infertility

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeršovienė ◽  
Gudlevičienė ◽  
Rimienė ◽  
Butkauskas
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Abnormal Sperm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Background and objectives. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most commonly sexually transmitted infection. Recent evidence suggests that an HPV infection may affect fertility. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of HPV infections among couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and to identify their awareness of HPV. Material and Methods. A total of 200 samples were collected from couples who received IVF treatment during 2017–2018 in Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos (VUH SK) Santaros Fertility Centre (SFC). For HPV detection, cervical swabs from women and sperm samples from men were taken and a real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for the identification of 14 high-risk HPV types. Sperm parameters were evaluated according to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for 2010. Research subjects answered an anonymous questionnaire to ascertain their knowledge of HPV. Results. After testing of HPV in couples undergoing IVF, it was found that 33 out of 100 couples (33%) were HPV positive. Of these, 19% of women (19/100) and 20% of men (20/100) tested positive. Using Fisher’s exact test, a statistically significant difference was found between HPV infections and abnormal sperm quality parameters (p = 0.023). Conclusions. HPV may have an impact in spermatogenesis, because an HPV infection was more frequently detected in men with abnormal sperm parameters. High-risk HPV 52 was the most common genotype among couples undergoing IVF treatment.

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