Ultraviolet A Radiation and COVID-19 Deaths in the USA with replication studies in England and Italy

AbstractSeasonal variation in environmental meteorological conditions affect the incidence of infectious diseases. Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation induces release of cutaneous photolabile nitric oxide (NO) impacting the cardiovascular system and metabolic syndrome, COVID-19 risk factors. NO also inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV. We therefore model the relationship between UVA radiation, derived from remote sensed data, and COVID-19 deaths for counties across the USA during their ‘UV vitamin D winter’ (Jan-April) adjusting for confounding including by temperature and humidity. The Mortality Risk Ratio (MRR) falls by 29% (40% -15% (95% CI)) per 100 (KJ/m2) increase in mean daily UVA. We replicate this in independent studies in Italy and England and estimate a pooled decline in MRR of 32% (48%-12%) per 100 KJ/m2 across the three studies.

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The relationship of vitamin D with non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in subjects with metabolic syndrome

Archives of Medical Science ◽

10.5114/aoms.2012.29398 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 437-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stefania Makariou ◽

Evangelos Liberopoulos ◽

Matilda Florentin ◽

Konstantinos Lagos ◽

Irene Gazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Traditional Risk Factors ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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The relationship of vitamin D with non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in subjects with metabolic syndrome

Archives of Medical Science ◽

10.5114/aoms.2012.29519 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 437-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stefania Makariou ◽

Evangelos Liberopoulos ◽

Matilda Florentin ◽

Konstantinos Lagos ◽

Irene Gazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Traditional Risk Factors ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Ultraviolet A Radiation and COVID‐19 Deaths in the USA with replication studies in England and Italy

British Journal of Dermatology ◽

10.1111/bjd.20093 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M. Cherrie ◽

T. Clemens ◽

C. Colandrea ◽

Z. Feng ◽

D.J. Webb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ultraviolet A ◽

Replication Studies ◽

The Usa

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Metabolic syndrome in psychiatry: advances in understanding and management

Advances in Psychiatric Treatment ◽

10.1192/apt.bp.113.011619 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 101-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Cyrus S. H. Ho ◽

Melvyn W. B. Zhang ◽

Anselm Mak ◽

Roger C. M. Ho

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Learning Objectives ◽

List Type ◽

Type Number ◽

Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Relationship

SummaryMetabolic syndrome comprises a number of cardiovascular risk factors that increase morbidity and mortality. The increase in incidence of the syndrome among psychiatric patients has been unanimously demonstrated in recent studies and it has become one of the greatest challenges in psychiatric practice. Besides the use of psychotropic drugs, factors such as genetic polymorphisms, inflammation, endocrinopathies and unhealthy lifestyle contribute to the association between metabolic syndrome and a number of psychiatric disorders. In this article, we review the current diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome and propose clinically useful guidelines for psychiatrists to identify and monitor patients who may have the syndrome. We also outline the relationship between metabolic syndrome and individual psychiatric disorders, and discuss advances in pharmacological treatment for the syndrome, such as metformin.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Be familiar with the definition of metabolic syndrome and its parameters of measurement.•Appreciate how individual psychiatric disorders contribute to metabolic syndrome and vice versa.•Develop a framework for the prevention, screening and management of metabolic syndrome in psychiatric patients.

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Osteoprotegerin in Cardiometabolic Disorders

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2015/564934 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

C. Pérez de Ciriza ◽

A. Lawrie ◽

N. Varo

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Bone Remodelling ◽

Potential Biomarker ◽

Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽

Obesity Hypertension ◽

The Relationship

Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a glycoprotein traditionally implicated in bone remodelling, has been recently related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Human studies show a positive relationship between circulating OPG, vascular damage, and CVD, and as such OPG has emerged as a potential biomarker for CVD. This review focuses on the relationship between circulating OPG and different endocrine cardiometabolic alterations such as type 1 and 2 diabetes. The association of OPG with diabetic complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, or retinopathy) as well as with atherosclerosis, coronary artery calcification, morbidity, and mortality is pointed out. Moreover, OPG modulation by different treatments is also established. Besides, other associated diseases such as obesity, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome, which are known cardiovascular risk factors, are also considered.

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No effect of vitamin D administration plus dietary intervention on emerging cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome

Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism ◽

10.1016/j.jnim.2019.100093 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 100093 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stefania E. Makariou ◽

Moses Elisaf ◽

Anna Challa ◽

Constantinos C. Tellis ◽

Alexandros D. Tselepis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Dietary Intervention

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Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome: a mendelian randomization study

Nutrition Journal ◽

10.1186/s12937-019-0494-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chi Chen ◽

Yi Chen ◽

Pan Weng ◽

Fangzhen Xia ◽

Qin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Mendelian Randomization ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Traits ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Genetically Determined

Abstract Background Low circulating vitamin D levels have been associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiometabolic risk factors in multiple epidemiology studies. However, whether this association is causal is still unclear. We aimed to test whether genetically lowered vitamin D levels were associated with MS and its metabolic traits, using mendelian randomization (MR) methodology. Methods Ten thousand six hundred fifty-five participants were enrolled from the SPECT-China study, which was performed in 23 sites in East China during 2014 to 2016. Using four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DHCR7, CYP2R1, GC and CYP24A1 genes with known effects on 25(OH) D concentrations, we created a genetic risk score (GRS) as instrumental variable (IV) to estimate the effect of genetically lowered 25(OH) D on MS and cardiometabolic risk factors. MS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Results Lower measured 25(OH)D levels were associated with MS (OR 0.921, 95% CI 0.888, 0.954) after multivariable adjustment. However, the MR-derived odds ratio of genetically determined 25(OH) D for risk of MS was 0.977 (95% CI 0.966, 1.030). The MR-derived estimates for raised fasting plasma glucose was 0.578 (95% CI 0.321, 0.980) per 10 nmol/L GRSsynthesis determined increase of 25(OH) D levels. Conclusions We found no evidence that genetically determined reduction in 25(OH)D conferred an increased risk of MS and its metabolic traits. However, we created our GRS only on the basis of common variants, which represent limited amount of variance in 25(OH)D. MR studies using rare variants, and large-scale well-designed RCTs about the effect of vitamin D supplementation on MS are warranted to further validate the findings.

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