scholarly journals Diverse roles of MAX1 homologues in rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Marzec ◽  
Apriadi Situmorang ◽  
Philip B. Brewer ◽  
Agnieszka Brąszewska-Zalewska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wax Synthesis

AbstractCytochrome P450 enzymes encoded by MORE AXILLARY GROWTH1 (MAX1)-like genes produce most of the structural diversity of strigolactones during the final steps of strigolactone biosynthesis. The diverse copies of MAX1 in Oryza sativa provide a resource to investigate why plants produce such a wide range of strigolactones. Here we performed in silico analyses of transcription factors and microRNAs that may regulate each rice MAX1, and compared the results with available data about MAX1 expression profiles and genes co-expressed with MAX1 genes. Data suggest that distinct mechanisms regulate the expression of each MAX1. Moreover, there may be novel functions for MAX1 homologues, such as the regulation of flower development or responses to heavy metals. In addition, individual MAX1s could be involved in specific functions, such as the regulation of seed development or wax synthesis in rice. Our analysis reveals potential new avenues of strigolactone research that may otherwise not be obvious.

scholarly journals Diverse Roles of MAX1 Homologues in Rice

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1348
Author(s):  
Marek Marzec ◽  
Apriadi Situmorang ◽  
Philip B. Brewer ◽  
Agnieszka Brąszewska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Silico Analyses ◽  
Wax Synthesis

Cytochrome P450 enzymes encoded by MORE AXILLARY GROWTH1 (MAX1)-like genes produce most of the structural diversity of strigolactones during the final steps of strigolactone biosynthesis. The diverse copies of MAX1 in Oryza sativa provide a resource to investigate why plants produce such a wide range of strigolactones. Here we performed in silico analyses of transcription factors and microRNAs that may regulate each rice MAX1, and compared the results with available data about MAX1 expression profiles and genes co-expressed with MAX1 genes. Data suggest that distinct mechanisms regulate the expression of each MAX1. Moreover, there may be novel functions for MAX1 homologues, such as the regulation of flower development or responses to heavy metals. In addition, individual MAX1s could be involved in specific functions, such as the regulation of seed development or wax synthesis in rice. Our analysis reveals potential new avenues of strigolactone research that may otherwise not be obvious.

scholarly journals Genome-wide sequence and expression analysis of the NAC transcription factor family in polyploid wheat

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Borrill ◽  
Sophie A. Harrington ◽  
Cristobal Uauy
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Nac Transcription Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nac Family

ARTICLE SUMMARYTranscription factors are vital in plants to regulate gene expression in response to environmental stimuli and to control developmental processes. In this study, we annotated and classified transcription factors in polyploid bread wheat into gene families and explored the NAC family in detail. We combined phylogenetic analysis and transcriptome analysis, using publicly available RNA-seq data, to characterize the NAC gene family and provide hypotheses for putative functions of many NAC transcription factors. This study lays the groundwork for future studies on transcription factors in wheat which may be of great agronomic relevance.ABSTRACTMany important genes in agriculture correspond to transcription factors which regulate a wide range of pathways from flowering to responses to disease and abiotic stresses. In this study, we identified 5,776 transcription factors in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) and classified them into gene families. We further investigated the NAC family exploring the phylogeny, C-terminal domain conservation and expression profiles across 308 RNA-seq samples. Phylogenetic trees of NAC domains indicated that wheat NACs divided into eight groups similar to rice (Oryza sativa) and barley (Hordeum vulgare). C-terminal domain motifs were frequently conserved between wheat, rice and barley within phylogenetic groups, however this conservation was not maintained across phylogenetic groups. We explored gene expression patterns across a wide range of developmental stages, tissues, and abiotic stresses. We found that more phylogenetically related NACs shared more similar expression patterns compared to more distant NACs. However, within each phylogenetic group there were clades with diverse expression profiles. We carried out a co-expression analysis on all wheat genes and identified 37 modules of co-expressed genes of which 23 contained NACs. Using GO term enrichment we obtained putative functions for NACs within co-expressed modules including responses to heat and abiotic stress and responses to water: these NACs may represent targets for breeding or biotechnological applications. This study provides a framework and data for hypothesis generation for future studies on NAC transcription factors in wheat.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Sugarcane in Response to Colletotrichum Falcatum Infection Reveals Repertoire of Transcription Factors and Host Targets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Naveen Prasanth ◽  
Viswanathan Rasappa ◽  
P. Malathi ◽  
A.R. Sundar
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Colletotrichum Falcatum ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Challenge Inoculation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pcr Assays

Abstract Background - Sugarcane (Saccharum spp hybrid), an important C4 perennial plantation crop, globally grown for white sugar and ethanol production. Red rot caused by Colletotrichum falcatum is one of the most important threats affecting sugarcane productivity in many countries including India.Materials and Methods - Comprehensive understanding is very much needed to define their transcription level differences and their key regulatory genes during interaction of sugarcane with C. falcatum. To compute and evaluate the molecular mechanism in sugarcane, transcriptome analysis of sugarcane challenged with C. falcatum was sequenced using Hi-Seq 2500 and gene expression profiles were generated by qRT-PCR assays in both compatible and incompatible interactions after challenge inoculation of C. falcatum in sugarcane.Results - A total of 15,728,914 reads were aligned to 48,935 unigenes using BOWTIE 2; the unigenes were annotated using BLASTX and found that 39,895 unigenes were annotated and 22,025 were unigenes with respect to host species, 8,830 with respect to Colletotrichum spp and 9,040 were found to be novel genes. A total of 243 transcription factors (TFs) were found to be predicted in sugarcane challenged with C. falcatum and those TFs were divided into 45 specific families. WRKY, MYB, NAC, bHLH and AUX/IAA transcription factors were found to be abundant which are considered to be key regulators in controlling wide range of molecular events such as defense response, oxidative stimuli, host signalling and triggering disease resistance. In addition, a lot of stress related genes and genes involved in gene ontological and KEGG pathway were significantly affected due to C. falcatum infection. Quantative real time PCR assays carried out to validate reliability of observed expression patterns in sugarcane in response to C. falcatum infection illustrates first transcriptome wide in planta identification and analysis of TF repertoire in the host pathogen interaction.Conclusion - The results of this study provide a benchmark discovery in finding host targets and provide tissue specific data set of genes that express in response to C. falcatum in sugarcane and also a complete analysis of main group of genes that significantly enriched under this condition. This is the first comprehensive work provides basis for the further studies to dissect role of TFs at molecular level in sugarcane defense to fungal pathogens.

Transcriptome-wide identification, characterization, and phylogenomic analysis of cytochrome P450s from Nothapodytes nimmoniana reveal candidate genes involved in the camptothecin biosynthetic pathway

Genome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rucha C. Godbole ◽  
Anupama A. Pable ◽  
Vitthal T. Barvkar
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Cytochrome P450s ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
Nothapodytes Nimmoniana ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Genes ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Anticancer Compound

The plant Nothapodytes nimmoniana is an important source of camptothecin (CPT), an anticancer compound widely used in the treatment of colorectal, lung, and ovarian cancers. CPT is biosynthesized by the combination of the seco-iridoid and indole pathways in plants. The majority of the biosynthetic steps and associated genes still remain unknown. Certain reactions in the seco-iridoid pathway are catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Hence, identifying transcriptionally active cytochrome P450 genes becomes essential in the elucidation of the CPT biosynthetic pathway. Here, we report the identification of 94 cytochrome P450s from the assembled transcriptomic data from leaf and root tissues of N. nimmoniana. The identified cytochrome P450 genes were full length and possessed all four conserved characteristic signature motifs of cytochrome P450 genes. Phylogenetic analysis of the protein sequences revealed their evolution and diversification and further categorized them into A-type (52.12%) and non-A-type (47.87%) cytochrome P450s. These 94 sequences represent 38 families and 63 subfamilies of cytochrome P450s. We also compared the transcriptional activity of identified cytochrome P450s with the expression of their homologs in the CPT-producing plant Ophiorrhiza pumila. Based on expression profiles and quantitative PCR validation, we propose NnCYP81CB1 and NnCYP89R1 as candidate cytochrome P450 genes involved in camptothecin biosynthesis in N. nimmoniana.

Cholesterol, an essential molecule: diverse roles involving cytochrome P450 enzymes

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty J. McLean ◽  
Marcus Hans ◽  
Andrew W. Munro
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oxidative Transformations ◽  
Statin Drugs ◽  
Rate Limiting

Cholesterol is an essential molecule for eukaryotic life and is an important precursor for a wide range of physiological processes. Biosynthesis and homoeostasis of cholesterol are complex mechanisms that are tightly regulated and interlinked with activities of a number of cytochrome P450 enzymes. These P450s play central critical roles in cholesterol metabolism. Key roles include a rate-limiting reaction in the synthesis of cholesterol itself, and in the oxidative transformations of cholesterol into steroid hormones and bile acids. However, microbial P450s also have important roles that impinge directly on human cholesterol synthesis and oxidation. Recent data reveal that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (which infects more than one-third of the world's human population) uses P450s to initiate breakdown of host cholesterol as an energy source. Microbial P450s also catalyse industrially important transformations in the synthesis of cholesterol-lowering statin drugs, with clear benefits to humans. The present article reviews the various roles of P450s in human cholesterol metabolism, from endogenous P450s through to microbial oxidases that enable catabolism of human cholesterol, or facilitate production of statins that regulate cholesterol production with positive outcomes in cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Cytochrome P450 Enzymes as Key Drivers of Alkaloid Chemical Diversification in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trinh-Don Nguyen ◽  
Thu-Thuy T. Dang
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Plant Evolution ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
P450 Monooxygenases ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Psychedelic Drugs ◽  
Cancer Agent ◽  
Alkaloid Metabolism

Plants produce more than 20,000 nitrogen-containing heterocyclic metabolites called alkaloids. These chemicals serve numerous eco-physiological functions in the plants as well as medicines and psychedelic drugs for human for thousands of years, with the anti-cancer agent vinblastine and the painkiller morphine as the best-known examples. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) play a key role in generating the structural variety that underlies this functional diversity of alkaloids. Most alkaloid molecules are heavily oxygenated thanks to P450 enzymes’ activities. Moreover, the formation and re-arrangement of alkaloid scaffolds such as ring formation, expansion, and breakage that contribute to their structural diversity and bioactivity are mainly catalyzed by P450s. The fast-expanding genomics and transcriptomics databases of plants have accelerated the investigation of alkaloid metabolism and many players behind the complexity and uniqueness of alkaloid biosynthetic pathways. Here we discuss recent discoveries of P450s involved in the chemical diversification of alkaloids and how these inform our approaches in understanding plant evolution and producing plant-derived drugs.

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