scholarly journals Precise Prediction of COVID-19 in Chest X-Ray Images Using KE Sieve Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sai Thejeshwar ◽  
Chaitanya Chokkareddy ◽  
K Eswaran
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Lung Infection ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is pressurizing the healthcare systems across the globe and few of them are on the verge of failing. The detection of this virus as early as possible will help in contaminating the spread of it as the virus is mutating itself as fast as possible and currently there are about 4,300 strains of the virus according to the reports. Clinical studies have shown that most of the COVID-19 patients suffer from a lung infection similar to influenza. So, it is possible to diagnose lung infection using imaging techniques. Although a chest computed tomography (CT) scan has been shown to be an effective imaging technique for lung-related disease diagnosis, chest X-ray is more widely available across the hospitals due to its considerably lower cost and faster imaging time than CT scan. The advancements in the area of machine learning and pattern recognition has resulted in intelligent systems that analyze CT Scans or X-ray images and classify between pneumonia and normal patients. This paper proposes KE Sieve Neural Network architecture, which helps in the rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 using chest X-ray images. This architecture is achieving an accuracy of 98.49%. This noninvasive prediction method can assist the doctors in this pandemic and reduce the stress on health care systems.

scholarly journals Deep learning-based meta-classifier approach for COVID-19 classification using CT scan and chest X-ray images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinayakumar Ravi ◽  
Harini Narasimhan ◽  
Chinmay Chakraborty ◽  
Tuan D. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

scholarly journals Therapeutic effect of cycloserine combined with anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-424
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Mabin Si ◽  
Zhihui Li ◽  
Xiulei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray

Purpose: The present study analyzes the comprehensive therapeutic effect of cycloserine, in combination with anti-tuberculosis drugs using chest X-ray and chest CT (computed tomography) scan techniques. Methods: A total of 90 patients, diagnosed with multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) were subjected to chest x-ray and CT scan before and after treatment in the two groups. Different views such as sagittal, coronal, lung window and multiplanar imaging of mediastinal window were taken. Some parameters such as case detection rate (CDR) in chest X-ray and CT scan and comprehensive curative effect were observed in two groups. Further, the changes in chest CT signs in addition to absorption of focus, cavity closure and changes in CT extra pulmonary signs were also observed. Results: The clinical profile of the patients and the course of disease were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Total effectiveness rate and case detection rate (CDR) values exhibited a significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). Lung consolidation, nodules and cavities significantly improved in both groups before and after the treatment (p < 0.05). Both groups showed significant improvements in extrapulmonary signs in CT scan (p < 0.05) after the treatment. Conclusion: Based on the study outcomes, the CT scan method has good potentials for diagnosing and treating MDR TB at the early stages. Further, it can clarify the signs and outcomes of the disease at early stages, thus providing the medical fraternity a great opportunity to cure the disease.

scholarly journals CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDREN WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS IN KHARKIV REGION

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Ekateryna Yanovska ◽  
Victoria Klimenko ◽  
Elena Pasichnik
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Bacteriological Examination ◽  
Epithelial Lining Fluid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Microbiological Status

The work is devoted to the study of the clinical and paraclinical peculiarities in children with CF (including respiratory tract microbiocenosis) in Kharkiv region. Also it is about the correlation of microbiological status of CF patients with the disease morbidity.Under the supervision were 30 children with cystic fibrosis. They conducted clinical, paraclinical (bacteriological examination of sputum and epithelial lining fluid, chest X-ray, CT scan of lungs) were performed.Clinical and paraclinic (bacteriological examination of sputum and epithelial lining fluid, chest X-ray, CT scan of lungs) were performed.During observations revealed that the condition severity of CF patients is associated with chronic P. aeruginosa infection, and B. cepacia. And also, that none of patients in Kharkiv region has determined  any of pathognomonic respiratory causative microorganisms – M. Tuberculosis and non-tuberculous micobacteria, H. influenza, Ralstonia picketi, condition of infecting by P. Aeruginosa is not identified, and this is the evidence of insufficient laboratory diagnostics.Key words: cystiс fibrosis, children, microflora В.А. Клименко, К.О. Яновська, О.В. ПасічникКЛІНІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ДІТЕЙ З МУКОВІСЦИДОЗОМ В ХАРКІВСЬКОМУ РЕГІОНІРобота присвячена вивченню клініко-параклінічних особливостей дітей з МВ (в тому числі - мікробіоценоз респіраторного тракту) в Харківському регіоні. А також визначенню кореляції мікробіологічного статусу хворих МВ з тяжкістю перебігу захворювання.Під наглядом були 30 дітей, хворих на муковісцидоз. Їм проведені клінічні, параклінічні (бактеріологічне дослідження мокротиння і промивних вод бронхів, рентгенограма органів грудної клітки, комп'ютерна томографія легенів) дослідження.В ході спостережень виявлено, що тяжкість стану хворих МВ асоційована з хронічною інфекцією P. aeruginosa і B. cepacia. А також, що в Харківському регіоні з патогномонічних респіраторних збудників МВ у жодного хворого не виявлено M. Tuberculosis і non-tuberculous micobacteria, H. influenza, Ralstonia picketi, не визначається статус інфікування P. aeruginosa, що свідчить про незадовільну лабораторну діагностику.Ключові слова: муковісцидоз, діти, мікрофлора. В.А.  Клименко, Е.А. Яновская, Е.В. ПасичникКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ДЕТЕЙ С МУКОВИСЦИДОЗОМ В ХАРЬКОВСКОМ РЕГИОНЕРабота посвящена изучению клинико-параклинических особенностей детей с МВ (в том числе – микробиоценоз респираторного тракта) в Харьковском регионе. А также определению корреляции микробиологического статуса больных МВ с тяжестью течения заболевания.Под наблюдением были 30 детей, больных муковисцидозом. Им проведены клинические, параклинические (бактериологическое исследование мокроты и промывных вод бронхов, рентгенограмма органов грудной клетки, компьютерная томография легких) исследования.В ходе наблюдений выявлено, что тяжесть состояния больных МВ ассоциирована с хронической инфекцией P. aeruginosa и B. cepacia.  А также, что в Харьковском регионе из патогномоничных респираторных возбудителей МВ ни у одного больного не выявлено M. Tuberculosis и non-tuberculous micobacteria, H. influenza, Ralstonia picketi, не определяется статус инфицирования P. aeruginosa, что свидетельствует о неудовлетворительной лабораторной диагностике.Ключевые слова: муковисцидоз, дети,  микрофлора.

Improving multi-label chest X-ray disease diagnosis by exploiting disease and health labels dependencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 14889-14902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongyuan Ge ◽  
Dwarikanath Mahapatra ◽  
Xiaojun Chang ◽  
Zetao Chen ◽  
Lianhua Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

scholarly journals (F)utility of computed tomography of the chest in the presence of pleural effusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilak Pathak ◽  
Malvinder S. Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Plain Chest ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

AbstractBackgroundPleural effusion is common and can cause significant morbidity. The chest X-ray is often the initial radiological test, but additional tests may be required to reduce uncertainty and to provide additional diagnostic information. However, additional exposure and unnecessary costs should be prevented. The objective of the study was to assess the clinical benefit of an additional chest computed tomography (CT) scan over plain chest X-ray alone in the management of patients with pleural effusion.MethodsRetrospective analysis in 94 consecutive patients with pleural effusion who underwent chest X-ray and CT scan over an 18-month period in a single institution. All chest X-ray and CT scan reports were compared and correlated with clinical parameters in order to assess their utility in the clinical management. No blinding was applied.ResultsIn 75 chest CT scan reports (80 %), information provided by the radiologist did not change clinical management when compared to plain chest X-ray alone and did not provide any additional information over chest X-ray. Only 2/49 (4 %) of the native chest CT scan reports provided clinically relevant information as compared to 17/45 (38 %) contrast-enhanced chest CT scan reports (p<0.001).ConclusionsIn this retrospective cohort of patients with pleural effusion, an additional chest CT scan was not useful in the majority of patients. However, if a chest CT scan is required, then a contrast-enhanced study after pleural aspiration should be performed. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

Ultrasound Detection of Pneumothorax Compared with Chest X-Ray and Computed Tomography Scan

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanjan Nagarsheth ◽  
Stanley Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Thoracic Ultrasound ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Pneumothorax after trauma can be a life threatening injury and its care requires expeditious and accurate diagnosis and possible intervention. We performed a prospective, single blinded study with convenience sampling at a Level I trauma center comparing thoracic ultrasound with chest X-ray and CT scan in the detection of traumatic pneumothorax. Trauma patients that received a thoracic ultrasound, chest X-ray, and chest CT scan were included in the study. The chest X-rays were read by a radiologist who was blinded to the thoracic ultrasound results. Then both were compared with CT scan results. One hundred and twenty-five patients had a thoracic ultrasound performed in the 24-month period. Forty-six patients were excluded from the study due to lack of either a chest X-ray or chest CT scan. Of the remaining 79 patients there were 22 positive pneumothorax found by CT and of those 18 (82%) were found on ultrasound and 7 (32%) were found on chest X-ray. The sensitivity of thoracic ultrasound was found to be 81.8 per cent and the specificity was found to be 100 per cent. The sensitivity of chest X-ray was found to be 31.8 per cent and again the specificity was found to be 100 per cent. The negative predictive value of thoracic ultrasound for pneumothorax was 0.934 and the negative predictive value for chest X-ray for pneumothorax was found to be 0.792. We advocate the use of chest ultrasound for detection of pneumothorax in trauma patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Newly Diagnosed Malignancies in Patients with Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis, Comparison of 18F-FDG PET/CT Scan with Chest X-ray and Abdominal Ultrasound: Data from a 40 Week Prospective, Exploratory, Single Centre Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3940
Author(s):  
Amir Emamifar ◽  
Søren Hess ◽  
Torkell Ellingsen ◽  
Susan Due Kay ◽  
Jacob Christian Bang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Pet Ct Scan

The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of newly diagnosed malignancies in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA), with the aid of 18F-FDG PET/CT scan compared to conventional imaging techniques: Chest X-ray (CXR) and abdominal ultrasound (US). Secondarily, to examine the relative diagnostic accuracy of these two imaging modalities for the detection of cancer. Eighty consecutive patients with newly diagnosed PMR, GCA, or concomitant PMR and GCA, were included and followed up for 40 weeks. All patients underwent an 18F-FDG PET/CT scan, CXR, and abdominal US at diagnosis. Imaging findings were dichotomously categorized into malignant or benign. Among 80 patients, three patients were diagnosed with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis and were excluded from the analysis. Of the remaining 77, 64 (83.1%) patients were diagnosed with pure PMR, 3 (3.9%) with pure GCA, and 10 (13.0%) with concomitant PMR and GCA. Five types of cancer that were more prevalent than the one-year prevalence of 1.2% among the background population were found in four (5.2%; 95%CI: 1.4–12.8%) patients. CXR/abdominal US could detect the solid cancer in one patient, whereas 18F-FDG PET/CT could identify all four solid cancers. Furthermore, four (5.2%; 95%CI: 1.4–12.8%) cases of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) were found. An increase in C reactive protein (CRP) implicated an increased risk for cancer of 2.4% (OR: 1.024, 95%CI: 1.001–1.047; p = 0.041). 18F-FDG PET/CT can reveal occult cancers at an early stage with a high negative predictive value, and it is specifically beneficial in PMR/GCA patients with nonspecific symptoms.

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