scholarly journals Modelling the potential impact of mask use in schools and society on COVID-19 control in the UK

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Panovska-Griffiths ◽  
C.C. Kerr ◽  
W. Waites ◽  
R.M. Stuart ◽  
D. Mistry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Effective Coverage ◽  
Adequate Test ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Second Wave

AbstractRecent findings suggest that an adequate test-trace-isolate (TTI) strategy is needed to prevent a secondary COVID-19 wave with the reopening of society in the UK. Here we assess the potential importance of mandatory masks in the parts of community and in secondary schools. We show that, assuming current TTI levels, adoption of masks in secondary schools in addition to community settings can reduce the size of a second wave, but will not prevent it; more testing of symptomatic people, tracing and isolating of their contacts is also needed. To avoid a second wave, with masks mandatory in secondary schools and in certain community settings, under current tracing levels, 68% or 46% of those with symptomatic infection would need to be tested if masks’ effective coverage were 15% or 30% respectively, compared to 76% and 57% if masks are mandated in community settings but not secondary schools.

scholarly journals Modelling the potential impact of mask use in schools and society on COVID-19 control in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Panovska-Griffiths ◽  
C. C. Kerr ◽  
W. Waites ◽  
R. M. Stuart ◽  
D. Mistry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Effective Coverage ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Second Wave

AbstractAs the UK reopened after the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic, crucial questions emerged around the role for ongoing interventions, including test-trace-isolate (TTI) strategies and mandatory masks. Here we assess the importance of masks in secondary schools by evaluating their impact over September 1–October 23, 2020. We show that, assuming TTI levels from August 2020 and no fundamental changes in the virus’s transmissibility, adoption of masks in secondary schools would have reduced the predicted size of a second wave, but preventing it would have required 68% or 46% of those with symptoms to seek testing (assuming masks’ effective coverage 15% or 30% respectively). With masks in community settings but not secondary schools, the required testing rates increase to 76% and 57%.

Best practice for chronic oedema in community settings: what can we learn?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 610-614
Author(s):  
Garry Cooper-Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Guidance Document ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Tissue Viability ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
Specialist Nurses ◽  
The Uk

There are various opportunities and challenges in the delivery of care to those diagnosed with chronic oedema/lymphoedema. Service provision is not consistent within the UK, and non-specialist nurses and other health professionals may be called on to fill the gaps in this area. The latest best practice guidance on chronic oedema is directed at community services that care for people within their own homes in primary care. This guide was developed in order to increase awareness, knowledge and access to an evidence base. Those involved in its creation cross specialist fields (lymphoedema and tissue viability), resulting in the document covering a number of areas, including an explanation of chronic oedema, its assessment and management and the association between chronic oedema and wet legs. The document complements existing frameworks on the condition and its management and also increases the available tools within chronic oedema management in the community. The present article provides an overview of the guidance document and discusses its salient features.

scholarly journals The potential dangers of not understanding COVID-19 public health restrictions in dementia: “It’s a groundhog day – every single day she does not understand why she can’t go out for a walk”

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Giebel ◽  
Kerry Hanna ◽  
Manoj Rajagopal ◽  
Aravind Komuravelli ◽  
Jacqueline Cannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Third Sector Organisations ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Background Sudden public health restrictions can be difficult to comprehend for people with cognitive deficits. However, these are even more important for them to adhere to due to their increased levels of vulnerability, particularly to COVID-19. With a lack of previous evidence, we explored the understanding and changes in adherence to COVID-19 public health restrictions over time in people living with dementia (PLWD). Methods Unpaid carers and PLWD were interviewed over the phone in April 2020, shortly after the nationwide UK lockdown, with a proportion followed up from 24th June to 10th July. Participants were recruited via social care and third sector organisations across the UK, and via social media. Findings A total of 70 interviews (50 baseline, 20 follow-up) were completed with unpaid carers and PLWD. Five themes emerged: Confusion and limited comprehension; Frustration and burden; Putting oneself in danger; Adherence to restrictions in wider society; (Un) changed perceptions. Most carers reported limited to no understanding of the public health measures in PLWD, causing distress and frustration for both the carer and the PLWD. Due to the lack of understanding, some PLWD put themselves in dangerous situations without adhering to the restrictions. PLWD with cognitive capacity who participated understood the measures and adhered to these. Discussion In light of the new second wave of the pandemic, public health measures need to be simpler for PLWD to avoid unwilful non-adherence. Society also needs to be more adaptive to the needs of people with cognitive disabilities more widely, as blanket rules cause distress to the lives of those affected by dementia.

scholarly journals Development of a Cancer Risk Prediction Tool for Use in the UK Primary Care and Community Settings

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 421-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artitaya Lophatananon ◽  
Juliet Usher-Smith ◽  
Jackie Campbell ◽  
Joanne Warcaba ◽  
Barbora Silarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Prediction Tool ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals “At Least until the Second Wave Comes…”: A Twitter Analysis of the NHS and COVID-19 between March and June 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3943
Author(s):  
Kathy McKay ◽  
Sarah Wayland ◽  
David Ferguson ◽  
Jane Petty ◽  
Eilis Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Twitter Analysis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Media Narratives ◽  
Second Wave

In the UK, tweets around COVID-19 and health care have primarily focused on the NHS. Recent research has identified that the psychological well-being of NHS staff has been adversely impacted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate narratives relating to the NHS and COVID-19 during the first lockdown (26 March–4 July 2020). A total of 123,880 tweets were collated and downloaded bound to the time period of the first lockdown in order to analyse the real-time discourse around COVID-19 and the NHS. Content analysis was undertaken and tweets were coded to positive and negative sentiments. Five main themes were identified: (1) the dichotomies of ‘clap for carers’; (2) problems with PPE and testing; (3) peaks of anger; (4) issues around hero worship; and (5) hints of a normality. Further research exploring and documenting social media narratives around COVID-19 and the NHS, in this and subsequent lockdowns, should help in tailoring suitable support for staff in the future and acknowledging the profound impact that the pandemic has had.

scholarly journals An OSCE as part of the first-year SpR assessmentinent in ENT

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 310-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Drake-Lee ◽  
D Skinner ◽  
A Reid
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
European Law ◽  
Senior Registrar ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Second Wave

The structure of postgraduate hospital training in the UK has changed in the last 20 years: the Calman report brought training in line with European law and the SpR post was created out of the registrar and senior registrar posts. Implementation of the new training was staggered across specialties. ENT was included in the second wave of implementation in October 1995. At the same time, consultant expansion was envisaged.

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