scholarly journals PUBLIC TRANSIT RIDERSHIP ANALYSIS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Ahangari ◽  
Celeste Chavis ◽  
Mansoureh Jeihani
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Transit Ridership

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the effect of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on public transport ridership in Baltimore and nine other U.S. cities similar to Baltimore, in terms of population and service area, during the first five months of 2020. The analysis is based on ridership numbers, vehicle revenue hours, and vehicles operated in maximum service. A compliance analysis was done between 2020 and 2019, as well as a monthly analysis of 2020 by mode and type of services. In comparison to 2019, the ridership decreases from March, the start of the pandemic, while all ten cities experienced the most decrease in ridership in April.

scholarly journals Understanding Users’ Satisfaction Towards Public Transit System in India: A Case-Study of Mumbai

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Rahul Das
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Developing Cities

In this work, we present a novel approach to understand the quality of public transit system in resource constrained regions using user-generated contents. With growing urban population, it is getting difficult to manage travel demand in an effective way. This problem is more prevalent in developing cities due to lack of budget and proper surveillance system. Due to resource constraints, developing cities have limited infrastructure to monitor transport services. To improve the quality and patronage of public transit system, authorities often use manual travel surveys. But manual surveys often suffer from quality issues. For example, respondents may not provide all the detailed travel information in a manual travel survey. The survey may have sampling bias. Due to close-ended design (specific questions in the questionnaire), lots of relevant information may not be captured in a manual survey process. To address these issues, we investigated if user-generated contents, for example, Twitter data, can be used to understand service quality in Greater Mumbai in India, which can complement existing manual survey process. To do this, we assumed that, if a tweet is relevant to public transport system and contains negative sentiment, then that tweet expresses user’s dissatisfaction towards the public transport service. Since most of the tweets do not have any explicit geolocation, we also presented a model that does not only extract users’ dissatisfaction towards public transit system but also retrieves the spatial context of dissatisfaction and the potential causes that affect the service quality. It is observed that a Random Forest-based model outperforms other machine learning models, while yielding 0.97 precision and 0.88 F1-score.

Transit Planning Optimization Under Ride-Hailing Competition and Traffic Congestion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keji Wei ◽  
Vikrant Vaze ◽  
Alexandre Jacquillat
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Nonlinear Program ◽  
Transit Planning ◽  
Planning Optimization ◽  
Transit Ridership ◽  
Transit Agencies

With the soaring popularity of ride-hailing, the interdependence between transit ridership, ride-hailing ridership, and urban congestion motivates the following question: can public transit and ride-hailing coexist and thrive in a way that enhances the urban transportation ecosystem as a whole? To answer this question, we develop a mathematical and computational framework that optimizes transit schedules while explicitly accounting for their impacts on road congestion and passengers’ mode choice between transit and ride-hailing. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear program and solved using a bilevel decomposition algorithm. Based on computational case study experiments in New York City, our optimized transit schedules consistently lead to 0.4%–3% system-wide cost reduction. This amounts to rush-hour savings of millions of dollars per day while simultaneously reducing the costs to passengers and transportation service providers. These benefits are driven by a better alignment of available transportation options with passengers’ preferences—by redistributing public transit resources to where they provide the strongest societal benefits. These results are robust to underlying assumptions about passenger demand, transit level of service, the dynamics of ride-hailing operations, and transit fare structures. Ultimately, by explicitly accounting for ride-hailing competition, passenger preferences, and traffic congestion, transit agencies can develop schedules that lower costs for passengers, operators, and the system as a whole: a rare win–win–win outcome.

Comparison of Two Common Approaches to Public Transit Service Equity Evaluation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2531 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Karner ◽  
Aaron Golub
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
Transit Ridership ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Equity Evaluation ◽  
Equity Effects ◽  
Service Change

Understanding the equity effects of transit service changes requires good information about the demographics of transit ridership. Onboard survey data and census data can be used to estimate equity effects, although there is no clear reason to conclude that these two sources will lead to the same findings. Guidance from the FTA recommends the use of either of these data sources to estimate equity impacts. This study made a direct comparison of the two methods for the public transit system in the Phoenix, Arizona, metropolitan area. The results indicated that although both sources were acceptable for FTA compliance, the use of one or the other could affect whether a proposed service change was deemed equitable. In other words, the outcome of a service change equity analysis could differ as a result of the data source used. To ensure the integrity and meaning of such analyses, FTA should recommend the collection and use of ridership data for conducting service change analyses to supplement approaches that are based on census data.

The Role of Mass Transport for Sustainable Public Transit in Developing Cities

2018 ◽  
pp. 416-442
Author(s):  
Belew Dagnew Bogale
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Developing Cities ◽  
Recent Project ◽  
Transit Performance

The need for an efficient public mass transportation system in the context of developing countries can well be overemphasized since a majority of the urban population continues to be either captive walkers or users of the public transport facility. In Addis Ababa, inadequacy of public transit and improper traffic management issues are dominant problems. Evidence indicates that solutions related to traffic congestion and accidents are still left behind the city. However, it is expected that the recent project interventions and initiatives will enhance the capability of the public transit to deliver effective and sustainable transportation. This chapter evaluates the public transit performance, the initiatives towards terminals, and the future models for implementation. It concludes that an integrated public mass transit system is vital to a sustainable future public transport in developing cities in general and in Addis Ababa in particular. Recommendations are forwarded in the chapter.

Modelling Urban Public Transit Users' Route Choice Behaviour

2011 ◽  
pp. 134-146
Author(s):  
Yulin Lee ◽  
Jonathan Bunker ◽  
Luis Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Route Choice ◽  
User Equilibrium ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transit Assignment ◽  
The Road ◽  
Transit Route ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Assignment Models

Public transport is one of the key promoters of sustainable urban transport. To encourage and increase public transport patronage it is important to investigate the route choice behaviours of urban public transit users. This chapter reviews the main developments of modelling urban public transit users’ route choice behaviours in a historical perspective, from the 1960s to the present time. The approaches reviewed for this study include the early heuristic studies on finding the least-cost transit route and all-or-nothing transit assignment, the bus common lines problem, the disaggregate discrete choice models, the deterministic and stochastic user equilibrium transit assignment models, and the recent dynamic transit assignment models. This chapter also provides an outlook for the future directions of modelling transit users’ route choice behaviours. Through the comparison with the development of models for motorists’ route choice and traffic assignment problems, this chapter advocates that transit route choice research should draw inspiration from the research outcomes from the road area, and that the modelling practice of transit users’ route choice should further explore the behavioural complexities.

scholarly journals Emerging from the ‘worst’: An ethnography of the modern Filipino commuting culture behind the Metro Manila traffic crisis

2019 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 01032
Author(s):  
A J Fallaria ◽  
R de Jesus ◽  
M Carpio ◽  
F L Jacinto ◽  
L De Leon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Summary Report ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Metro Manila

Metropolitan Manila has become the world’s ‘worst’ in terms of its traffic scenarios and such crisis left an impact to the commuters which has led to the emergence of the modern Filipino commuting culture. The ethnography utilized covert participant observation in which the researchers immersed themselves in the culture and experience the activities of the commuting culture. They also conducted personal and synchronous interview to the participants involved. The findings of the study are summarized through five emergent themes which represent the roots of the culture’s existence, the commuters’ preferences on public transit modes, the features of Metro Manila commuting experiences, the coping mechanisms and adjustments done by commuters, and the desires and decisions for commuting experiences, respectively. Also, the mentioned culture reflected the Filipino values such as patience, crab mentality, and the misused value of resilience. The findings ended with a concrete recommendation to establish an Internet-based platform for Metro Manila commuters and a summary report intended for public transport stakeholders and public officials.

scholarly journals Do Bus Rapid Transit Systems Improve Accessibility to Job Opportunities for the Poor? The Case of Lima, Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Oviedo ◽  
Lynn Scholl ◽  
Marco Innao ◽  
Lauramaria Pedraza
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Double Difference ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
The Poor ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The City

Investments in public transit infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean often aim to reduce spatial and social inequalities by improving accessibility to jobs and other opportunities for vulnerable populations. One of the central goals of Lima’s Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) project was to connect low-income populations living in the peripheries to jobs in the city center, a policy objective that has not yet been evaluated. Building on secondary datasets of employment, household socio-demographics and origin–destination surveys before and after the BRT began operations, this paper examines the contribution of Lima’s BRT system to accessibility to employment in the city, particularly for low-income public transit users. We estimated the effects on potential accessibility to employment, comparing impacts on lower versus higher income populations, and assessed the changes in location-based accessibility to employment before (2004) and after implementation (2012) for treatment and comparison groups. We found that the BRT line reduced travel times for commuters to reach jobs, in comparison with traditional public transport in the city. However, the coverage of the BRT declines in areas with high concentrations of poor populations, limiting the equitability of accessibility improvements. The analysis by socioeconomic sub-groups found positive effects of the BRT system on accessibility for the higher income areas. Relative to the control group, accessibility increased in the 10-km boundary area of the BRT by 0.01, a seven percent increase relative to the treatment baseline accessibility index in the higher socioeconomic (SES) areas of the city. In contrast, in the areas with high concentrations of lower SES populations, the double difference estimate indicated an 11 percent decrease relative to the baseline accessibility index (0.09). We build on case-specific findings and international literature to reflect on policy avenues to include the poor in the mobility benefits of BRT systems. These measures include targeted fare subsidies for low-income groups, fare integration with other forms of public transport that reduce the cost of transfers, and the increase of coverage of the BRT through the integration of stations with non-motorized infrastructure.

Discussion on the Land Using Mode of Conventional Public Transit Oriented City

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 645-649
Author(s):  
Liang Guo ◽  
Hui He ◽  
Ling Ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Land Using

For the contradiction between the current urban public transport system and land use status in many small and medium-sized cities, the purpose of the paper is to present the counterplan framework of the land using mode and to provide mechanism and ensuring for the land using mode that matches the conventional public transit system.

scholarly journals Mobilidade urbana e direito à cidade: uma entrevista com Lúcio Gregori sobre transporte coletivo e Tarifa Zero

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Fix ◽  
Giovani Espíndola Ribeiro ◽  
André Doca Prado
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
City Bus ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
Private Individual ◽  
Power Games

Resumo: Neste artigo, apresentamos e discutimos uma entrevista realizada, em 2015, com Lúcio Gregori, proponente da Tarifa Zero em São Paulo. Buscamos compreender o surgimento da proposta, nos anos 1990, e seus desdobramentos. Para tanto, são analisadas algumas das manifestações de apoio e resistência à aprovação da proposta, assim como sua formulação técnica, os jogos de interesses nela envolvidos e as modalidades de financiamento que a viabilizariam. São examinadas, igualmente, as características do “negócio” do transporte e das empresas que atuam em tal setor. Situamos a proposta da Tarifa Zero no debate sobre mobilidade urbana, relacionando-a com a luta pelo Direito à Cidade. Além disso, discutimos a hegemonia do transporte individual privado e algumas de suas consequências.Palavras-chave: mobilidade urbana; tarifa zero; direito à cidade; ônibus; transporte coletivo. Urban mobility and the right to the city: an interview with Lucio Gregori on (free) public transportAbstract: In this article, we present and discuss an interview with Lúcio Gregori, in 2015, the proposer of the Tarifa Zero (Zero-Fare Public Transit) Bill. We seek to understand the emergence of the proposal, in the 1990s, and its consequences. Therefore, we discuss some of the expressions of support and resistance to the adoption of the proposal, as well as its technical formulation, the power games involved, and the financing arrangements that would allow it. The characteristics of the “business” of transport and of the companies operating in this sector are also examined. We situate the proposal of Zero-Fare in the debate on urban mobility, linking it to the struggle for the right to the city. In addition, we discuss the hegemony of private individual transport and some of its consequences.Keywords: urban mobility; Zero-Fare; right to the city; bus; public transport.

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