scholarly journals ADHERENCE TO NATIONAL HEALTHCARE REFERRAL GUIDELINES AND ITS EFFECT ON THE MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES AMONG CHILDREN SEEN AT A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN WESTERN KENYA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Jairus Njanwe ◽  
Irene Marete ◽  
Samuel Ayaya
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
Tertiary Teaching

ABSTRACTIntroductionReferral guidelines are meant to ensure coordination and continuity across all levels of healthcare. Poor adherence to these guidelines could result in increased morbidity and mortality among the patients who are denied access; especially in the resource constrained healthcare settings in developing economies.AimTo determine adherence to the national healthcare referral guidelines and immediate outcomes of children seen at a tertiary teaching hospital in Western Kenya.Materials and methodsA Cross-sectional study conducted at the Pediatric emergency department of Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Western Kenya between February to June 2016. A total of 422 children aged below 15 years were recruited systematically. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaires and clinical chart reviews respectively. Checklists were used to collect information from ambulances. Pearson chi-square tests and odds ratios were used to test for association between predictor and outcome variables using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version-24.ResultsMore than half (55.5%) of the 422 children enrolled were male while 51.4% were aged between 5 to 14 years. Hospital referrals accounted for 15.9% (n=67) with the rest being self-referrals and no counter referrals seen. Adherence to all the four transfer guideline requirements was observed in 46.3% (n=31) of the 67 hospital referrals. Less than half (46.3%) of the hospital referrals had their referring facilities calling the receiving facility prior to initiating the referral; 83.6% had a referral document; 64.2% were transferred in ambulances while 68.7% (n=46) were accompanied by health care workers. Most (88.1%) of the hospital referrals were admitted. Lower level of parental education (p= 0.025), residing outside the host county (p<0.001) and a child being older than five years (p = 0.015) were significantly associated with hospital referrals. Hospital referrals were nearly three times (AOR = 2.932; 95% CI: 2.422 – 3.550; p<0.001) more likely to be admitted compared to children who were self-referred.ConclusionThere is low adherence to national healthcare referral guidelines among children seen at the second largest national hospital in Kenya; with less than half of hospital referrals transferred as per the transfer process guidelines.

scholarly journals Assessing the financial burden of hemodialysis treatment in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Fatin Aqilah Mohd Fadzli ◽  
Ali Aminuddin Mohd Rasani ◽  
Soon Lean Keng
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Income Class ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Financial Burdens

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) spend substantial money on hemodialysis (HD) treatment. The growing intersection between socioeconomic status and financial burden represents an emerging challenge to the CKD community. Objective: This study assessed the financial burden of HD treatment on patients at a Malaysian tertiary teaching hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the HD unit at a Malaysian tertiary teaching hospital from January to February 2021. Patients undergoing HD were purposively selected. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic, finances, the patient's health history, treatment costs, and healthcare utilization. In addition, Pearson Chi-Square tests were used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 100 patients receiving HD treatment were included in the study. The mean age was 62.06 years (SD = 27.50), with 52% reporting moderate financial burdens. The financial burden was associated with employment status, salary, and income class among HD patients (p <0.05).  Conclusion: Evidence showed a large proportion of Malaysian patients receiving HD treatment came from the B40 income bracket. The findings indicate that financial burdens can impact HD patients and are related to employment status, salary, and income class. Therefore, the ability to identify HD patients' financial needs is critical in nursing practice.

scholarly journals Premenstrual Syndrome in Students of a Teaching Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Shreya Shrestha ◽  
Debika Dangol ◽  
Barun Babu Aryal ◽  
Sabina Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Premenstrual Symptom ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
Symptom Screening

Background: Premenstrual syndrome is group of psychosomatic symptoms which occurs during second half of menstrual cycle. Significant number of reproductive aged females suffer from it with its impact on their daily activities. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence, severity and impacts of Premenstrual syndrome on female students of a teaching hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among female students of a teaching hospital from Kathmandu over a period of three months. Premenstrual Symptom Screening Tool was used to quantify the symptoms severity and their effect in activities. In addition; patient profile, socioeconomic status were recorded. The obtained information was entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences and analyzed. Findings were then interpreted using chi-square test.Results: Out of the 285 respondents, 206 (72.3%) reported at least one premenstrual syndrome symptom of moderate to severe intensity among which 74 (25.9%) had at least one severe symptom. Six individuals (2.1%) fulfilled all criteria for Pre-Menstrual Dysphoric Disorder and 49 (17.2%) fulfilled the criteria for moderate to severe premenstrual syndrome and rest (80.7%) were having no or mild premenstrual syndrome with isolated symptoms. PMS was found to have significant association to menstrual bleeding (p?0.001) and severity of dysmenorrhea (p?0.001), family history of premenstrual syndrome (p=0.019) and physical activity (p=0.021). Conclusions: Premenstrual syndrome is common in female and has a considerable impact on day to day activities activities although its severe form Pre-Menstrual Dysphoric Disorder is less common.Keywords: Female students; Nepal; premenstrual syndrome.

scholarly journals Use of Energy Drinks Among Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Gulsen Yalçın ◽  
Bahattin Sayinbatur ◽  
Musa Caynak
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Diseases

Aim: Energy drinks are widely consumed among young people, although they have serious side effects. This study is intended to describe the relations between variables such as socio-demographic characteristics, daily habits, consumption of energy drinks, and its frequency among participants. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive research is a survey of consecutive patients aged between 10 and 18 years who admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Outpatient Clinic of Diyarbakır Pediatric Diseases Hospital between November 1, 2019 and April 30, 2020. Note that the frequency distribution and averages were found and categorical data were compared using the chi-square test while numerical data were compared using the independent sample t test. Results: Note that 503 participants were included in the study; the mean age of the participants was 16.0±1.9 years, 59.4% (n=299), of which were male. Moreover, 64.2% (n=323), of the participants consumed energy drinks with 65.3% (n=211) consuming one can per week; 45.5% (n=147) of participants consumed energy drinks out of curiosity. Moreover, as the level of education and income of the participants and the parents decreased, the consumption of energy drinks increased, and this was statistically significant. Alcohol, smoking, and substance use increased the rate of energy drinks consumption, which was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Educational programs should be planned to inform the whole society, and especially children and adolescents with low socioeconomic status and educational background about the damages to health caused by energy drinks consumption. Moreover, it is necessary to review the legal regulations for the sale and marketing of energy drinks. Keywords: energy drinks, consumption, adolescents

scholarly journals Leave Against Medical Advice amongst Pediatric Patients Admitted in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (241) ◽  
pp. 897-901
Author(s):  
Sahisnuta Basnet ◽  
Ganesh B.K ◽  
Aslam Ansari ◽  
Suraj Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Against Medical Advice ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital

Introduction: Leave against medical advice has a potentially deleterious effect on the health of a child. This is particularly alarming in case of pediatric patients as they are unable to understand the implications of it and rely on parents to make decisions regarding their health. This study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of leave against medical advice among pediatric patients admitted in a tertiary teaching hospital in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Manipal Teaching Hospital between August 2019 and July 2020. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Ref: 256). Convenient sampling method was used. Data entry and analysis was done on Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.Results: Out of 1608 pediatric admissions taken in our study, the prevalence of leave against medical advice was found to be 67 (4.2%) at 95% Confidence Interval (3.22-5.18). Maximum 22 (33%) and minimum 6 (9%) patients respectively belonged to the age group from birth to 7 days and more than 10 years. Out of 67 cases, there were 36 (54%) males and 31 (46%) females.Conclusions: The prevalence of leave against medical advice among admitted pediatric patients in our study was similar to that of other studies. It is a social health problem which can be prevented by increasing the awareness and facilitating the use of health insurance schemes. More effective communication is required between the treating physicians and the parents to prevent this detrimental practice.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Correlation between Scalp Hematoma and Cranial Fractures and Intracranial Lesions in Children Presenting with Minor Head Trauma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Nafisi Moghadam ◽  
Mehrdad Mansouri ◽  
Seyed Kazem Razavi ◽  
Nasim Namiranian ◽  
Mohammad Sobhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minor Head Trauma ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intracranial Lesions

Introduction: Minor head trauma is one of the common causes of pediatric reference to emergency ward. This study investigated the correlation between scalp hematoma,cranial fractures and intracranial lesions in children presenting with minor head traumata. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data gathering were done in 2016-17. All children under 18 years of age (933 individuals) who referred to Shahid Rahnemoun Pediatric Emergency Center in Yazd with a complaint of minor head trauma and underwent a CT scan according to American Academy Criteria were included in the study. The mean age of the children was 11.67 years. CT scan of 209 patients (%22.41) reported scalp hematoma. A radiologist who did not have any information about the study was asked to interpret the CT scans using a predesigned checklist. Finally, the data were encoded into an Excel file and statistically analyzed by STATA10 software using Chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: The scalp hematoma was significantly related to intraventricular hemorrhage (P<0.001), subarachnoid hemorrhage (P<0.001), intracerebral hemorrhage (P<0.001), cerebral edema (P<0.001), subepidural hemorrhage (P<0.001), cerebral concussion (P<0.001), cerebral shift (P<0.001), pneumocephalus (P<0.001), and cranial fracture (P<0.001); however, scalp hematoma was not significantly related to diffuse axonal injury (P=0.27). Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the importance of presence of scalp hematoma in clinical assessment of children with minor head trauma aged less than 18 years. It is recommended that children with minor head trauma be treated and evaluated more in the emergency department more vigilantly and meticulously.

scholarly journals Oral Health Knowledge, Awareness and Associated Practices of Pre-school Children’s Parents in Damascus, Syria: a cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Lala ◽  
Saleh Al Kurdi ◽  
Chaza Kouchaji
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Child Gender ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Education Level ◽  
Hygiene Practices

Abstract Background: Oral health hygiene and practices of pre-school children depends on the knowledge, awareness, and attitude of their parents. Parental education level, family background and family size play an important role in adapting oral hygiene practices. Also, oral health behaviors vary between boys and girls, and it is generally believed that girls are better at taking care of their oral hygiene than boys. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess oral health hygiene and practices of pre-school children (4-6 years old) and its correlation with their parent's education level, child gender and child order between his/her brothers in the family.Methods: A survey was conducted randomly among 270 parents of Damascus population. Access to the parents in the target age group was achieved through face-to-face interaction (14 parents), online (87 parents) and two different kindergartens in two different social areas (169 parents). A set of 17 questions were formulated, and the questionnaire was distributed. A comparison of the answers from the collected data was made on SPSS 24 using Chi-Square Tests.Results: Chi-Square Tests showed the important role of parental education level and its associated with regular dental visit (9.3%), temporary teeth treatment (48.1%), no early extracted teeth due to caries (48.5%) and no current caries (35.2%). On the other hand, there was no difference between child gender or order and daily oral hygiene practices.Conclusion: This study highlights the role of Parental education level in the quality of a child’s oral hygiene practices. Although some parents were aware of the importance of temporary teeth treatment and preventing caries through a regular dental visit, they weren’t aware of some deleterious oral habits.

scholarly journals Presenteeism and safety culture: evaluation of health workers in a teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roosi Eloiza Bolzan Zanon ◽  
Graziele de Lima Dalmolin ◽  
Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza Magnago ◽  
Rafaela Andolhe ◽  
Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Safety Climate ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Attitudes ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Sample Characterization

ABSTRACT Objectives: to verify associations between presenteeism and safety culture among health workers. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study with health workers from a teaching hospital in Rio Grande do Sul. Data collection took place through instruments of sample characterization, the Brazilian version of the Stanford Presenteeism Scale and the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results: a total of 758 (48%) professionals participated; 330 (43.5%) presenteeism were identified, who evaluated the safety culture more negatively compared to non- presenteeism. The safety culture had a mean less than 75; associations between presenteeism and general safety culture were observed, and with the domains of teamwork climate, safety climate, stress recognition and working conditions. Conclusions: presenteeism was associated with a safety culture, which requires investment by hospital management, with consideration to the health of workers.

scholarly journals Knowledge of patients about their diagnosis after visiting doctors' consulting rooms at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH), Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Eyiah ◽  
Kwasi Agyen-Mensah ◽  
Richard Ogirma Baidoo
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consultation Time

Objective: Several cross-sectional studies have showed increased reportage of patients who are not aware of their disease conditions. This study therefore aimed at assessing the knowledge of patients about their diagnosis after visiting the doctors consulting rooms at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenient sampling method involving consenting patients who were presenting to the OPD clinics within the time-frame. The research instrument used was an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 440 patients were enrolled into the study with a mean age of 45.6518.08 years. The study population was slightly dominated by males who formed 55.5%. For other socio-demographic determinants, 86.8% were employed with 5.2% being health workers and most of them (91.8%) had had formal education. Only 34.1% enjoyed a consultation time of 30 minutes and above. Most of the patients (83%) were told their diagnosis, got an explanation and understood but then 17% were never told their diagnosis. Chi-square test showed that occupation, educational level, frequency of hospital visit and consultation time were associated with being told your diagnosis but no association was found between these factors and the understanding of their diagnosis. Conclusion: The study revealed that most of the patients had an appreciable knowledge of the diagnosis together with its explanation However, a minority of them were not aware of their diagnosis and this indicates the need for nationwide educational interventions to improve doctor-patient interaction.

Workplace violence among nurses and physicians in a tertiary teaching hospital in Egypt

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dena Ali Abozaid ◽  
Mohamed Momen ◽  
Nahla Fawzi Abou El Ezz ◽  
Hanaa Abdelhakiem Ahmed ◽  
Mahi Mahmoud Al-Tehewy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Healthcare Professions ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Nurses And Physicians ◽  
Violence In The Workplace

Abstract Background Workplace violence (WPV) has been recognized as a major occupational hazard worldwide. Healthcare professions are particularly at a higher risk of WPV. Reported magnitude of WPV represents only the tip of an iceberg. The consequences of WPV in healthcare sector are dramatic; it affects the wellbeing of healthcare professions as well as the quality of the delivered service. Objective The study aimed to measure the magnitude of WPV, to identify factors associated with WPV among nurses and physicians working in a tertiary teaching hospital in Egypt. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 114 physicians and 128 nurses were interviewed about exposure to WPV within the previous 12 months. Results The study found a high magnitude of WPV; nearly three fourth of physicians and nurses experienced violence in the workplace within the past 12 months. Female physicians experienced WPV more commonly compared to male physicians. There was a statistically significant association between type of patient nurses commonly cared for and experiencing WPV. Conclusion and Recommendations WPV among healthcare professions is an increasing problem that needs to be addressed. Increasing awareness of the problem among healthcare professions as well as the general public is warranted. Violence prevention program with a zero-tolerance policy is warranted.

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