scholarly journals Human retrosplenial theta and alpha modulation in active spatial navigation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien-Thong Nguyen Do ◽  
Chin-Teng Lin ◽  
Klaus Gramann
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Theta Activity ◽  
Neural Dynamics ◽  
Head Direction ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Navigation Task ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Starting Location ◽  
Proprioceptive Inputs

AbstractSpatial navigation is a complex cognitive process based on multiple senses that are integrated and processed by a wide network of brain areas. Previous studies have revealed the retrosplenial complex (RSC) to be modulated in a task-related manner during navigation. However, these studies restricted participants’ movement to stationary setups, which might have impacted heading computations due to the absence of vestibular and proprioceptive inputs. Here, we investigated neural dynamics of RSC in an active spatial navigation task where participants actively ambulated from one location to several other points while the position of a landmark and the starting location were updated. The results revealed theta power in the RSC to be pronounced during heading changes but not during translational movements, indicating that physical rotations induce human RSC theta activity. This finding provides a potential evidence of head-direction computation in RSC in healthy humans during active spatial navigation.

scholarly journals Human brain dynamics in active spatial navigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien-Thong Nguyen Do ◽  
Chin-Teng Lin ◽  
Klaus Gramann
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Brain Dynamics ◽  
Head Direction ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Starting Location ◽  
Proprioceptive Inputs

AbstractSpatial navigation is a complex cognitive process based on multiple senses that are integrated and processed by a wide network of brain areas. Previous studies have revealed the retrosplenial complex (RSC) to be modulated in a task-related manner during navigation. However, these studies restricted participants’ movement to stationary setups, which might have impacted heading computations due to the absence of vestibular and proprioceptive inputs. Here, we present evidence of human RSC theta oscillation (4–8 Hz) in an active spatial navigation task where participants actively ambulated from one location to several other points while the position of a landmark and the starting location were updated. The results revealed theta power in the RSC to be pronounced during heading changes but not during translational movements, indicating that physical rotations induce human RSC theta activity. This finding provides a potential evidence of head-direction computation in RSC in healthy humans during active spatial navigation.

scholarly journals Neural Dynamics of Associative Learning during Human Sleep

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1708-1715
Author(s):  
Andrés Canales-Johnson ◽  
Emiliano Merlo ◽  
Tristan A Bekinschtein ◽  
Anat Arzi
Keyword(s):  
Associative Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Theta Activity ◽  
Neural Dynamics ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Human Sleep ◽  
New Information ◽  
Early Acquisition ◽  
Dynamic Interplay

Abstract Recent evidence indicates that humans can learn entirely new information during sleep. To elucidate the neural dynamics underlying sleep-learning, we investigated brain activity during auditory–olfactory discriminatory associative learning in human sleep. We found that learning-related delta and sigma neural changes are involved in early acquisition stages, when new associations are being formed. In contrast, learning-related theta activity emerged in later stages of the learning process, after tone–odor associations were already established. These findings suggest that learning new associations during sleep is signaled by a dynamic interplay between slow-waves, sigma, and theta activity.

Ondansetron improves cognitive performance in the Morris water maze spatial navigation task

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fontana ◽  
S. E. Daniels ◽  
C. Henderson ◽  
R. M. Eglen ◽  
E. H. F. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Navigation Task

The effect of γ-vinyl-GABA on the performance of nucleus basalis-lesioned rats in spatial navigation task

1990 ◽  
Vol 537 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuula Hannila ◽  
Jouni Sirviö ◽  
Paavo J. Riekkinen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Nucleus Basalis ◽  
Navigation Task

scholarly journals The Banach-Tarski Paradox Dictates Snyergistic Routes for Scale-Free Neurodynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Tozzi ◽  
James F. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Neural Dynamics ◽  
Free Oscillations ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Cortical Oscillations ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
Physical Changes

Neuroscientists are able to detect physical changes in information entropy in available neurodata. However, the information paradigm is inadequate to fully describe nervous dynamics and mental activities such as perception. This paper provides an effort to build explanations to neural dynamics alternative to thermodynamic and information accounts. We recall the Banach–Tarski paradox (BTP), which informally states that, when pieces of a ball are moved and rotated without changing their shape, a synergy between two balls of the same volume is achieved instead of the original one. We show how and why BTP might display this physical and biological synergy meaningfully, making it possible to tackle nervous activities. The anatomical and functional structure of the central nervous system’s nodes and edges allows to perform a sequence of moves inside the connectome that doubles the amount of available cortical oscillations. In particular, a BTP-based mechanism permits scale-invariant nervous oscillations to amplify and propagate towards far apart brain areas. Paraphrasing the BPT’s definition, we could state that: when a few components of a self-similar nervous oscillation are moved and rotated throughout the cortical connectome, two self-similar oscillations are achieved instead of the original one. Furthermore, based on topological structures, we illustrate how, counterintuitively, the amplification of scale-free oscillations does not require information transfer.

scholarly journals Local microcircuitry of parasubiculum shows distinct and common features of excitatory and inhibitory connectivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanna P Sammons ◽  
Alexandra Tzilivaki ◽  
Dietmar Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Random Network ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Border Cells ◽  
Head Direction ◽  
Grid Cells ◽  
Medial Entorhinal Cortex ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Layer 2 ◽  
Firing Properties ◽  
Local Circuitry

The parasubiculum is located within the parahippocampal region, where it is thought to be involved in the processing of spatial navigational information. It contains a number of functionally specialised neuron types including grid cells, head direction cells and border cells, and provides input into layer 2 of the medial entorhinal cortex where grid cells are abundantly located. The local circuitry within the parasubiculum remains so far undefined but may provide clues as to the emergence of spatially tuned firing properties of neurons in this region. We used simultaneous patch-clamp recordings to determine the connectivity rates between the three major groups of neurons found in the parasubiculum. We find high rates of interconnectivity between the pyramidal class and interneurons, as well as features of pyramid to pyramid interactions indicative of a non-random network. The microcircuit that we uncover shares both similarities and divergences to those from other parahippocampal regions also involved in spatial navigation.

scholarly journals Interaction between neuronal encoding and population dynamics during categorization task switching in parietal cortex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krithika Mohan ◽  
Oliver Zhu ◽  
David Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Neural Encoding ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Categorization Task ◽  
Attractor Dynamics ◽  
Feature Encoding ◽  
The One ◽  
Neuronal Encoding

AbstractPrimates excel at categorization, a cognitive process for assigning stimuli into behaviorally relevant groups. Categories are encoded in multiple brain areas and tasks, yet it remains unclear how neural encoding and dynamics support cognitive tasks with different demands. We recorded from parietal cortex during flexible switching between categorization tasks with distinct cognitive and motor demands, and also studied recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained on the same tasks. In the one-interval categorization task (OIC), monkeys rapidly reported their decisions with a saccade. In the delayed match-to-category (DMC) task, monkeys decided whether sequentially presented stimuli were categorical matches. Neuronal category encoding generalized across tasks, but categorical encoding was more binary-like in the DMC task and more graded in the OIC task. Furthermore, analysis of the trained RNNs supports the hypothesis that binary-like encoding in the DMC task arises through compression of graded feature encoding by population attractor dynamics underlying short-term working memory.

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