scholarly journals Retinol Depletion in Severe COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Rodan Sarohan ◽  
Hakan Akelma ◽  
Eşref Araç ◽  
Özgür Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Type I Interferon ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Retinoid Signaling ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackground and PurposeVitamin A is depleted during infections. Vitamin A has been used successfully in measles, RSV and AIDS patients and is an effective vaccine adjuvant. In this study, low retinol levels were found in patients with severe COVID-19. Retinoid signaling impairment in COVID-19 disrupts Type-I interferon synthesis.Material and MethodTwo groups were formed in the study. The patient group consisted of 27 (Group 1) severe COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit with respiratory failure, and the control group consisted of 23 (Group 2) patients without COVID-19 symptoms. Serum retinol levels were analyzed by ELIZA and HPLC in both groups.FindingsRetinol levels were found to be significantly lower in the patient group (P <0.001). There was no difference in retinol between two different age groups in the patient group (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in retinol between men and women (P> 0.05). Comorbidity did not affect serum retinol levels (P >0.05).ConclusionSerum retinol levels were low in patients with severe COVID-19. Drugs preventing retinol excretion were not stopped in the patient group. Some patients took vitamin A externally. Despite this, retinol was low in COVID-19 patients. Retinol depletion impairs Type-I interferon synthesis by impairing retinoid signaling. Retinoid signaling may be the main pathogenetic disorder in COVID-19. This pathogenesis can serve as a guide for adjuvants, drug targets, and candidate drugs. Retinol, retinoic acid derivatives, and some CYP450 inhibitors may work on COVID-19.

Serum vitamin A levels as a novel predictor for respiratory distress syndrome in neonates: is it beneficial?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shawky Elfarargy ◽  
Sally Abu-Risha ◽  
Ghada Al-Ashmawy ◽  
Haidy Khattab
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a very important dangerous disease in neonates and is accompanied by neonatal complications and death. Patients and Methods: A case-control study, with the identification number TCTR20210206001 was done on 100 neonates who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Tanta University Hospital (TUH) suffering from RDS (patient group) and 100 healthy neonates (control group). Estimation of serum vitamin A (retinol) was occurred for all neonates of this study within the first four hours after birth before any nutrition or therapies. Results: Showed no significant difference between serums retinol (RT) levels in grade 1&2 RDS neonates (patient group) and the serum RT levels in the control group while there was significant difference between serums retinol levels in grade 3&4 RDS neonates (patient group) and the serum retinol levels in the control group where the P-value was 0.006, 0.002 respectively. Conclusion : Serum vitamin A levels in neonates were decreased in RDS neonates and could be used as a predictor for the development and severity of RDS. Recommendation: Routine estimation of serum vitamin A levels in neonates as a novel predictor for neonatal RDS.

Red Palm Oil Supplementation: A Feasible Diet-Based Approach to Improve the Vitamin A Status of Pregnant Women and Their Infants

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Radhika ◽  
P. Bhaskaram ◽  
N. Balakrishna ◽  
B. A. Ramalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
Red Palm Oil ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean

This double-blinded, randomized, controlled study was designed to study the effect of dietary supplementation with red palm oil during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal vitamin A status. A total of 170 women were recruited at 16 to 24 weeks of gestation and randomly assigned to an experimental group that received red palm oil to supply approximately one recommended dietary amount (RDA) (2,400 μg) of β-carotene or to a control group that received an equivalent volume of groundnut oil. The women received the oils for a period of 8 weeks, starting at 26 to 28 weeks of gestation and extending to 34 to 36 weeks of gestation. The mean postintervention (34 to 36 weeks) levels of serum retinol were 1.20 ± 0.22 (SD) μmol/L (95% CI, 1.15–1.25) in women receiving red palm oil and 0.73 ± 0.15 μmol/L (95% CI, 0.69–0.77) in their infants; these levels were significantly higher than those in women receiving groundnut oil (1.07 ± 0.26 μmol/L; 95% CI, 1.01–1.13; p < .01) and their infants (0. 62 ± 0.17 μmol/L; 95% CI, 0.57–0.67; p < .001). A significantly lower proportion of women in the red palm oil group than in the control group had vitamin A deficiency (serum retinol levels < 0.7 μmol/L) after intervention (1.5% vs. 9.7%). The proportion of women having anemia was significantly lower (p < .01) in the red palm oil-supplemented group (80.6%) than in the control group (96.7%). The mean birthweight and gestational age of the infants did not differ significantly between the two groups. An increased risk of low birthweight (p = . 003) and preterm delivery (p = . 000) was observed with decreasing serum retinol levels in the third trimester of pregnancy. These results show that red palm oil supplementation significantly improved maternal and neonatal vitamin A status and reduced the prevalence of maternal anemia. Maternal vitamin A status in the later part of pregnancy is significantly associated with fetal growth and maturation. Hence red palm oil, a rich source of bioavailable vitamin A, could be used as a diet-based approach for improving vitamin A status in pregnancy.

Suppressor T lymphocyte function in Graves' disease

1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bengt Hallengren ◽  
Arne Forsgren
Keyword(s):  
Patient Group ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Euthyroid State ◽  
Hyperthyroid State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Suppressor T Lymphocyte

Abstract. To explore suppressor T lymphocyte function in Graves' disease, studies were performed in one group of patients in the hyperthyroid state and in another group in the euthyroid state after treatment. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured for 1–7 days., Pokeweed mitogen (PWM; 1.25 μg/ml) was added at the initiation of the cultures or after 24 h. The degree of lymphocyte activation was assessed by measurements of the cellular uptake of [3H]thymidine and expressed in counts per minute (cpm). The suppressor lymphocyte function was estimated by a quotient between the maximum cpm values from cultures with and without pre-incubation. For the hyperthyroid group (n = 15) the quotient was 1.00 ± 0.07 (mean ± sem), for the euthyroid patient group (n = 21) 1.12 ± 0.05 and for the healthy control group (n = 21) 1.37 ± 0.08. There was a significant difference between the quotients for the control group and the hyperthyroid (P < 0.01) as well as the euthyroid (P < 0.05) patient group. The quotients for the two groups of patients did not differ significantly. In conclusion, the present study supports the view of a defect in suppressor T lymphocyte function in patients with Graves' disease in the hyperthyroid state and indicates that this defect can persist in the euthyroid state after treatment.

scholarly journals Psychological Symptoms in Young Adult Migraineurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Turgay Akalin ◽  
Aysin Sinal
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Psychological Symptom ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Migraine Headaches ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

We aimed to reveal psychological symptoms of young university students (18-25 y/o) with no secondary disease with complaints of migraine headaches. We compared the psychological symptoms with a young control group that did not present headaches and other studies examining migraines in different age groups to determine any similarities. The study consisted of 75 migraine cases; 13 with aura and 62 without aura) and 42 non-headache control subjects. The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3) with criteria questions and the Psychological Symptom Research Scale were applied to all participants and SPSS Statistics Program evaluated the data. Findings: 1) In the test of Descriptive Statistics for the Sample of Students, average values of both sexes were taken and found the average values of the migraine groups were higher than control group. 2) The Anova Test found differences in the diagnostic group besides depression (Somatisation p<., others p<.01) with no significant difference in depression (p=0.315). 3)The Pearson Correlation Analysis, found no association between age and psychological symptoms. There’s a significant relationship between psychological symptoms with somatisation (besides paranoid) (p<.05). There’s a significant relationship between depression and other psychological symptoms (p<.05). There’s a significant relationship between anxiety, obsession, interpersonal relationships, psychoticism, paranoia, anger, phobia, additional scale and other psychological symptoms (p<.01). Result: The study demonstrated psychological symptoms in young migraineurs. The average psychological symptoms of both migraine groups were higher than the control group, this showed psychological symptom similarities between young migraineurs and migraine patients of different age groups.

scholarly journals Latihan Fisik Intesitas Submaksimal dan Kalsitonin Salmon Meningkatkan Kepadatan Tulang Tikus Masa Pertumbuhan

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Syarli Lesmana ◽  
Gadis Meinar Sari ◽  
Choesnan Effendi ◽  
Shinta Arisant
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Salmon Calcitonin ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Type I ◽  
Femur Bone ◽  
Risk Increase ◽  
Significant Difference

Bone is a complex tissue consisting of cells and matrix. Mass and thick bone mass has a dynamic addition and subtraction through the process of remodeling (bone matrix absorbed and formed again). Bone is formatted by osteoblast cell and resorption by osteoclast cell. Osteoblasts produce a matrix of osteoid, which is composed mainly of type I collagen, and osteoclast removes bone tissue by removing its mineralized matrix and breaking up the organic bone. Bone remodeling purpose to defend shape and structure of bone. the purpose of this study is to prove that submaximal-intensity exercise and salmon calcitonin improve bone density in growing rat this research method uses design of the randomize posttest only control group design. We compered femur bone density in 24 male norvegicus rats aged 6 weeks that were divided into 4 groups: controls, calcitonin, exercise, combine. Exercise group swam 3 times a week in submaximal intensity, calcitonin group injected synthetic salmon calcitonin 2 iu /100 gram of rat weight every day and combine group did both of it. After 8 weeks, rat femur bone density measured using ultrasound. the result: there are significant differences in bone density between group 1 (control) and group 4 (combine) with p = 0.001, thus the p value &lt;0.05 indicates that there is a significant difference to the average density in both groups. While comparisons to other groups found no significant difference because the value of p&gt; 0.05. the benefits of this research are calcitonin salmon and submaximal-intensity exercise increase the density bone in the growth period. High bone density is mean the bone is strong and health, not porous and fragile so decrease bone fracture risk. increase the bone density in of growth period make the bone get the best mass, and avoid from early osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Sufficient therapeutic effect of cryopreserved frozen adipose-derived regenerative cells on burn wounds

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiko Kaita ◽  
Takehiko Tarui ◽  
Hideaki Yoshino ◽  
Takeaki Matsuda ◽  
Yoshihiro Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Burn Wound Healing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regenerative Cells

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether cryopreserved (frozen) adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) have a therapeutic effect on burn wound healing as well as freshly isolated (fresh) ADRCs.Full thickness burns were created on dorsum of nude mice and burn wound was excised. The wound was covered by artificial dermis with; (i) fresh ADRCs, (ii) frozen ADRCs, and (iii) PBS (control). The assessment for wound healing was performed by morphological, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses.In vivo analyses exhibited the significant therapeutic effect of frozen ADRCs on burn wound healing up to the similar or higher level of fresh ADRCs. There were significant differences of wound closure, epithelized tissue thickness, and neovascularization between the treatment groups and control group. Although there was no significant difference of therapeutic efficacy between fresh ADRC group and frozen ADRC group, frozen ADRCs improved burn wound healing process in dermal regeneration with increased great type I collagen synthesis compared with fresh ADRCs.These findings indicate that frozen ADRCs allow us to apply not only quickly but also for multiple times, and the cryopreserved ADRCs could therefore be useful for the treatment of burn wounds in clinical settings.

scholarly journals APOPTOSIS INDEX BETWEEN FEMALES AND MALES IN REGULAR HEMODIALYSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Djoko Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Immunochemical Determination ◽  
Apoptosis Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Esrd Patients

Many reports have documented apoptosis index in hemodialysis patients, but to date, no single study has directly compared the apoptosis index of males to females. Data on mortality rate among hemodialytic patients in the hemodialysis center at the Department of Internal Medicine Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia show a high number predominated by female patients. Therefore, to answer the question of whether there is a gender difference in apoptosis index, the researcher studied leukocyte responses in male and female hemodialysis patients. The apoptosis index of the sample was measured by indirect immunoassay method. Cell lyses, followed by immunochemical determination of histone-complexed DNA fragments in a microtiter plate wells. The apoptosis quantization was obtained by determining the amount of colored product spectrophotometrically. One hundred and four non-diabetic subjects who received hemodialysis (HD), and 24 normal controls (NC), were evaluated. The apoptosis index in ESRD patients group and control group showed no significant difference (0.6172 vs 0.4008, p=0.114), neither did it vary in both sexes and age groups. When the sex factor was analyzed (after exclusion from the diabetic ESRD patients), females apoptosis index was significantly higher than that of the males (0.7325 vs 0.55175, p<0.05). In conclusion, apoptosis index in females among non-diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis is higher than that occur in males and controls.

Cellular Compatibility of a New Tantalum-Niobium Scaffold Material

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianan Ouyang ◽  
Zhenhan Deng ◽  
Kang Chen ◽  
Jianyi Xiong ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Scaffold Material ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Porous Tantalum ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract [Objective] To determine the cellular compatibility of porous tantalum-niobium (Ta-Nb) material. [Method] Rabbit osteoblasts were co-cultured with porous Ta-Nb material. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 method, and the cell adhesion was observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The expressions of type-I collagen and osteocalcin were detected by RT-PCR assay. [Results] CCK-8 detection indicated that the cell proliferation on the porous Ta-Nb material showed no difference from that of the control group (P>0.05). SEM revealed that a large amount of cells adhered onto the surface and in the pores of the material. The number of cells on the material surface increased obviously over time. RT-PCR assay showed that with the prolonging of the time of co-culture, the expression of type-I collagen was enhanced (P<0.05), while the osteocalcin expression exhibited no significant difference (P>0.05[Conclusion] Porous Ta-Nb scaffold material can be used to promote the adhesion, growth and differentiation of osteoblasts with satisfactory cellular compatibility.

scholarly journals Do Blood Cell Parameters have a Predictive Role in the Etiology and Severity Pediatric Antrochoanal Polyp Cases?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Müge Özçelik Korkmaz ◽  
Bilgehan Çelik ◽  
Fatih Turan ◽  
Mehmet Güven ◽  
Ebru Güven
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Introduction There are no definitive parameters to guide the etiology and severity of pediatric antrochoanal polyps. Objective The aim of our study is to compare the values of blood cell distribution parameters in cases of pediatric antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) with those of the control group. These values may be guiding parameters in determining the etiology of ACPs and evaluating the severity of the disease and the risk of recurrence. Methods Blood count values of patients operated for pediatric ACPs were retrospectively analyzed and compared with the data of the control group with the same age and gender distribution. The ACPs group was divided into subgroups in terms of inflammation, severity, and recurrence, and these subgroups were statistically compared as well. Results When the ACP patient group and the control group were compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. When we compared the patients considering the CT findings, there was a statistically significant difference between the stage III patients and the control group in terms of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values (p < 0.05 in both). Similarly, the MPV and PLR values were significantly higher in the recurrence patient group than in the control group. (p < 0.05 in both). Conclusion As a result of the data obtained, it can be suggested that inflammatory parameters in pediatric cases of ACPs vary in terms of recurrence and the severity of the disease.

scholarly journals Prevalence of elongated styloid process in Saudi population of Aseer region

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Asif Shaik ◽  
Sultan Mohammed Kaleem ◽  
Abdul Wahab ◽  
Shahul Hameed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Frequent Pattern ◽  
P Value ◽  
Type I ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: The study was performed to investigate the prevalence, morphology and calcification pattern of elongated styloid process in Saudi population of Aseer (Southern) region and its relation to gender and sub-age groups. Materials and Methods: This study was analyzed digital panoramic radiographs of 1,162 adults. Any radiograph with questionable styloid process was excluded from the study. The apparent length of the styloid process was measured by a single experienced dental and maxillofacial Radiologist. The elongated styloid process was classified with the radiographic appearance based on the morphology and calcification pattern. The data were analyzed by using Student′s t-test and Chi-square test with P value less than 0.05. Results: A total of 1,085 Digital panoramic radiographs showed elongated styloid process of which 686 (63.2%) were noticed in males and 399 (36.8%) were noticed in female patients. There was a statistical significant difference noticed in the mean difference of elongated styloid process between 20-29, 50-59 and 60 years and above sub-age groups. The elongated styloid process was more prevalent in elderly aged male patients (P < 0.05). Type I morphology with calcified out line (a) was the most frequent pattern of calcification noticed in the present study.Conclusion: The panoramic radiographs are economical, easily accessible and useful diagnostic tool for early detection of elongated styloid process with or without symptoms. However, studies with larger sample size would further help to assess the prevalence of this elongated styloid process in Saudi population of various other regions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document